Ⅱ.语法小专练。
Botanist Wang Wencai's life shows us
1.
For over 70 years, he 2.
(travel) across China to study plants. He
faced many difficulties. 3.
he became very ill while working in the wild.
Later, he lost 4.
one eye.
However, he 5.
mentioned these challenges. 6.
magnifier, he continued his work for
another decade. He didn't care about fame
and 7.
thought his achievements 8.
(belong) to his whole team, not just
himself.
Wang's story is not about finding easy
answers, but about devoting a lifetime to a
single goal. This is 9.
nature explorer: 10.
and persistent hard work.
Botanist Wang Wencai's life shows us
1.
what
real exploration looks like.For over 70 years, he 2.
travelled / has travelled
(travel) across China to study plants. He
faced many difficulties. 3.
Once
(one),he became very ill while working in the wild.
Later, he lost 4.
his
(he) sight inone eye.
However, he 5.
hardly
(hardly) evermentioned these challenges. 6.
With
amagnifier, he continued his work for
another decade. He didn't care about fame
and 7.
wealth
(wealthy) at all. Hethought his achievements 8.
belonged
(belong) to his whole team, not just
himself.
Wang's story is not about finding easy
answers, but about devoting a lifetime to a
single goal. This is 9.
the
true spirit of anature explorer: 10.
endless
(end) curiosityand persistent hard work.
答案
Ⅱ.语法小专练。
1. what 2. travelled / has travelled
3. Once 4. his 5. hardly 6. With
7. wealth 8. belonged 9. the
10. endless
1. what 2. travelled / has travelled
3. Once 4. his 5. hardly 6. With
7. wealth 8. belonged 9. the
10. endless
解析
【分析】
这是一篇人物传记类的语篇语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,把握文章介绍植物学家王文采生平事迹的核心主旨,之后逐空结合句子结构、上下文逻辑、词性规则、时态呼应等考点推导答案:首先判断空格在句中充当的成分,再结合前后文的暗示信息(比如并列结构、时间先后提示、固定搭配要求)确定正确形式,最后把所有答案代入通读,验证语篇逻辑通顺、语法合规即可。
【解析】
1. 空处引导宾语从句作shows的宾语,同时从句中looks like后缺少指代事物的宾语,用连接代词what。
2. 时间状语For over 70年表示动作持续多年,既可以描述过去发生的动作填一般过去式travelled,也可以表示动作延续到当下填现在完成时has travelled。
3. 后文出现Later提示时间先后顺序,此处表示“起初、曾经”,将one变形为Once,句首首字母大写。
4. 空处修饰名词sight(视力),需要用形容词性物主代词,将主格he变为his,表达“他的视力”。
5. 空处修饰动词mentioned,频度副词hardly本身含义为“几乎不”,完全符合语境,无需变形直接填写。
6. 此处表达“拿着放大镜”的伴随状态,用介词with表伴随,句首首字母大写填With。
7. 空处和前面的名词fame(名声)并列,需要把形容词wealthy变为名词形式wealth,意为“财富”。
8. 主句谓语动词是过去式thought,宾语从句时态要和主句呼应,用belong的过去式belonged。
9. 此处特指自然探索者的真正精神,表特指要使用定冠词the。
10. 空处修饰名词curiosity(好奇心),需要把动词end变为形容词endless,意为“无止境的”,符合语境语义。
【答案】
1. what 2. travelled / has travelled
3. Once 4. his 5. hardly 6. With
7. wealth 8. belonged 9. the
10. endless
【知识点】
宾语从句引导词,词性转换,时态辨析
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中阶段语法填空的绝大多数高频考点,难度适中,既考察冠词、介词、代词等基础词法知识,也涉及从句引导词、时态呼应等句法考点,同时依托人物传记的语篇主题,引导学生结合上下文逻辑推导答案,能有效训练学生语篇型语法填空的解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇人物传记类的语篇语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,把握文章介绍植物学家王文采生平事迹的核心主旨,之后逐空结合句子结构、上下文逻辑、词性规则、时态呼应等考点推导答案:首先判断空格在句中充当的成分,再结合前后文的暗示信息(比如并列结构、时间先后提示、固定搭配要求)确定正确形式,最后把所有答案代入通读,验证语篇逻辑通顺、语法合规即可。
