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三、阅读七选五
阅读下面短文,然后根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁：说明文
主题：文化差异
难度：★★★★★
新素养·语言能力 British people talk about the weather a lot—even when they're not actually talking about weather itself. When you meet someone in the street, you don't need to say, "How are you?" You just say, "Lovely day, isn't it?" or "Goodness, it's cold!" and straight away you seem like a nice person. 1
My Chinese is OK—but only OK. I can order food and buy T-shirts, but what I really want to do is have a chat with Chinese people in a friendly way. So I asked my Chinese teacher how to ask "How's the weather?" in Chinese. I was surprised at his response. "Only scientists and weather forecasters use the word 'weather'—it's very technical," he said.
In Britain, people like to really discuss(讨论) the weather. 2 They know the difference between "cloudy" and "overcast"; they want to know whether it's "pouring", "drizzling" or just "spitting" with rain.
However, in Chinese weather is often just "good" or "not good". So how do Chinese people make a small talk? 3 In Chinese, it is: Ni chi le ma? If British people talk about the weather all the time, it is nothing compared with how much Chinese people talk about food.
4 You could tell the time by looking at what kind of food is being served by street vendors (小贩). Rice porridge and baozi in the morning, corn at lunch, egg pancakes at dinner, and meat, meat, meat, all hours of the day and night.
5 So it shouldn't be too hard for anyone to get used to this kind of chat. The question is, what will British people think when someone has spent time in China, then goes home and can't stop discussing their eating habits? Too many food discussions might make British listeners feel lost.
A. Such greetings can help make more friends.
B. Food is common here as the weather in Britain.
C. Food might reflect(反映) different times of day.
D. That's because Britain's weather is always changing.
E. They like to use exact words to describe(描述) weather.
F. Their conversation often starts with "Have you eaten?" instead.
G. It is common for people around the world to talk about the weather.
阅读下面短文,然后根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁：说明文
主题：文化差异
难度：★★★★★
新素养·语言能力 British people talk about the weather a lot—even when they're not actually talking about weather itself. When you meet someone in the street, you don't need to say, "How are you?" You just say, "Lovely day, isn't it?" or "Goodness, it's cold!" and straight away you seem like a nice person. 1
My Chinese is OK—but only OK. I can order food and buy T-shirts, but what I really want to do is have a chat with Chinese people in a friendly way. So I asked my Chinese teacher how to ask "How's the weather?" in Chinese. I was surprised at his response. "Only scientists and weather forecasters use the word 'weather'—it's very technical," he said.
In Britain, people like to really discuss(讨论) the weather. 2 They know the difference between "cloudy" and "overcast"; they want to know whether it's "pouring", "drizzling" or just "spitting" with rain.
However, in Chinese weather is often just "good" or "not good". So how do Chinese people make a small talk? 3 In Chinese, it is: Ni chi le ma? If British people talk about the weather all the time, it is nothing compared with how much Chinese people talk about food.
4 You could tell the time by looking at what kind of food is being served by street vendors (小贩). Rice porridge and baozi in the morning, corn at lunch, egg pancakes at dinner, and meat, meat, meat, all hours of the day and night.
5 So it shouldn't be too hard for anyone to get used to this kind of chat. The question is, what will British people think when someone has spent time in China, then goes home and can't stop discussing their eating habits? Too many food discussions might make British listeners feel lost.
