2026年初中同步练习册八年级英语下册鲁教版54制山东友谊出版社第4页答案
二、句子
(一)看图写话。


答案

Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.

解析

【分析】首先观察图片,识别图中人物是钱学森,题目要求结合图片写英文句子,需围绕钱学森的相关信息组织正确的英文表达,结合参考答案确定内容为钱学森的出生信息,据此完成作答。
【解析】根据图片人物为钱学森,按照题目要求写出对应的正确英文句子,即“Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.”
【答案】Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.
【知识点】英语句子书写、人物介绍
【点评】本题考察学生的人物识别能力与基础英文句子表达能力,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6
(二)英汉互译。
1. 1810 年 3 月 1 日,肖邦出生于波兰的一个小村庄。


2. Today many piano music lovers still listen to his famous works such as Minute Waltz.


3. 许多年轻人都仰慕这些著名的作家。

4. I want to know when The Beatles broke up.

5. I spent all my free time on football practice.

6. 你知道一个叫弗兰克的男孩吗?

答案

1. Chopin was born in a small village in Poland on March 1, 1810.
2. 现在许多钢琴乐爱好者仍然在听他的名曲,例如《一分钟圆舞曲》。
3. Many young people admire these famous writers.
4. 我想知道披头士乐队是什么时候解散的。
5. 我把自己所有的空闲时间都用在足球训练上了。
6. Do you know a boy called Frank?

解析

【分析】
英汉互译的核心是准确转换语义,需先明确原句的核心含义,再对应目标语言的词汇、固定搭配及句式结构,同时注意专有名词(人物、乐队、作品名等)的规范译法,以及时态、语态的正确使用,确保译文符合目标语言的表达习惯。
【解析】
1. 中文句子描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时被动语态,“出生于”对应固定短语be born in,具体日期前用介词on,专有名词“肖邦”译为Chopin,“波兰”译为Poland,组合得到:Chopin was born in a small village in Poland on March 1, 1810.
2. 英文句子中,“piano music lovers”译为“钢琴乐爱好者”,“famous works”译为“名曲”,“such as”译为“例如”,专有作品名“Minute Waltz”译为《一分钟圆舞曲》,调整语序符合中文表达,得到:现在许多钢琴乐爱好者仍然在听他的名曲,例如《一分钟圆舞曲》。
3. 中文“仰慕”对应动词admire,“许多年轻人”译为Many young people,“这些著名的作家”译为these famous writers,用一般现在时,得到:Many young people admire these famous writers.
4. 英文中“The Beatles”是乐队名,译为“披头士乐队”,“break up”译为“解散”,宾语从句按中文语序调整,得到:我想知道披头士乐队是什么时候解散的。
5. 英文固定搭配“spend...on...”译为“把……花在……上”,“all my free time”译为“我所有的空闲时间”,“football practice”译为“足球训练”,一般过去时译为:我把自己所有的空闲时间都用在足球训练上了。
6. 中文“一个叫弗兰克的男孩”用过去分词作定语,对应a boy called Frank,“你知道……吗?”译为Do you know...? 得到:Do you know a boy called Frank?
【答案】
1. Chopin was born in a small village in Poland on March 1, 1810.
2. 现在许多钢琴乐爱好者仍然在听他的名曲,例如《一分钟圆舞曲》。
3. Many young people admire these famous writers.
4. 我想知道披头士乐队是什么时候解散的。
5. 我把自己所有的空闲时间都用在足球训练上了。
6. Do you know a boy called Frank?
【知识点】
英汉互译技巧、专有名词翻译、固定搭配运用
【点评】
本题为基础英汉互译题,侧重考查核心词汇、固定短语及基本句式的掌握,需注意专有名词的规范译法和时态的正确使用,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、语篇
(一)选词填空。
根据短文内容,选择适当的单词填空,使短文意思完整。每个单词仅使用一次,有一个多余单词。
him, funnier, met, laugh, another, never, jokes, interesting, quiet, tired, speak
Mark Twain, the famous America writer, liked to play
jokes
on others. But once a joke was played on
him
. One day Mark Twain was invited to give a talk in a small town. At lunch he
met
a young man, one of his friends. The young man said that he had an uncle with him. He told Twain that his uncle
never
laughed or smiled, and that nobody and nothing was able to make his uncle smile or laugh. “You bring your uncle to my talk tonight,” said Mark Twain, “I'm sure I can make him
laugh
.”
That evening the young man and his uncle sat in the front. Mark Twain began to
speak
. He told several funny stories. This made everyone in the room laugh. But the man's uncle never even smiled. Mark Twain told
funnier
stories, but the old man still kept
quiet
. Mark Twain kept telling funny stories. Finally, he stopped. He was
tired
and quite disappointed(失望的). Some days later, Mark Twain told
another
friend of his about what had happened. “Oh,” said his friend, “I know that old man. He has been deaf(聋的) for years.”
1.
jokes
2.
him
3.
met
4.
never
5.
laugh
6.
speak
7.
funnier
8.
quiet
9.
tired
10.
another

答案

1. jokes 2. him 3. met 4. never 5. laugh 6. speak 7. funnier 8. quiet 9. tired 10. another

解析

【分析】
首先通读短文,理解文章大意:本文讲述了马克·吐温被人捉弄的故事。解题时需结合每个空的前后语境、固定搭配及语法规则,从给定单词中选择合适的词,且每个词仅用一次。先梳理每个空的语境:1处需填与play搭配表“捉弄”的词;2处需填宾格代词指代马克·吐温;3处需填表“遇见”的过去式动词;4处需填表否定的副词;5处需填使役动词make后的动词原形;6处需填表“讲话”的动词;7处需填形容词比较级修饰stories;8处需填表状态的形容词;9处需填表感受的形容词;10处需填表“另一个”的限定词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配play jokes on意为“捉弄”,故填jokes;
2. 介词on后需用宾格代词,指代马克·吐温,故填him;
3. 描述过去午餐时的动作,用meet的过去式met,意为“遇见”,故填met;
4. 结合后文“没人能让他笑”,可知此处表否定,填never;
5. 固定搭配make sb do sth,意为“让某人做某事”,故填动词原形laugh;
6. 马克·吐温开始演讲,begin to speak意为“开始讲话”,故填speak;
7. 前文讲了有趣的故事,此处表示“更有趣的”故事,用funnier;
8. 结合语境,老人保持安静,keep后接形容词quiet,故填quiet;
9. 马克·吐温多次讲故事后感到疲惫,填tired;
10. 表示“另一个朋友”,用another,故填another。
【答案】
1. jokes 2. him 3. met 4. never 5. laugh 6. speak 7. funnier 8. quiet 9. tired 10. another
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词过去式、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题为英语选词填空题,考查词汇在语境中的运用,需结合上下文及固定搭配选择单词,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6