【解析】
1. 空处引导宾语从句作shows的宾语,同时从句中looks like后缺少指代事物的宾语,用连接代词what。
2. 时间状语For over 70年表示动作持续多年,既可以描述过去发生的动作填一般过去式travelled,也可以表示动作延续到当下填现在完成时has travelled。
3. 后文出现Later提示时间先后顺序,此处表示“起初、曾经”,将one变形为Once,句首首字母大写。
4. 空处修饰名词sight(视力),需要用形容词性物主代词,将主格he变为his,表达“他的视力”。
5. 空处修饰动词mentioned,频度副词hardly本身含义为“几乎不”,完全符合语境,无需变形直接填写。
6. 此处表达“拿着放大镜”的伴随状态,用介词with表伴随,句首首字母大写填With。
7. 空处和前面的名词fame(名声)并列,需要把形容词wealthy变为名词形式wealth,意为“财富”。
8. 主句谓语动词是过去式thought,宾语从句时态要和主句呼应,用belong的过去式belonged。
9. 此处特指自然探索者的真正精神,表特指要使用定冠词the。
10. 空处修饰名词curiosity(好奇心),需要把动词end变为形容词endless,意为“无止境的”,符合语境语义。
【答案】
1. what 2. travelled / has travelled
3. Once 4. his 5. hardly 6. With
7. wealth 8. belonged 9. the
10. endless
【知识点】
宾语从句引导词,词性转换,时态辨析
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中阶段语法填空的绝大多数高频考点,难度适中,既考察冠词、介词、代词等基础词法知识,也涉及从句引导词、时态呼应等句法考点,同时依托人物传记的语篇主题,引导学生结合上下文逻辑推导答案,能有效训练学生语篇型语法填空的解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅲ.综合填空。用方框中所给单词或短语的
适当形式填空。
amazing, fair, millions of, difficulty,
what, search, lead to, she, look for,
understand
Mary Anning loved to walk along the
beach near her home in England. She always
1.
When she was just twelve, she found
something 2.
bones of an ichthyosaur(鱼龙), an animal
that lived in the sea 3.
She kept 4.
more fossils. Her discoveries helped people
5.
animals had changed over time.
Mary faced many 6.
little money and was not often treated
7.
she never stopped exploring and taught
8.
Her story shows us that curiosity and
perseverance(毅力) can 9.
discoveries. She inspires us to look closely at
nature, because you never know 10.
secrets it might hold.
适当形式填空。
amazing, fair, millions of, difficulty,
what, search, lead to, she, look for,
understand
Mary Anning loved to walk along the
beach near her home in England. She always
1.
looked for
interesting stones and shells.When she was just twelve, she found
something 2.
amazing
in the rocks—thebones of an ichthyosaur(鱼龙), an animal
that lived in the sea 3.
millions of
years ago.She kept 4.
searching
and found manymore fossils. Her discoveries helped people
5.
understand
how old the Earth was and howanimals had changed over time.
Mary faced many 6.
difficulties
. She hadlittle money and was not often treated
7.
fairly
because she was a woman. Butshe never stopped exploring and taught
8.
herself
about rocks and fossils.Her story shows us that curiosity and
perseverance(毅力) can 9.
lead to
greatdiscoveries. She inspires us to look closely at
nature, because you never know 10.
what
secrets it might hold.