A. Such greetings can help make more friends.
B. Food is common here as the weather in Britain.
C. Food might reflect(反映) different times of day.
D. That's because Britain's weather is always changing.
E. They like to use exact words to describe(描述) weather.
F. Their conversation often starts with "Have you eaten?" instead.
G. It is common for people around the world to talk about the weather.
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中英日常聊天话题的差异。
1. A 根据上文“You just say, ‘Lovely day, isn't it?’ or ‘Goodness, it's cold!’ and straight away you seem like a nice person.”可知在街上和人打招呼说关于天气的话会让你看起来像个好人，A 项“这样的问候有助于交到更多的朋友。”对上文内容进一步说明。故选 A。
2. E 上文“In Britain, people like to really discuss the weather.”提到英国人喜欢讨论天气，下文“They know the difference between ‘cloudy’ and ‘overcast’; they want to know whether it's ‘pouring’, ‘drizzling’ or just ‘spitting’ with rain.”列举了英国人知道描述阴天和雨天的精确词语，E 项“他们喜欢用精确的词语来描述天气。”承上启下。故选 E。
3. F 上文“So how do Chinese people make a small talk?”提问中国人如何聊天，下文“In Chinese, it is: Ni chi le ma?”给出中文“你吃了吗？”，F 项“相反，他们的对话经常以‘你吃了吗？’开始。”承上启下。故选 F。
4. C 根据下文“You could tell the time by looking at what kind of food is being served by street vendors.”可知可以通过街头小贩提供的食物来判断时间，C 项“食物可能反映一天中的不同时间。”总结下文的内容。故选 C。
5. B 下文“So it shouldn't be too hard for anyone to get used to this kind of chat.”提到任何人都会习惯这种聊天，B 项“食物在这里很常见，就像英国的天气一样。”解释了在中国通过食物聊天就像在英国讨论天气一样普遍，总结上文的内容，与下文是因果关系。故选 B。
1. A 根据上文“You just say, ‘Lovely day, isn't it?’ or ‘Goodness, it's cold!’ and straight away you seem like a nice person.”可知在街上和人打招呼说关于天气的话会让你看起来像个好人，A 项“这样的问候有助于交到更多的朋友。”对上文内容进一步说明。故选 A。
2. E 上文“In Britain, people like to really discuss the weather.”提到英国人喜欢讨论天气，下文“They know the difference between ‘cloudy’ and ‘overcast’; they want to know whether it's ‘pouring’, ‘drizzling’ or just ‘spitting’ with rain.”列举了英国人知道描述阴天和雨天的精确词语，E 项“他们喜欢用精确的词语来描述天气。”承上启下。故选 E。
3. F 上文“So how do Chinese people make a small talk?”提问中国人如何聊天，下文“In Chinese, it is: Ni chi le ma?”给出中文“你吃了吗？”，F 项“相反，他们的对话经常以‘你吃了吗？’开始。”承上启下。故选 F。
4. C 根据下文“You could tell the time by looking at what kind of food is being served by street vendors.”可知可以通过街头小贩提供的食物来判断时间，C 项“食物可能反映一天中的不同时间。”总结下文的内容。故选 C。
5. B 下文“So it shouldn't be too hard for anyone to get used to this kind of chat.”提到任何人都会习惯这种聊天，B 项“食物在这里很常见，就像英国的天气一样。”解释了在中国通过食物聊天就像在英国讨论天气一样普遍，总结上文的内容，与下文是因果关系。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇七选五首先通读全文，明确核心主题是介绍中英日常寒暄的文化差异：英国人习惯以聊天气开启对话，中国人的闲聊常以询问饮食相关内容为切入点。接下来逐空定位上下文线索：
