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一、翻译句子
1. 我昨天买了一本书。
2. 他上周去了北京。
3. 他们昨晚看了一场精彩的足球比赛。
4. 她昨天在公园里遇见了她的老朋友。
5. 我爸爸去年教我们数学。
1. 我昨天买了一本书。
I bought a book yesterday.
2. 他上周去了北京。
He went to Beijing last week.
3. 他们昨晚看了一场精彩的足球比赛。
They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. 她昨天在公园里遇见了她的老朋友。
She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. 我爸爸去年教我们数学。
My father taught us math last year.
答案
1. I bought a book yesterday.
2. He went to Beijing last week.
3. They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. My father taught us math last year.
2. He went to Beijing last week.
3. They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. My father taught us math last year.
解析
【分析】首先，明确这五道题均为一般过去时的陈述句翻译，需先抓住句中的过去时间状语（如“昨天”“上周”等），确定谓语动词要使用过去式；接着按照“主语+谓语（过去式）+宾语+其他成分+时间状语”的基本结构，结合词汇的准确翻译来组织句子，注意时间状语通常置于句末。
【解析】1. 主语“我”对应I，“买”的过去式为bought，“一本书”是a book，“昨天”是yesterday，组合为I bought a book yesterday.
2. 主语“他”对应He，“去”的过去式为went，“北京”是Beijing，“上周”是last week，组合为He went to Beijing last week.
3. 主语“他们”对应They，“看（比赛）”的过去式为watched，“一场精彩的足球比赛”是a wonderful football match，“昨晚”是last night，组合为They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. 主语“她”对应She，“遇见”的过去式为met，“她的老朋友”是her old friend，“在公园里”是in the park，“昨天”是yesterday，组合为She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. 主语“我爸爸”对应My father，“教”的过去式为taught，“我们”是us（宾格），“数学”是math，“去年”是last year，组合为My father taught us math last year.
【答案】1. I bought a book yesterday.
2. He went to Beijing last week.
3. They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. My father taught us math last year.
【知识点】一般过去时；动词过去式；句子翻译
【点评】本题为英语基础题型，考察学生对一般过去时结构、常用动词过去式及基础词汇的掌握，难度较低，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 主语“我”对应I，“买”的过去式为bought，“一本书”是a book，“昨天”是yesterday，组合为I bought a book yesterday.
2. 主语“他”对应He，“去”的过去式为went，“北京”是Beijing，“上周”是last week，组合为He went to Beijing last week.
3. 主语“他们”对应They，“看（比赛）”的过去式为watched，“一场精彩的足球比赛”是a wonderful football match，“昨晚”是last night，组合为They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. 主语“她”对应She，“遇见”的过去式为met，“她的老朋友”是her old friend，“在公园里”是in the park，“昨天”是yesterday，组合为She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. 主语“我爸爸”对应My father，“教”的过去式为taught，“我们”是us（宾格），“数学”是math，“去年”是last year，组合为My father taught us math last year.
【答案】1. I bought a book yesterday.
2. He went to Beijing last week.
3. They watched a wonderful football match last night.
4. She met her old friend in the park yesterday.
5. My father taught us math last year.
【知识点】一般过去时；动词过去式；句子翻译
【点评】本题为英语基础题型，考察学生对一般过去时结构、常用动词过去式及基础词汇的掌握，难度较低，适合巩固基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.7
二、改写句子
1. He wasted a lot of time playing video games last night.（改为否定句）
2. She realized her mistake after the exam.（改为一般疑问句）
3. They created a wonderful project last week.（改为否定句）
4. I finished my homework quickly yesterday.（改为一般疑问句）
5. Tom visited his grandparents last Sunday.（改为否定句）
1. He wasted a lot of time playing video games last night.（改为否定句）
2. She realized her mistake after the exam.（改为一般疑问句）
Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. They created a wonderful project last week.（改为否定句）
They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. I finished my homework quickly yesterday.（改为一般疑问句）
Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. Tom visited his grandparents last Sunday.（改为否定句）
Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
答案
1. He didn't waste a lot of time playing video games last night.
2. Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
2. Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
解析
【分析】
这几道题均为一般过去时的句子，需掌握一般过去时的句式转换规则：改否定句时，在主语后加助动词didn't，原句实义动词变回原形；改一般疑问句时，在句首加助动词Did，原句实义动词变回原形，注意主语的对应变化（如第4题主语I改为you）。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般过去时，实义动词是wasted，改否定句时加didn't，wasted还原为waste，得到：He didn't waste a lot of time playing video games last night.
2. 改一般疑问句时，句首加Did，主语she，实义动词realized还原为realize，句末加问号，得到：Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. 改否定句时，加didn't，created还原为create，得到：They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. 改一般疑问句时，句首加Did，原句主语I改为you，实义动词finished还原为finish，句末加问号，得到：Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. 改否定句时，加didn't，visited还原为visit，得到：Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
【答案】
1. He didn't waste a lot of time playing video games last night.
2. Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
【知识点】
一般过去时的否定句；一般过去时的一般疑问句
【点评】
本题考查一般过去时的句式转换，属于英语基础语法的核心考点，需熟练掌握助动词及动词形式的变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.6
这几道题均为一般过去时的句子，需掌握一般过去时的句式转换规则：改否定句时，在主语后加助动词didn't，原句实义动词变回原形；改一般疑问句时，在句首加助动词Did，原句实义动词变回原形，注意主语的对应变化（如第4题主语I改为you）。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般过去时，实义动词是wasted，改否定句时加didn't，wasted还原为waste，得到：He didn't waste a lot of time playing video games last night.
2. 改一般疑问句时，句首加Did，主语she，实义动词realized还原为realize，句末加问号，得到：Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. 改否定句时，加didn't，created还原为create，得到：They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. 改一般疑问句时，句首加Did，原句主语I改为you，实义动词finished还原为finish，句末加问号，得到：Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. 改否定句时，加didn't，visited还原为visit，得到：Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
【答案】
1. He didn't waste a lot of time playing video games last night.
2. Did she realize her mistake after the exam?
3. They didn't create a wonderful project last week.
4. Did you finish your homework quickly yesterday?
5. Tom didn't visit his grandparents last Sunday.
【知识点】
一般过去时的否定句；一般过去时的一般疑问句
【点评】
本题考查一般过去时的句式转换，属于英语基础语法的核心考点，需熟练掌握助动词及动词形式的变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.6
