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5.四、阅读与回答问题
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
体裁：说明文
主题：自然景观
难度：★★★★
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848.86 metres high. It's called "the Roof of the World". But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called "the Roof of Africa".
Climb lovers' dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro
It is one of the world's highest "walkable" mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve.
The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro
It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on October 6th, 1889.
The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro
Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but research said that it might disappear.
One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming(全球变暖). The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly.
1. How high is Mount Kilimanjaro?
2. When will many people choose to climb Mount Kilimanjaro?
3. Who were the first people to reach the top of Mount Kilimanjaro?
4. How long has the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro existed?
5. Is it possible for us to stop global warming? If so, what can we do? (If not, why?)
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
体裁：说明文
主题：自然景观
难度：★★★★
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848.86 metres high. It's called "the Roof of the World". But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called "the Roof of Africa".
Climb lovers' dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro
It is one of the world's highest "walkable" mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve.
The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro
It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on October 6th, 1889.
The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro
Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but research said that it might disappear.
One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming(全球变暖). The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly.
1. How high is Mount Kilimanjaro?
2. When will many people choose to climb Mount Kilimanjaro?
3. Who were the first people to reach the top of Mount Kilimanjaro?
4. How long has the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro existed?
5. Is it possible for us to stop global warming? If so, what can we do? (If not, why?)
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲最高峰——乞力马扎罗山。
1. It's 5,895 metres above sea level. 根据第一段“It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level”可知乞力马扎罗山海拔 5895 米。
2. They'll choose to climb during the mountain's two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. 根据第二段“many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two ‘dry’ seasons, January to March and June to October”可知许多人会选择在 1 月至 3 月和 6 月至 10 月这两个“干燥”季节登山。
3. Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. 根据第三段“It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller.”可知最早到达山顶的是汉斯·迈耶和路德维希·普尔茨舍勒。
4. For about 11,000 years. 根据第四段“There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago”可知乞力马扎罗山雪帽形成于大约 11000 年前。
5. Yes, it is. We can go to school by bike instead of taking cars./No, it isn't. Because humans are too weak.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
1. It's 5,895 metres above sea level. 根据第一段“It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level”可知乞力马扎罗山海拔 5895 米。
2. They'll choose to climb during the mountain's two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. 根据第二段“many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two ‘dry’ seasons, January to March and June to October”可知许多人会选择在 1 月至 3 月和 6 月至 10 月这两个“干燥”季节登山。
3. Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. 根据第三段“It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller.”可知最早到达山顶的是汉斯·迈耶和路德维希·普尔茨舍勒。
4. For about 11,000 years. 根据第四段“There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago”可知乞力马扎罗山雪帽形成于大约 11000 年前。
5. Yes, it is. We can go to school by bike instead of taking cars./No, it isn't. Because humans are too weak.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍乞力马扎罗山的说明文阅读问答题，解题思路如下：1. 前4道属于细节类问题，先圈出题干中的核心关键词，比如第1题的关键词是How high、Mount Kilimanjaro，第2题的关键词是When、choose to climb，带着关键词回到原文对应段落快速定位语句，直接提取匹配的准确信息即可作答；2. 第5道是开放性拓展问题，结合日常积累的环保相关常识，先明确表态，再给出合理的理由或可行的措施，保证语句通顺、言之有理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位题干关键词“Mount Kilimanjaro、How high”，回到原文第一段找到对应语句“It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level”，直接提取信息作答即可。
2. 定位题干关键词“choose to climb”，回到原文第二段找到对应语句“many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October”，提取对应时间信息作答。
3. 定位题干关键词“the first people to reach the top”，回到原文第三段找到对应语句“It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller”，提取人名信息作答。
4. 定位题干关键词“snow cap、existed”，回到原文第四段找到对应语句“It formed about 11,000 years ago”，由此可知雪帽已经存在大约11000年，整理信息作答即可。
5. 本题为开放性试题，没有唯一标准答案，既可以给出肯定回答，列举绿色出行、节约资源等可行的减缓全球变暖的措施，也可以给出否定回答，说明对应的合理原因，表意通顺符合逻辑即可。
【答案】
1. It's 5,895 metres above sea level.
2. They'll choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October.
3. Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller.
4. For about 11,000 years.
5. Yes, it is. We can go to school by bike instead of taking cars./No, it isn't. Because humans are too weak.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文信息提取，环保常识应用
【点评】
本题属于典型的事实细节类阅读问答题，前4道题全部可以通过原文定位直接获取答案，能够有效锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，最后一道开放设问跳出文本，引导学生结合生活实际思考全球变暖的相关应对方法，在考察语言输出能力的同时渗透了环保理念，整体区分度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍乞力马扎罗山的说明文阅读问答题，解题思路如下：1. 前4道属于细节类问题，先圈出题干中的核心关键词，比如第1题的关键词是How high、Mount Kilimanjaro，第2题的关键词是When、choose to climb，带着关键词回到原文对应段落快速定位语句，直接提取匹配的准确信息即可作答；2. 第5道是开放性拓展问题，结合日常积累的环保相关常识，先明确表态，再给出合理的理由或可行的措施，保证语句通顺、言之有理即可。
【解析】
1. 定位题干关键词“Mount Kilimanjaro、How high”，回到原文第一段找到对应语句“It is one of the most beautiful places on earth, which is 5,895 metres above sea level”，直接提取信息作答即可。
2. 定位题干关键词“choose to climb”，回到原文第二段找到对应语句“many people will choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October”，提取对应时间信息作答。
3. 定位题干关键词“the first people to reach the top”，回到原文第三段找到对应语句“It's believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller”，提取人名信息作答。
4. 定位题干关键词“snow cap、existed”，回到原文第四段找到对应语句“It formed about 11,000 years ago”，由此可知雪帽已经存在大约11000年，整理信息作答即可。
5. 本题为开放性试题，没有唯一标准答案，既可以给出肯定回答，列举绿色出行、节约资源等可行的减缓全球变暖的措施，也可以给出否定回答，说明对应的合理原因，表意通顺符合逻辑即可。
【答案】
1. It's 5,895 metres above sea level.
2. They'll choose to climb during the mountain's two "dry" seasons, January to March and June to October.
3. Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller.
4. For about 11,000 years.
5. Yes, it is. We can go to school by bike instead of taking cars./No, it isn't. Because humans are too weak.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，说明文信息提取，环保常识应用
【点评】
本题属于典型的事实细节类阅读问答题，前4道题全部可以通过原文定位直接获取答案，能够有效锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，最后一道开放设问跳出文本，引导学生结合生活实际思考全球变暖的相关应对方法，在考察语言输出能力的同时渗透了环保理念，整体区分度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