答案
Ⅲ.综合填空。
1. looked for 2. amazing
3. millions of 4. searching
5. understand 6. difficulties 7. fairly
8. herself 9. lead to 10. what
1. looked for 2. amazing
3. millions of 4. searching
5. understand 6. difficulties 7. fairly
8. herself 9. lead to 10. what
解析
【分析】
做这类选词填空题,第一步先通读全文,明确本文是介绍古生物探索者Mary Anning的经历的记叙文,整体时态为一般过去时;第二步先逐一梳理方框内10个词/短语的词义和词性,预判可能的变形方向;第三步逐空结合上下文语义、语法规则、固定搭配筛选对应词汇,再调整为符合句子要求的正确形式,最后代入全文通读检查逻辑是否通顺。具体思考逻辑:1空需要谓语动词,对应“寻找石头贝壳”的语义,选look for变过去式;2空修饰不定代词something,用形容词作后置定语,对应“令人惊奇的事物”选amazing;3空修饰years ago表时间跨度,选millions of;4空符合keep doing的固定结构,对应“持续搜寻”选search变动名词;5空符合help sb do sth结构,对应“帮助人们理解”选understand;6空many后接可数名词复数,对应“很多困难”选difficulty变复数;7空修饰动词treated要用副词,对应“公平对待”选fair变副词fairly;8空符合teach oneself自学的固定搭配,对应她自主学习相关知识,填反身代词herself;9空情态动词can后接动词原形,对应“带来伟大发现”选lead to;10空引导宾语从句修饰secrets,表“什么秘密”选what。
【解析】
1. 句意:她总是寻找有趣的石头和贝壳。本文整体叙述过去发生的事件,用一般过去时,结合语义“寻找”,选短语look for,过去式为looked for。
2. 句意:在她只有12岁的时候,她在岩石里发现了某样令人惊奇的东西——鱼龙的骨骼。形容词修饰不定代词要后置,amazing意为“令人惊奇的”,符合语境,直接填amazing。
3. 句意:鱼龙是一种生活在数百万年前的海洋里的动物。millions of是固定短语,意为“数百万的”,修饰可数名词复数years,符合时间语境,填millions of。
4. 句意:她持续搜寻,发现了更多的化石。固定搭配keep doing sth. 表示“一直做某事”,search的动名词形式为searching,填searching。
5. 句意:她的发现帮助人们理解地球的年龄,以及动物是如何随时间演变的。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth. 表示“帮助某人做某事”,understand意为“理解”,用原形即可,填understand。
6. 句意:Mary面临很多困难。many后接可数名词复数,difficulty的复数形式是difficulties,填difficulties。
7. 句意:她几乎没有钱,而且因为她是女性,经常得不到公平的对待。此处修饰动词treated,需要用副词,fair的副词形式是fairly,意为“公平地”,填fairly。
8. 句意:但是她从未停止探索,自学了关于岩石和化石的知识。固定搭配teach oneself意为“自学”,对应主语she的反身代词是herself,填herself。
9. 句意:她的故事向我们展示了好奇心和毅力可以带来伟大的发现。情态动词can后接动词原形,lead to意为“导致、带来”,符合语境,填lead to。
10. 句意:她激励我们仔细观察自然,因为你永远不知道它可能藏有什么秘密。此处引导宾语从句,修饰名词secrets,表“什么”,用引导词what,填what。
【答案】
1. looked for 2. amazing 3. millions of 4. searching 5. understand 6. difficulties 7. fairly 8. herself 9. lead to 10. what
【知识点】
动词时态,词形转换,固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于人物传记类语境选词填空,既考查学生对整篇语篇主旨大意的理解能力,也覆盖了初中阶段常见的词性转换、固定搭配、从句引导词等核心考点,学生解题时需要同时兼顾语义匹配和语法形式的正确性,避免出现选对词汇却忘记变形的常见失误。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类选词填空题,第一步先通读全文,明确本文是介绍古生物探索者Mary Anning的经历的记叙文,整体时态为一般过去时;第二步先逐一梳理方框内10个词/短语的词义和词性,预判可能的变形方向;第三步逐空结合上下文语义、语法规则、固定搭配筛选对应词汇,再调整为符合句子要求的正确形式,最后代入全文通读检查逻辑是否通顺。具体思考逻辑:1空需要谓语动词,对应“寻找石头贝壳”的语义,选look for变过去式;2空修饰不定代词something,用形容词作后置定语,对应“令人惊奇的事物”选amazing;3空修饰years ago表时间跨度,选millions of;4空符合keep doing的固定结构,对应“持续搜寻”选search变动名词;5空符合help sb do sth结构,对应“帮助人们理解”选understand;6空many后接可数名词复数,对应“很多困难”选difficulty变复数;7空修饰动词treated要用副词,对应“公平对待”选fair变副词fairly;8空符合teach oneself自学的固定搭配,对应她自主学习相关知识,填反身代词herself;9空情态动词can后接动词原形,对应“带来伟大发现”选lead to;10空引导宾语从句修饰secrets,表“什么秘密”选what。
