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[人与自然[2025陕西中考]
生态和谐
Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money. Environmental scientists did some research and they learned that just one tree can save a city about 2,800 yuan over the tree's lifetime.
One way trees save money is by helping us save energy. Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly on the buildings. Big trees block(遮挡)the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm. Saving energy means saving money!
There are other ways for trees to help a city save money. For example, when it rains, a city's sewers(下水道)fill up with water. Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees' leaves and roots take in rainwater before it gets to the dirty sewers. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean and money is saved.
15.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.How to protect trees.
B.How to study trees.
C.How trees help cities save money.
D.How trees make cities look nice.
16.[新中考 代词指代题] The underlined word "they" refers to "
A.city cleaners
B.environmental scientists
C.big trees
D.tall buildings
17.[新中考 写作手法题] To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer
A.gives an example
B.asks a question
C.uses pictures
D.lists numbers
[人与自然[2025陕西中考]
生态和谐
Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money. Environmental scientists did some research and they learned that just one tree can save a city about 2,800 yuan over the tree's lifetime.
One way trees save money is by helping us save energy. Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly on the buildings. Big trees block(遮挡)the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm. Saving energy means saving money!
There are other ways for trees to help a city save money. For example, when it rains, a city's sewers(下水道)fill up with water. Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees' leaves and roots take in rainwater before it gets to the dirty sewers. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean and money is saved.
15.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.How to protect trees.
B.How to study trees.
C.How trees help cities save money.
D.How trees make cities look nice.
16.[新中考 代词指代题] The underlined word "they" refers to "
big trees
".A.city cleaners
B.environmental scientists
C.big trees
D.tall buildings
17.[新中考 写作手法题] To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer
gives an example
.A.gives an example
B.asks a question
C.uses pictures
D.lists numbers
答案
15. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是树木如何帮助城市省钱，故选 C。
技巧点拨 主旨大意题是选择型阅读理解的一种命题形式，它考查学生对语篇的主旨大意的理解和概括能力。解答主旨大意题时需要通读全文，尤其注意第一段和最后一段，以及每段的第一句。
16. C 代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly on the buildings. Big trees block the winter wind.”可知，大树阻挡夏天的阳光直射到建筑物上，还挡住了冬天的风。由此可推断，通过这种方式，大树帮助人们节省能源，使他们的家和办公室变凉爽或变温暖。they 指代的是大树，故选 C。
17. A 写作手法题。根据第三段中的“For example, when it rains, a city's sewers fill up with water.”可知，作者通过举例子的方法来支持第三段的观点，故选 A。
技巧点拨 主旨大意题是选择型阅读理解的一种命题形式，它考查学生对语篇的主旨大意的理解和概括能力。解答主旨大意题时需要通读全文，尤其注意第一段和最后一段，以及每段的第一句。
16. C 代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly on the buildings. Big trees block the winter wind.”可知，大树阻挡夏天的阳光直射到建筑物上，还挡住了冬天的风。由此可推断，通过这种方式，大树帮助人们节省能源，使他们的家和办公室变凉爽或变温暖。they 指代的是大树，故选 C。
17. A 写作手法题。根据第三段中的“For example, when it rains, a city's sewers fill up with water.”可知，作者通过举例子的方法来支持第三段的观点，故选 A。
解析
【分析】
本题为中考英语阅读理解题，包含三道不同类型的题目，解题思路如下：1. 主旨大意题需通读全文，重点关注首尾段及各段首句，梳理核心内容；2. 代词指代题需定位代词所在句的前文，找到对应的复数名词；3. 写作手法题需分析段落中支撑主题的具体方式，如是否有举例、提问等。
【解析】
1. 第15题（主旨大意题）：通读全文，第一段点明树木可帮助城市省钱，第二段说明树木通过节能省钱，第三段说明树木通过吸收雨水减少清洁费用省钱，核心主题是树木如何帮助城市省钱，故选C。
2. 第16题（代词指代题）：定位到第二段，前文提到“Big trees stop the summer sun... Big trees block the winter wind”，后文“they help people to save energy”中，they指代前文的复数名词big trees，故选C。
3. 第17题（写作手法题）：第三段开头用“For example”引出下雨时树木吸收雨水减少下水道清洁费用的具体事例，以此支撑段落主题，因此作者采用举例子的方法，故选A。
【答案】
15.C 16.C 17.A
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意题、代词指代题、写作手法题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解的基础题型，分别考查主旨概括、代词指代判断和写作手法识别，难度适中，需学生掌握不同题型的解题技巧，通过定位原文关键信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为中考英语阅读理解题，包含三道不同类型的题目，解题思路如下：1. 主旨大意题需通读全文，重点关注首尾段及各段首句，梳理核心内容；2. 代词指代题需定位代词所在句的前文，找到对应的复数名词；3. 写作手法题需分析段落中支撑主题的具体方式，如是否有举例、提问等。
【解析】
1. 第15题（主旨大意题）：通读全文，第一段点明树木可帮助城市省钱，第二段说明树木通过节能省钱，第三段说明树木通过吸收雨水减少清洁费用省钱，核心主题是树木如何帮助城市省钱，故选C。
2. 第16题（代词指代题）：定位到第二段，前文提到“Big trees stop the summer sun... Big trees block the winter wind”，后文“they help people to save energy”中，they指代前文的复数名词big trees，故选C。
3. 第17题（写作手法题）：第三段开头用“For example”引出下雨时树木吸收雨水减少下水道清洁费用的具体事例，以此支撑段落主题，因此作者采用举例子的方法，故选A。
【答案】
15.C 16.C 17.A
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意题、代词指代题、写作手法题
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解的基础题型，分别考查主旨概括、代词指代判断和写作手法识别，难度适中，需学生掌握不同题型的解题技巧，通过定位原文关键信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.7