1. 第一空前文提到和路人聊天气打招呼会立刻给人留下友善的印象，需要延伸这种问候方式的积极作用，匹配对应选项。
2. 第二空前文说明英国人喜欢深入讨论天气，后文又列举了大量区分度极高的描述天气的精准词汇，需要找承上启下、衔接前后内容的句子。
3. 第三空前提出疑问“中国人是怎么进行闲聊的”，后文紧接着给出中文寒暄语“你吃了吗”，需要填入衔接问题和答案的过渡句。
4. 第四空后文提到可以通过街边摊贩售卖的食物种类判断时间，该空的句子要能总领后文“食物和时段对应”的内容。
5. 第五空后文说明大家适应这种以食物为话题的闲聊并不难，需要填入能解释该结论原因的句子，把中国聊食物和英国聊天气的熟悉感关联起来，最后排除多余选项验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文指出和路人用天气相关内容打招呼，会立刻让你看起来是个友善的人，A选项“这样的问候有助于交到更多的朋友”是对前文这种寒暄方式的积极意义的进一步延伸，逻辑连贯，故选A。
2. 空2：前文提到英国人很喜欢深入讨论天气，后文详细列举了他们能准确区分“多云”和“阴天”、不同等级降雨的描述词汇，E选项“他们喜欢用精确的词语来描述天气”既承接上文英国人爱讨论天气的特点，又引出后文列举各类精准天气词汇的内容，起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
3. 空3：前文抛出问题“中国人是怎么进行闲聊的呢？”，后文紧接着给出了中文的寒暄语“你吃了吗”，F选项“相反，他们的对话经常以‘你吃了吗？’开始”直接回应了前文的问题，同时引出后文的中文例句，衔接自然，故选F。
4. 空4：后文说明你可以通过街边摊贩售卖的食物种类判断时间，不同时段对应不同的特色食物，C选项“食物可能反映一天中的不同时间”刚好总领后文的内容，和下文细节完全对应，故选C。
5. 空5：后文提到任何人要适应这种以食物为话题的闲聊都不会太难，B选项“食物在这里很常见，就像英国的天气一样”解释了原因：在中国聊食物的普及度和英国聊天气的普及度是一样的，大家很容易适应，和后文构成因果逻辑，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. B
【知识点】
七选五逻辑衔接，中英文化差异，日常交际用语
【点评】
本题属于文化类说明文七选五，核心考察学生通过上下文线索定位过渡句、主旨句的能力，题目围绕大众熟悉的中英寒暄差异展开，趣味性较强，解题时重点要抓住每处空白前后的逻辑关联，区分承上启下句、总起句的不同功能，避免被无关选项误导。
【难度系数】
0.4
拿到这篇七选五首先通读全文，明确核心主题是介绍中英日常寒暄的文化差异：英国人习惯以聊天气开启对话，中国人的闲聊常以询问饮食相关内容为切入点。接下来逐空定位上下文线索：
1. 第一空前文提到和路人聊天气打招呼会立刻给人留下友善的印象，需要延伸这种问候方式的积极作用，匹配对应选项。
2. 第二空前文说明英国人喜欢深入讨论天气，后文又列举了大量区分度极高的描述天气的精准词汇，需要找承上启下、衔接前后内容的句子。
3. 第三空前提出疑问“中国人是怎么进行闲聊的”，后文紧接着给出中文寒暄语“你吃了吗”，需要填入衔接问题和答案的过渡句。
4. 第四空后文提到可以通过街边摊贩售卖的食物种类判断时间，该空的句子要能总领后文“食物和时段对应”的内容。
5. 第五空后文说明大家适应这种以食物为话题的闲聊并不难，需要填入能解释该结论原因的句子，把中国聊食物和英国聊天气的熟悉感关联起来，最后排除多余选项验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文指出和路人用天气相关内容打招呼，会立刻让你看起来是个友善的人，A选项“这样的问候有助于交到更多的朋友”是对前文这种寒暄方式的积极意义的进一步延伸，逻辑连贯，故选A。
2. 空2：前文提到英国人很喜欢深入讨论天气，后文详细列举了他们能准确区分“多云”和“阴天”、不同等级降雨的描述词汇，E选项“他们喜欢用精确的词语来描述天气”既承接上文英国人爱讨论天气的特点，又引出后文列举各类精准天气词汇的内容，起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
3. 空3：前文抛出问题“中国人是怎么进行闲聊的呢？”，后文紧接着给出了中文的寒暄语“你吃了吗”，F选项“相反，他们的对话经常以‘你吃了吗？’开始”直接回应了前文的问题，同时引出后文的中文例句，衔接自然，故选F。
4. 空4：后文说明你可以通过街边摊贩售卖的食物种类判断时间，不同时段对应不同的特色食物，C选项“食物可能反映一天中的不同时间”刚好总领后文的内容，和下文细节完全对应，故选C。
5. 空5：后文提到任何人要适应这种以食物为话题的闲聊都不会太难，B选项“食物在这里很常见，就像英国的天气一样”解释了原因：在中国聊食物的普及度和英国聊天气的普及度是一样的，大家很容易适应，和后文构成因果逻辑，故选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. E 3. F 4. C 5. B
【知识点】
七选五逻辑衔接，中英文化差异，日常交际用语
【点评】
本题属于文化类说明文七选五，核心考察学生通过上下文线索定位过渡句、主旨句的能力，题目围绕大众熟悉的中英寒暄差异展开，趣味性较强，解题时重点要抓住每处空白前后的逻辑关联，区分承上启下句、总起句的不同功能，避免被无关选项误导。
【难度系数】
0.4