【解析】
1. 句意:她总是寻找有趣的石头和贝壳。本文整体叙述过去发生的事件,用一般过去时,结合语义“寻找”,选短语look for,过去式为looked for。
2. 句意:在她只有12岁的时候,她在岩石里发现了某样令人惊奇的东西——鱼龙的骨骼。形容词修饰不定代词要后置,amazing意为“令人惊奇的”,符合语境,直接填amazing。
3. 句意:鱼龙是一种生活在数百万年前的海洋里的动物。millions of是固定短语,意为“数百万的”,修饰可数名词复数years,符合时间语境,填millions of。
4. 句意:她持续搜寻,发现了更多的化石。固定搭配keep doing sth. 表示“一直做某事”,search的动名词形式为searching,填searching。
5. 句意:她的发现帮助人们理解地球的年龄,以及动物是如何随时间演变的。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth. 表示“帮助某人做某事”,understand意为“理解”,用原形即可,填understand。
6. 句意:Mary面临很多困难。many后接可数名词复数,difficulty的复数形式是difficulties,填difficulties。
7. 句意:她几乎没有钱,而且因为她是女性,经常得不到公平的对待。此处修饰动词treated,需要用副词,fair的副词形式是fairly,意为“公平地”,填fairly。
8. 句意:但是她从未停止探索,自学了关于岩石和化石的知识。固定搭配teach oneself意为“自学”,对应主语she的反身代词是herself,填herself。
9. 句意:她的故事向我们展示了好奇心和毅力可以带来伟大的发现。情态动词can后接动词原形,lead to意为“导致、带来”,符合语境,填lead to。
10. 句意:她激励我们仔细观察自然,因为你永远不知道它可能藏有什么秘密。此处引导宾语从句,修饰名词secrets,表“什么”,用引导词what,填what。
【答案】
1. looked for 2. amazing 3. millions of 4. searching 5. understand 6. difficulties 7. fairly 8. herself 9. lead to 10. what
【知识点】
动词时态,词形转换,固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于人物传记类语境选词填空,既考查学生对整篇语篇主旨大意的理解能力,也覆盖了初中阶段常见的词性转换、固定搭配、从句引导词等核心考点,学生解题时需要同时兼顾语义匹配和语法形式的正确性,避免出现选对词汇却忘记变形的常见失误。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅳ.完形填空。
After the rain, you can sometimes see a
rainbow in the sky. It is one of nature's most
beautiful 1. In the past, people told
2 about rainbows. Some thought they
were magic or a bridge between heaven and
earth, while others believed it held a hidden
treasure at its end.
3, science now gives us the true
story. A rainbow appears when sunlight
goes 4 tiny water drops in the air. The
light 5 and breaks into 6 colors.
That's 7 we see red, orange, yellow,
and more. This bending of light is called
refraction, and each colour bends at a
slightly different angle, creating the
beautiful band of colors we admire.
There is no real pot of gold at its end,
but the real treasure is 8. This shows
that many natural wonders have a scientific
9. Next time you see a rainbow,
remember it is not magic—it's science!
10 such things helps us enjoy the
amazing world we live in. It teaches us to
appreciate not only what we see, but also
the fascinating natural laws working
behind it.
