六、根据首字母提示完成短文。
主题群:环境保护
子主题:善待生命
语篇类型:说明文
词数:243
难度:★★★
Many people have heard of shark fin soup. But do you realize that you're
1. k a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?
When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and 2. t them back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 3. h to the environment. Without fins, a shark can no longer 4. r to its group and will slowly die. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean's ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.
5. T, the whole ocean ecosystem will be out of balance. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. But in fact, 6. a 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. The 7. n of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
Environmental protection groups around the world, which 8. i WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about "finning". They have even asked governments to develop laws to 9. p the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. We must 10. a now to help save the sharks!

1. killing 2. throw 3. harmful 4. return
5. Therefore 6. around 7. numbers 8. include
9. prevent 10. act

【分析】
做这类首字母提示的短文填空题，首先要先通读完整篇文章，明确本文核心主题是介绍鱼翅贸易对鲨鱼和海洋生态的危害，呼吁人们行动起来保护鲨鱼，建立整体语境认知。接下来逐个分析空格：先结合空格前后的语法结构判断所需单词的词性，再结合上下文语义、给出的首字母提示匹配对应词汇，同时还要注意时态、语态、单复数、非谓语变形等细节，全部填完后再通读全文检查逻辑和语法是否通顺，就可以顺利完成解题。
【解析】
1. 句意：但你有没有意识到每次你享用一碗鱼翅汤的时候，你正在杀死一整只鲨鱼？空前有be动词are，构成现在进行时结构，需填动词现在分词，结合语义和首字母k，kill的现在分词killing符合要求。
2. 句意：当人们捕获鲨鱼时，切掉它们的鱼鳍，然后把它们扔回海洋。此处和cut off并列，用一般现在时动词原形，固定搭配throw back表示扔回，符合语义和首字母t提示。
3. 句意：这不仅残忍，还对环境有害。固定搭配be harmful to表示对……有害，符合语境和首字母h提示。
4. 句意：没有鱼鳍，鲨鱼再也不能回到自己的种群，会慢慢死去。情态动词can后接动词原形，结合语义“返回、回到”和首字母r提示，填return。
5. 句意：因此，整个海洋生态系统将会失去平衡。前文提到鲨鱼数量过低会给所有海洋生物带来危险，此处是顺承引出的结果，用衔接副词Therefore表因果逻辑，符合首字母T提示。
6. 句意：但事实上，每年大约有7000万条鲨鱼在这个产业中被捕获和交易。此处表示“大约、左右”，修饰数量，符合首字母a提示，填around。
7. 句意：在过去的二三十年里，部分种类鲨鱼的数量下降了90%以上。固定搭配the number of表示……的数量，后文谓语是have fallen，说明主语用复数形式，填numbers符合首字母n提示。
8. 句意：世界各地的环保组织，包括WildAid和世界自然基金会，正在向公众科普“猎翅”行为。定语从句先行词是环保组织，表达“包含、包括”的含义，符合首字母i提示，填include。
9. 句意：他们甚至呼吁政府制定法律来阻止鱼翅的售卖。不定式符号to后接动词原形，结合语义“阻止、防止”和首字母p提示，填prevent。
10. 句意：我们现在必须行动起来去拯救鲨鱼！情态动词must后接动词原形，act now表示立刻行动，符合语境和首字母a提示。
【答案】
1. killing 2. throw 3. harmful 4. return
5. Therefore 6. around 7. numbers 8. include
9. prevent 10. act
【知识点】
首字母短文填空，固定短语搭配，语篇逻辑理解
【点评】
本题选取环保主题的说明文，既考察学生对初中阶段核心词汇、常用固定搭配的掌握程度，也锻炼学生结合上下文语境逻辑推断目标词汇的能力，同时渗透了保护野生动物、维护生态平衡的德育引导，大部分空格都有明确的搭配或语境提示，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

七、热点素材 完形填空。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:丰富的生活 语篇类型:记叙文 词数:233 难度:★★★
On January 25,2026, Alex Honnold climbed Taipei 101 without any safety ropes or equipment. Taipei 101 is a 508-metre-tall 1 and one of the most famous skyscrapers in the world. It took him 91 2 to get to the top. As the first person to finish this 3 climb, he has become a new legend in extreme sports around the world.
Alex was born in California, America, in 1985. He loved outdoor 4 when he was very young. He started climbing at the age of five and soon 5 in love with this exciting sport. As a teenager, he practised 6 in local clubs every day. He kept improving his 7 skills and never gave up, even when he faced difficulties.
Alex is 8 for free solo climbing, which means climbing without any 9 tools. In 2017, he made 10 by climbing El Capitan alone. Later, his story was made into a great documentary called *Free Solo*, which 11 an Oscar and encouraged many people.
After reaching the top of Taipei 101, Alex told reporters that 12 the wind was strong and he felt tired, the view was amazing. He said he loved climbing not for 13, but for the challenge and the joy of pushing 14. He also told us that if we work hard, stay focused and never give up, we can make our 15 dreams come true.
1. A. bridge B. building C. palace D. mountain
2. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. weeks
3. A. boring B. relaxing C. annoying D. challenging
4. A. shows B. lessons C. activities D. tasks
5. A. brought B. took C. fell D. got
6. A. hard B. fast C. early D. simply
7. A. swimming B. climbing C. chatting D. programming
8. A. convenient B. meaningful C. famous D. normal
9. A. expensive B. protective C. creative D. positive
10. A. history B. money C. news D. mistakes
11. A. bought B. won C. left D. chose
12. A. if B. unless C. although D. however
13. A. purpose B. spirit C. respect D. fame
14. A. herself B. himself C. myself D. yourself
15. A. comfortable B. available C. impossible D. reasonable

