Ⅴ.任务型阅读。
Have you ever wondered how scientists learn about animals from millions of years ago? Nature can keep a perfect record in amber. They are windows to the past. This beautiful golden "stone" is actually ancient tree sap. For a long time, everyone thought dinosaurs had scaly skin like lizards. But a discovery in amber changed that.
In Southeast Asia, scientists found amber holding a dinosaur's tail covered in feathers! This was clear evidence that some dinosaurs had feathers. This finding proved old ideas could be wrong. Amber can also trap insects and plants, telling us about ancient life. Scientists study these "time capsules" to understand how life on Earth has changed. They are like keys unlocking the past. By studying small things like amber, we can make big discoveries about our world's history.

7. If you could keep one thing in amber for future people to discover, what would it be? Why?
Have you ever wondered how scientists learn about animals from millions of years ago? Nature can keep a perfect record in amber. They are windows to the past. This beautiful golden "stone" is actually ancient tree sap. For a long time, everyone thought dinosaurs had scaly skin like lizards. But a discovery in amber changed that.
In Southeast Asia, scientists found amber holding a dinosaur's tail covered in feathers! This was clear evidence that some dinosaurs had feathers. This finding proved old ideas could be wrong. Amber can also trap insects and plants, telling us about ancient life. Scientists study these "time capsules" to understand how life on Earth has changed. They are like keys unlocking the past. By studying small things like amber, we can make big discoveries about our world's history.
7. If you could keep one thing in amber for future people to discover, what would it be? Why?
A smartphone-because it shows how we
live, communicate and use technology
today, which may be very different in
the future.学生表达清楚、合理即可
得分
live, communicate and use technology
today, which may be very different in
the future.学生表达清楚、合理即可
得分
答案
Ⅴ.任务阅读
1. Window / Key 2. sap 3. feathers
4. lizards 5. wrong 6. life
7. A smartphone-because it shows how we
live, communicate and use technology
today, which may be very different in
the future.学生表达清楚、合理即可
得分
1. Window / Key 2. sap 3. feathers
4. lizards 5. wrong 6. life
7. A smartphone-because it shows how we
live, communicate and use technology
today, which may be very different in
the future.学生表达清楚、合理即可
得分
解析
【分析】
这道任务型阅读的解题思路是先通读全文,把握文章介绍琥珀的核心内容,再对照表格的每个填空要求,回到原文精准定位对应的语句,提取匹配的词汇完成填空;最后一道开放性问题结合文章主题,选择合理的物品并说明对应的意义即可,保证表达通顺逻辑自洽就符合要求。具体每一步:1. 先找标题相关的原文表述,确定琥珀和过去的关联的名词;2. 定位琥珀的定义句,找到它是古代树木的什么物质;3. 定位恐龙尾巴的发现细节,找到尾巴附带的物质;4. 定位之前人们对恐龙外形的认知,找到对应的参照生物;5. 定位发现的意义,找到旧观点的属性描述;6. 定位琥珀作为时间胶囊的作用,找到地球上发生变化的主体;7. 开放性作答选择有代表性的物品,说明它能向未来人传递的信息即可。
【解析】
1. 原文第一段提到“They are windows to the past.”,文章末尾也提到“They are like keys unlocking the past.”,标题为Amber: A ____ to the Past,填入Window或Key都符合文意。
2. 原文第一段明确说明“This beautiful golden "stone" is actually ancient tree sap.”,对应表格描述“It is an ancient tree ____ that can keep things inside.”,填入sap。
3. 原文第二段表述“In Southeast Asia, scientists found amber holding a dinosaur's tail covered in feathers!”,对应“Scientists found a dinosaur's tail with ____ in amber.”,填入feathers。