(
C. arguments D. models
(
C. stories D. facts
(
C. And D. Or
(
C. through D. behind
(
C. disappears D. unlocks
(
C. difficult D. hard
(
C. when D. why
(
C. knowledge D. wealth
(
C. method D. explanation
(
C. Explored D. Explore
After the rain, you can sometimes see a
rainbow in the sky. It is one of nature's most
beautiful 1. In the past, people told
2 about rainbows. Some thought they
were magic or a bridge between heaven and
earth, while others believed it held a hidden
treasure at its end.
3, science now gives us the true
story. A rainbow appears when sunlight
goes 4 tiny water drops in the air. The
light 5 and breaks into 6 colors.
That's 7 we see red, orange, yellow,
and more. This bending of light is called
refraction, and each colour bends at a
slightly different angle, creating the
beautiful band of colors we admire.
There is no real pot of gold at its end,
but the real treasure is 8. This shows
that many natural wonders have a scientific
9. Next time you see a rainbow,
remember it is not magic—it's science!
10 such things helps us enjoy the
amazing world we live in. It teaches us to
appreciate not only what we see, but also
the fascinating natural laws working
behind it.
(
B
)1. A. species B. sightsC. arguments D. models
(
C
)2. A. jokes B. liesC. stories D. facts
(
B
)3. A. So B. HoweverC. And D. Or
(
C
)4. A. under B. overC. through D. behind
(
B
)5. A. stops B. bendsC. disappears D. unlocks
(
A
)6. A. different B. toughC. difficult D. hard
(
D
)7. A. how B. whereC. when D. why
(
C
)8. A. water B. findingC. knowledge D. wealth
(
D
)9. A. style B. prizeC. method D. explanation
(
A
)10. A. Exploring B. To exploreC. Explored D. Explore
答案
Ⅳ.完形填空。
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,理清文章整体大意:本文围绕彩虹展开,先介绍过去人们对彩虹的奇幻传说,再讲解彩虹形成的科学原理,最后点明探索自然规律的意义。解题时逐空结合上下文语境辨析选项词义,同时判断句间逻辑关系、对照固定搭配和语法规则,排除不符合语境和语法的错误选项,最后把选定答案代入全文通读,验证整体逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 第1空:句意为“它是自然界最美丽的景观之一”。A. species物种;B. sights景观、风景;C. arguments争论;D. models模型,彩虹属于典型的自然景观,选B。
2. 第2空:句意为“过去人们讲述关于彩虹的故事”,后文列举了不同人群对彩虹的奇幻想象传说,tell stories是固定搭配表示“讲故事”,A. jokes笑话;B. lies谎言;C. stories故事;D. facts事实,选C。
3. 第3空:前文讲过去人们对彩虹的各类奇幻想象,后文说现代科学给出了彩虹的真实原理,前后是转折关系,A. So所以(因果关系);B. However然而(转折关系);C. And和(并列关系);D. Or或者(选择关系),选B。
4. 第4空:句意为“当阳光穿过空气中的微小水滴时,彩虹就会出现”,光线是从水滴的内部穿过,A. under在……下方;B. over在……上方越过;C. through穿过(物体内部);D. behind在……后面,选C。