1. B 根据 one of the most famous skyscrapers in the world 可知,台北 101 是一座大楼。
2. A 此处指到达楼顶所用的时间,结合常识,91分钟比较合理。
3. D 根据“As the first person to finish this ...climb”以及上文对台北 101 大楼的介绍可知,此处指完成具有挑战性的攀登。
4. C 根据“He loved outdoor ... when he was very young.”以及 He started climbing at the age of five 可知,此处指喜欢户外活动。
5. C 根据“He started climbing at the age of five and soon ... in love with this exciting sport.”可知,此处是固定搭配 fall in love with,意为“爱上”。
6. A 根据“He kept ... never give up, even when he faced difficulties.”可知,此处指刻苦训练。
7. B 根据“He kept improving his ... skills and never gave up”可知,此处指提高攀岩技能。
8. C 此处是固定搭配 be famous for“以……而闻名”。
9. B 根据 “free solo climbing, which means climbing without any ... tools”以及第一段中 without any safety ropes or equipment 可知,徒手攀岩是没有保护工具的。
10. A 根据“In 2017, he made ... by climbing El Capitan alone.”以及下文介绍他的故事被拍成了一部纪录片可知,此处指创造历史。
11. B 根据语境可知,此处指纪录片赢得奥斯卡奖。
12. C the wind was strong and he felt tired 和 the view was amazing 是转折关系,用 although 引导让步状语从句。
13. D 联系上下文并根据语境可知,此处指不是为了名气。
14. B 根据“but for the challenge and the joy of pushing ...”可知,此处指突破自我,主语是 He,用himself。
15. C 只要努力、保持专注并且绝不放弃,就能实现看似不可能的梦想。

【分析】
这是一篇介绍徒手攀岩名将Alex Honnold成长与成就的记叙文完形填空，解题时可以按照三步法思考：1. 先通读全文，理清文章主线：文章围绕Alex的攀岩经历展开，讲述他从小热爱户外、刻苦训练，最终成为知名极限攀岩运动员的励志故事，先建立整体语境认知；2. 逐空对应线索解题：优先抓取空格前后的原文提示信息，比如后文出现的skyscraper、free solo climbing等关键表述，结合固定搭配、生活常识、逻辑关系逐一匹配选项，排除不符合语境的错误项；3. 全部选完后将答案代入原文通读，验证全文逻辑连贯、语义通顺，确认没有错漏。
【解析】
1. 第1空：后文提到台北101是世界最著名的摩天大楼之一，摩天大楼属于建筑，A桥、C宫殿、D山均不符合语境，选B。
2. 第2空：结合生活常识，攀登508米的台北101，91分钟是合理时长，91小时/天/周都不符合实际情况，选A。
3. 第3空：全文介绍的是极限攀岩运动，攀登超高层摩天楼属于难度极高的挑战，A无聊的、B放松的、C烦人均不符合语境，选D。
4. 第4空：后文提到他5岁就开始攀岩，攀岩属于户外活动，A演出、B课程、D任务均不符合语境，选C。
5. 第5空：此处是固定搭配fall in love with，意为“爱上”，描述他很快爱上攀岩这项运动，选C。
6. 第6空：后文提到他从不放弃、直面困难，说明他在当地俱乐部每天刻苦训练，hard表示努力地，符合语境，选A。
7. 第7空：全文围绕攀岩运动展开，他不断提升的是自己的攀岩技能，选B。
8. 第8空：此处是固定搭配be famous for，意为“以……闻名”，指Alex以徒手攀岩为人熟知，选C。
9. 第9空：前文提到徒手攀岩不需要安全绳索等装备，也就是没有任何保护性工具，A昂贵的、C有创造力的、D积极的均不符合语境，选B。
10. 第10空：后文提到他的事迹被拍成知名纪录片，说明他独自攀登酋长岩的壮举创造了历史，make history是固定表达，选A。
11. 第11空：语境是这部《徒手攀岩》纪录片获得了奥斯卡奖项，win表示赢得奖项，选B。
12. 第12空：空格前“风很大他很累”，空格后“景色特别美”，二者是让步转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句，选C。
13. 第13空：上下文说明他热爱攀岩不是为了追逐名气，而是为了挑战本身，A目的、B精神、C尊重均不符合语境，选D。
14. 第14空：此处表达“突破自我”，主语是男性he，对应的反身代词是himself，选B。
15. 第15空：句意为只要努力、专注、不放弃，就能把原本不可能的梦想变成现实，符合全文励志的导向，选C。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.C
【知识点】完形语境推断，固定短语辨析，连词逻辑判断
【点评】本篇完形选用知名极限运动员的热点励志素材，贴合“丰富的生活”的主题，考点覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词、连词的词义辨析和初中阶段核心固定搭配，既考察学生抓取上下文线索的解题能力，也传递了坚持奋斗的正向价值，整体考点基础灵活，适合学生训练完形解题的逻辑思维。
【难度系数】0.7