4. 原文第一段提到“For a long time, everyone thought dinosaurs had scaly skin like lizards.”,新发现证明部分恐龙长有羽毛,和之前认知里的蜥蜴不一样,对应“It proved some dinosaurs were not like ____.”,填入lizards。
5. 原文第二段直接给出“This finding proved old ideas could be wrong.”,对应“It showed that old ideas could be ____.”,填入wrong。
6. 原文末尾提到“Scientists study these "time capsules" to understand how life on Earth has changed.”,对应“It acts like a "time capsule" that helps us understand how ____ on Earth has changed.”,填入life。
7. 本题为开放性试题,作答时选择有特殊意义的物品,清晰说明该物品能向未来人传递的信息即可,表达通顺合理即可得分。
【答案】
1. Window / Key
2. sap
3. feathers
4. lizards
5. wrong
6. life
7. 示例:A smartphone-because it shows how we live, communicate and use technology today, which may be very different in the future. (学生表达清楚、合理即可得分)
【知识点】
细节信息提取,语篇理解,开放性表达
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低,前6道填空都可以直接从原文定位提取原词,重点考察学生快速查找阅读细节的能力,最后一道开放题跳出文本限制,引导学生结合琥珀记录历史的属性进行自主思考,锻炼学生的逻辑表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道任务型阅读的解题思路是先通读全文,把握文章介绍琥珀的核心内容,再对照表格的每个填空要求,回到原文精准定位对应的语句,提取匹配的词汇完成填空;最后一道开放性问题结合文章主题,选择合理的物品并说明对应的意义即可,保证表达通顺逻辑自洽就符合要求。具体每一步:1. 先找标题相关的原文表述,确定琥珀和过去的关联的名词;2. 定位琥珀的定义句,找到它是古代树木的什么物质;3. 定位恐龙尾巴的发现细节,找到尾巴附带的物质;4. 定位之前人们对恐龙外形的认知,找到对应的参照生物;5. 定位发现的意义,找到旧观点的属性描述;6. 定位琥珀作为时间胶囊的作用,找到地球上发生变化的主体;7. 开放性作答选择有代表性的物品,说明它能向未来人传递的信息即可。
【解析】
1. 原文第一段提到“They are windows to the past.”,文章末尾也提到“They are like keys unlocking the past.”,标题为Amber: A ____ to the Past,填入Window或Key都符合文意。
2. 原文第一段明确说明“This beautiful golden "stone" is actually ancient tree sap.”,对应表格描述“It is an ancient tree ____ that can keep things inside.”,填入sap。
3. 原文第二段表述“In Southeast Asia, scientists found amber holding a dinosaur's tail covered in feathers!”,对应“Scientists found a dinosaur's tail with ____ in amber.”,填入feathers。
4. 原文第一段提到“For a long time, everyone thought dinosaurs had scaly skin like lizards.”,新发现证明部分恐龙长有羽毛,和之前认知里的蜥蜴不一样,对应“It proved some dinosaurs were not like ____.”,填入lizards。
5. 原文第二段直接给出“This finding proved old ideas could be wrong.”,对应“It showed that old ideas could be ____.”,填入wrong。
6. 原文末尾提到“Scientists study these "time capsules" to understand how life on Earth has changed.”,对应“It acts like a "time capsule" that helps us understand how ____ on Earth has changed.”,填入life。
7. 本题为开放性试题,作答时选择有特殊意义的物品,清晰说明该物品能向未来人传递的信息即可,表达通顺合理即可得分。
【答案】
1. Window / Key
2. sap
3. feathers
4. lizards
5. wrong
6. life
7. 示例:A smartphone-because it shows how we live, communicate and use technology today, which may be very different in the future. (学生表达清楚、合理即可得分)
【知识点】
细节信息提取,语篇理解,开放性表达
【点评】
本题整体难度偏低,前6道填空都可以直接从原文定位提取原词,重点考察学生快速查找阅读细节的能力,最后一道开放题跳出文本限制,引导学生结合琥珀记录历史的属性进行自主思考,锻炼学生的逻辑表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅰ.单词拼写。
Deep in the Amazon rainforest, there is
a mysterious 1. b
people have used its hot water for cooking
and cleaning for many years. Scientists have
different 2. a
hot. Some think special 3. c
water might 4. r
5. t
clear and needs more research.
Deep in the Amazon rainforest, there is
a mysterious 1. b
boiling
river. Localpeople have used its hot water for cooking
and cleaning for many years. Scientists have
different 2. a
arguments
about why it is sohot. Some think special 3. c
chemicals
in thewater might 4. r
react
. However, the5. t
true
reason is still not completelyclear and needs more research.