5. 第5空:后文明确提到“This bending of light is called refraction(这种光的弯曲叫做折射)”,对应本句的光线发生弯曲,A. stops停止;B. bends弯曲;C. disappears消失;D. unlocks解锁,选B。
6. 第6空:句意为光线分解成不同的颜色,后文列举了红、橙、黄等多种色彩,A. different不同的;B. tough艰难的;C. difficult困难的;D. hard坚硬的,选A。
7. 第7空:句意为“那就是为什么我们能看到红、橙、黄等多种颜色”,此处表原因,用why引导表语从句,A. how如何;B. where哪里;C. when何时;D. why为什么,选D。
8. 第8空:前文提到彩虹尽头没有真正的金罐,转折说明真正的宝藏是相关的科学知识,对应后文提到的自然规律,A. water水;B. finding发现;C. knowledge知识;D. wealth财富,选C。
9. 第9空:句意为“这表明很多自然奇观都有科学的解释”,A. style风格;B. prize奖项;C. method方法;D. explanation解释,选D。
10. 第10空:本空在句中作主语,表示泛指“探索这类事物”的行为,要用动名词形式,A. Exploring动名词,可作主语表泛指动作;B. To explore不定式作主语多表具体将要发生的动作;C. Explored过去分词不能作主语;D. Explore动词原形不能作主语,选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A
【知识点】
词义辨析,逻辑连词,动名词作主语
【点评】
这篇完形填空主题贴近生活,将彩虹的科普常识和英语考点结合,既考察了学生对名动介词的词义辨析、上下文语境理解能力,也覆盖了转折逻辑判断、非谓语动词的基础语法点,难度适中,同时能让学生在做题过程中了解彩虹的形成原理,兼具知识性和趣味性。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,理清文章整体大意:本文围绕彩虹展开,先介绍过去人们对彩虹的奇幻传说,再讲解彩虹形成的科学原理,最后点明探索自然规律的意义。解题时逐空结合上下文语境辨析选项词义,同时判断句间逻辑关系、对照固定搭配和语法规则,排除不符合语境和语法的错误选项,最后把选定答案代入全文通读,验证整体逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 第1空:句意为“它是自然界最美丽的景观之一”。A. species物种;B. sights景观、风景;C. arguments争论;D. models模型,彩虹属于典型的自然景观,选B。
2. 第2空:句意为“过去人们讲述关于彩虹的故事”,后文列举了不同人群对彩虹的奇幻想象传说,tell stories是固定搭配表示“讲故事”,A. jokes笑话;B. lies谎言;C. stories故事;D. facts事实,选C。
3. 第3空:前文讲过去人们对彩虹的各类奇幻想象,后文说现代科学给出了彩虹的真实原理,前后是转折关系,A. So所以(因果关系);B. However然而(转折关系);C. And和(并列关系);D. Or或者(选择关系),选B。
4. 第4空:句意为“当阳光穿过空气中的微小水滴时,彩虹就会出现”,光线是从水滴的内部穿过,A. under在……下方;B. over在……上方越过;C. through穿过(物体内部);D. behind在……后面,选C。
5. 第5空:后文明确提到“This bending of light is called refraction(这种光的弯曲叫做折射)”,对应本句的光线发生弯曲,A. stops停止;B. bends弯曲;C. disappears消失;D. unlocks解锁,选B。
6. 第6空:句意为光线分解成不同的颜色,后文列举了红、橙、黄等多种色彩,A. different不同的;B. tough艰难的;C. difficult困难的;D. hard坚硬的,选A。
7. 第7空:句意为“那就是为什么我们能看到红、橙、黄等多种颜色”,此处表原因,用why引导表语从句,A. how如何;B. where哪里;C. when何时;D. why为什么,选D。
8. 第8空:前文提到彩虹尽头没有真正的金罐,转折说明真正的宝藏是相关的科学知识,对应后文提到的自然规律,A. water水;B. finding发现;C. knowledge知识;D. wealth财富,选C。
9. 第9空:句意为“这表明很多自然奇观都有科学的解释”,A. style风格;B. prize奖项;C. method方法;D. explanation解释,选D。
10. 第10空:本空在句中作主语,表示泛指“探索这类事物”的行为,要用动名词形式,A. Exploring动名词,可作主语表泛指动作;B. To explore不定式作主语多表具体将要发生的动作;C. Explored过去分词不能作主语;D. Explore动词原形不能作主语,选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.D 10.A
【知识点】
词义辨析,逻辑连词,动名词作主语
【点评】
这篇完形填空主题贴近生活,将彩虹的科普常识和英语考点结合,既考察了学生对名动介词的词义辨析、上下文语境理解能力,也覆盖了转折逻辑判断、非谓语动词的基础语法点,难度适中,同时能让学生在做题过程中了解彩虹的形成原理,兼具知识性和趣味性。
【难度系数】
0.7
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