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七、任务型阅读。
阅读短文,从短文后所给的A~F六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana(加纳), Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. 1 She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are facing the problem of water shortage like Napoga. They can't get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is 22 April. 2 The water we use is the most important natural resource on earth. Water covers about 70% of the earth's surface. 3 We can't use it for many things. Fresh water covers only 2.5% of the earth's water.
4 But that doesn't mean you don't have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. Many kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty.
Polluted water is very bad for people's health. And dirty water is bad for fish too. Now, about 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out. 5 First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rainwater comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won't have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children.
A. How do cars and factories make our water dirty?
B. Unfortunately, most of that is sea water.
C. Pollution has led to serious problems of water shortage.
D. But on all other days, we must also remember it.
E. You probably feel lucky that your life isn't as hard as Napoga's.
F. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking.
1.
阅读短文,从短文后所给的A~F六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana(加纳), Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. 1 She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are facing the problem of water shortage like Napoga. They can't get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is 22 April. 2 The water we use is the most important natural resource on earth. Water covers about 70% of the earth's surface. 3 We can't use it for many things. Fresh water covers only 2.5% of the earth's water.
4 But that doesn't mean you don't have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. Many kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty.
Polluted water is very bad for people's health. And dirty water is bad for fish too. Now, about 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out. 5 First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rainwater comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won't have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children.
A. How do cars and factories make our water dirty?
B. Unfortunately, most of that is sea water.
C. Pollution has led to serious problems of water shortage.
D. But on all other days, we must also remember it.
E. You probably feel lucky that your life isn't as hard as Napoga's.
F. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking.
1.
F
2. D
3. B
4. E
5. A
答案
七、1. F 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇六选五型任务型阅读，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍全球水资源现状、水污染问题，呼吁人们重视水资源保护。之后逐空定位前后文的内容，通过顺承、转折、设问等逻辑关联，匹配对应选项，同时排除和上下文无法衔接的多余干扰项，就能选出正确答案。具体每一步的思考逻辑：第一空前文提到女孩早起走很远打水，后文说她没时间上学玩耍，中间必然是说明打水耗时久；第二空前文提到地球日的时间，后文强调水资源的重要性，逻辑上自然延伸到不能只在地球日重视水资源保护；第三空前文说地球表面70%被水覆盖，后文说可用淡水占比极低，中间要解释为什么占比高的水没法直接用；第四空后文以But转折，说普通人也需要关心水问题，前文自然是先铺垫普通人觉得自己不用像非洲缺水地区的孩子那样辛苦的心态；第五空后文一步步解释汽车工厂污染水的过程，前文必然是对应的设问引出下文。
【解析】
1. 空前描述Napoga每天五点半出发去远村取水，空后说明她没有时间上学、和朋友玩耍，F选项“她要花6个小时才能获取足够日常烹饪和饮用的干净水”承接取水的行为，直接解释了她没有空余时间的原因，逻辑完全通顺。
2. 空前点明地球日是4月22日，空后强调水是地球上最重要的自然资源，D选项“但是在其他所有日子里，我们也必须记住它”承接地球日的话题，把对水资源的重视从特定节日延伸到日常，符合上下文逻辑。
3. 空前说明水覆盖约70%的地球表面，空后指出这些水很多都无法使用，淡水仅占总水量的2.5%，B选项“不幸的是，其中绝大部分是海水”解释了占比极高的地表水无法直接利用的原因，衔接自然。
4. 空后用But转折，点明普通人也需要重视水资源问题，E选项“你可能觉得很幸运，你的生活不像Napoga的那么艰难”刚好和后文的转折形成对应，先铺垫普通人的侥幸心态，再转折引出要关心水问题的观点。
5. 空后分步介绍了汽车、工厂先污染空气，再通过降雨污染饮用水的完整过程，A选项“汽车和工厂是怎么把我们的水弄脏的？”以设问引出后文的具体解释，逻辑完全匹配。
【答案】
1. F 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. A
【知识点】
阅读补全，上下文逻辑推理，水资源科普
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语任务型阅读题型，主题贴合环保科普，难度梯度设置合理，核心考察学生抓取上下文逻辑关联的阅读能力，多余干扰项C无法和任意一处空白的前后文匹配，很容易排除，学生解题的同时也能建立节约用水的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇六选五型任务型阅读，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍全球水资源现状、水污染问题，呼吁人们重视水资源保护。之后逐空定位前后文的内容，通过顺承、转折、设问等逻辑关联，匹配对应选项，同时排除和上下文无法衔接的多余干扰项，就能选出正确答案。具体每一步的思考逻辑：第一空前文提到女孩早起走很远打水，后文说她没时间上学玩耍，中间必然是说明打水耗时久；第二空前文提到地球日的时间，后文强调水资源的重要性，逻辑上自然延伸到不能只在地球日重视水资源保护；第三空前文说地球表面70%被水覆盖，后文说可用淡水占比极低，中间要解释为什么占比高的水没法直接用；第四空后文以But转折，说普通人也需要关心水问题，前文自然是先铺垫普通人觉得自己不用像非洲缺水地区的孩子那样辛苦的心态；第五空后文一步步解释汽车工厂污染水的过程，前文必然是对应的设问引出下文。
【解析】
1. 空前描述Napoga每天五点半出发去远村取水，空后说明她没有时间上学、和朋友玩耍，F选项“她要花6个小时才能获取足够日常烹饪和饮用的干净水”承接取水的行为，直接解释了她没有空余时间的原因，逻辑完全通顺。
2. 空前点明地球日是4月22日，空后强调水是地球上最重要的自然资源，D选项“但是在其他所有日子里，我们也必须记住它”承接地球日的话题，把对水资源的重视从特定节日延伸到日常，符合上下文逻辑。
3. 空前说明水覆盖约70%的地球表面，空后指出这些水很多都无法使用，淡水仅占总水量的2.5%，B选项“不幸的是，其中绝大部分是海水”解释了占比极高的地表水无法直接利用的原因，衔接自然。
4. 空后用But转折，点明普通人也需要重视水资源问题，E选项“你可能觉得很幸运，你的生活不像Napoga的那么艰难”刚好和后文的转折形成对应，先铺垫普通人的侥幸心态，再转折引出要关心水问题的观点。
5. 空后分步介绍了汽车、工厂先污染空气，再通过降雨污染饮用水的完整过程，A选项“汽车和工厂是怎么把我们的水弄脏的？”以设问引出后文的具体解释，逻辑完全匹配。
【答案】
1. F 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. A
【知识点】
阅读补全，上下文逻辑推理，水资源科普
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中英语任务型阅读题型，主题贴合环保科普，难度梯度设置合理，核心考察学生抓取上下文逻辑关联的阅读能力，多余干扰项C无法和任意一处空白的前后文匹配，很容易排除，学生解题的同时也能建立节约用水的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