答案
Ⅰ.单词拼写。
1. boiling 2. arguments 3. chemicals
4. react 5. true
1. boiling 2. arguments 3. chemicals
4. react 5. true
解析
【分析】
第一步先通读全文,把握整篇短文的核心语境:本文介绍了亚马逊雨林里一条水温很高的神秘河流,以及科学界对它水温偏高的原因尚未有定论的相关内容。解题时逐个空结合前后文语义提示、给出的首字母,同时兼顾空格处需要的词性、语法变形规则推导答案:
1. 第一空后面是名词river,后文明确提到河里是hot water,需要一个形容词修饰河流,结合首字母b,对应表示“沸腾的、滚烫的”的词汇;
2. 第二空前面有形容词different,说明后面要接可数名词复数,后文说科学家对河流为什么这么热持有不一样的相关观点,结合首字母a推导对应词汇;
3. 第三空前面有形容词special,后文限定是在水里的事物,首字母c,结合后文提到的相关作用,推导是水里的特殊物质;
4. 第四空前面有情态动词might,后面要接动词原形,对应水里的物质产生作用导致水变热的动作,首字母r推导对应动词;
5. 第五空后面是名词reason,需要形容词修饰,前文说大家的猜测都没有定论,所以是“真正的”原因还不明确,结合首字母t推导答案。
【解析】
1. 此处需要形容词修饰名词river,根据后文“its hot water”提示这条河的水是高温的,首字母为b,boiling意为“沸腾的、滚烫的”,完全符合语境,填boiling;
2. 此处前面有different,后接可数名词复数,语境为科学家对河流高温的原因有不同的争论/不同意见,首字母为a,arguments是argument的复数形式,符合语义和语法要求,填arguments;
3. 此处语境为有人认为水里的特殊物质导致水热,首字母为c,chemicals是chemical的复数形式,意为“化学物质”,符合逻辑,填chemicals;
4. 此处前面有情态动词might,后接动词原形,语义为水里的化学物质发生反应放热让水变热,首字母为r,react意为“发生化学反应”,符合语境,填react;
5. 此处需要形容词修饰名词reason,语境为真正的原因还没有完全明晰,首字母为t,true意为“真正的、真实的”,符合语义,填true。
【答案】
1. boiling 2. arguments 3. chemicals 4. react 5. true
【知识点】
首字母单词拼写,语境词义辨析,词形变换规则
【点评】
本题属于科普主题的首字母单词拼写题,整体逻辑连贯,每个空都有明确的上下文语义提示,同时兼顾了形容词修饰名词、情态动词后接动词原形、different后接可数名词复数等基础语法规则的考察,学生只要读懂全文大意,结合首字母提示不难推导出正确答案,同时也能积累相关主题的词汇。
【难度系数】
0.7
第一步先通读全文,把握整篇短文的核心语境:本文介绍了亚马逊雨林里一条水温很高的神秘河流,以及科学界对它水温偏高的原因尚未有定论的相关内容。解题时逐个空结合前后文语义提示、给出的首字母,同时兼顾空格处需要的词性、语法变形规则推导答案:
1. 第一空后面是名词river,后文明确提到河里是hot water,需要一个形容词修饰河流,结合首字母b,对应表示“沸腾的、滚烫的”的词汇;
2. 第二空前面有形容词different,说明后面要接可数名词复数,后文说科学家对河流为什么这么热持有不一样的相关观点,结合首字母a推导对应词汇;
3. 第三空前面有形容词special,后文限定是在水里的事物,首字母c,结合后文提到的相关作用,推导是水里的特殊物质;
4. 第四空前面有情态动词might,后面要接动词原形,对应水里的物质产生作用导致水变热的动作,首字母r推导对应动词;
5. 第五空后面是名词reason,需要形容词修饰,前文说大家的猜测都没有定论,所以是“真正的”原因还不明确,结合首字母t推导答案。
【解析】
1. 此处需要形容词修饰名词river,根据后文“its hot water”提示这条河的水是高温的,首字母为b,boiling意为“沸腾的、滚烫的”,完全符合语境,填boiling;
2. 此处前面有different,后接可数名词复数,语境为科学家对河流高温的原因有不同的争论/不同意见,首字母为a,arguments是argument的复数形式,符合语义和语法要求,填arguments;
3. 此处语境为有人认为水里的特殊物质导致水热,首字母为c,chemicals是chemical的复数形式,意为“化学物质”,符合逻辑,填chemicals;
4. 此处前面有情态动词might,后接动词原形,语义为水里的化学物质发生反应放热让水变热,首字母为r,react意为“发生化学反应”,符合语境,填react;
5. 此处需要形容词修饰名词reason,语境为真正的原因还没有完全明晰,首字母为t,true意为“真正的、真实的”,符合语义,填true。
【答案】
1. boiling 2. arguments 3. chemicals 4. react 5. true
【知识点】
首字母单词拼写,语境词义辨析,词形变换规则
【点评】
本题属于科普主题的首字母单词拼写题,整体逻辑连贯,每个空都有明确的上下文语义提示,同时兼顾了形容词修饰名词、情态动词后接动词原形、different后接可数名词复数等基础语法规则的考察,学生只要读懂全文大意,结合首字母提示不难推导出正确答案,同时也能积累相关主题的词汇。
【难度系数】
0.7
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