四、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
My name is Tom. I am computer fan. I spend several （hour）online every day. My computer （be）a part of my life. Sometimes, I even think that it has become such a useful friend that I can't live （with）it. Computers have a lot of advantages（优点）. I can do all my writing and drawing work the Internet. I don't have to write or draw with a pen or a pencil. All my work can be done by （use）the word processing program and Photoshop. Surfing the Internet is great fun. Whenever I need any information, I surf the Internet for hours and I can get what I need almost every time. In my spare time, I chat with other netizens（网民）in English. It is very easy （talk）with people from all over the world. Now, many parents are （worry）about their kids because they often go to Internet cafes, sometimes they stay there all night. These are not good for their （healthy）or schoolwork. So, the computer can be our friend only if we make good use of it.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. a 2. hours 3. has been 4. without 5. on 6. using 7. to talk 8. worrying/worried 9. and 10. health

【分析】
这是一篇基础类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，理清短文讲述的电脑在生活中的作用以及合理使用电脑的重要性的整体语境，再逐个分析每个空格的考点：首先判断空格处需要的词性，再结合固定搭配、语法规则、上下文语义推导正确形式，遇到括号内给出提示词的，要判断词性转换规则、时态语态变化规则，没有提示词的要从冠词、介词、连词等虚词的用法角度推导，确保答案符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 空后computer fan是可数名词单数，此处表达“一名电脑迷”的泛指含义，computer以辅音音素开头，因此填a。
2. 空前限定词several意为“几个”，后接可数名词复数，hour的复数形式为hours，因此填hours。
3. 句子强调电脑成为生活的一部分这个状态对现在的影响，要用现在完成时，主语My computer是第三人称单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词为been，因此填has been。
4. 前文提到电脑是非常有用的朋友，可推知此处表达“没有它我无法生活”的含义，with的反义形式为without，因此填without。
5. 英语中固定搭配on the Internet表示“在互联网上”，是常用短语，因此填on。
6. 空格前的by是介词，介词后接动词时需要用动名词形式，use的动名词为using，因此填using。
7. 此处符合固定句型It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正主语是后置的不定式结构，因此填to talk。
8. 固定搭配be worried about意为“为……担忧”，也可以用现在进行时are worrying about表达“正为……担忧”的含义，两个形式都符合语法，因此填worried/worrying。
9. 空前“孩子们经常去网吧”和空后“有时候他们整晚待在那里”是顺承的并列关系，用并列连词and连接，因此填and。
10. 空前的their是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接名词，形容词healthy的名词形式是health，因此填health。
【答案】
1. a 2. hours 3. has been 4. without 5. on 6. using 7. to talk 8. worried/worrying 9. and 10. health
【知识点】
冠词用法，词形转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段的常规基础语法填空，考点覆盖了冠词、名词复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、词性转换、常用短语等核心基础知识点，整体难度不高，既考察学生对基础语法规则的掌握程度，也要求学生结合上下文语义判断正确答案，提醒学生平时要多积累常用固定搭配，注意不同词性的使用场景，避免形式类错误。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、传统文化 阅读理解。
The elephant-foot drum is one of the most famous musical instruments(乐器)of the Dai ethnic group. It gets its name because it looks like the elephant's leg. The government put the drum-making skill on the list of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产)in 2011.
The elephant-foot drum dance is very popular among the Dai people. People used this form of dance to keep away from bad things and celebrate the new year. Now it is a way for the Dai people to show their joy as well as their village culture. It also shows that the Dai people are simple and hospitable(热情好客的).
Xie Wenping, 32, followed his grandfather who made elephant-foot drums for a living to learn how to make a drum. “I wanted to make more and better drums when I was young,” Xie said.
While elephant-foot drums carry rich cultural meanings, making an elephant-foot drum takes a long time. “There are 30 steps to make an elephant-foot drum and it takes one month,” Xie said.
The work of making the drum is boring, but whenever Xie sees his grandfather's smile while making the drum, he feels happy again. “Over the years, the number of people skilled in making elephant-foot drums has become smaller,” Xie said. “I feel like it's my responsibility(责任)to carry it on.”
Xie tries to get more people to know about the drum. “The elephant-foot drum is too big to carry around. How could I help more people outside Yunnan learn about the elephant-foot drum?” Xie said. He came up with the idea of making key rings shaped like the elephant-foot drum. “Tourists love them!” Xie said.
( )1. What was the elephant-foot drum dance for in the very beginning?
A. To help old people make a living.
B. To keep away from bad luck and welcome the new year.
C. To bring out some good qualities of the Dai people.
D. To show the happiness and village culture of the Dai people.
()2. What can we know about Xie Wenping from the passage?
A. He is not interested in making drums.
B. He hopes to keep the drum-making skill alive.
C. He thinks it easy to make drums.
D. He dislikes working with his grandfather.
()3. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. The story of making the drum.
B. An amazing musical instrument.
C. Saving the traditional drum.
D. The Dai people and their music.

1. B 【点拨】根据“People used this form of dance to keep away from bad things and celebrate the new year.”可知，象脚鼓舞最初是用来驱邪和庆祝新年的。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据“I feel like it's my responsibility(责任) to carry it on.”可知，谢文平认为传承象脚鼓制作技艺是他的责任，即他希望保持这一技艺的活力。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了谢文平如何传承和推广象脚鼓制作技艺。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇介绍傣族象脚鼓非遗传承的传统文化类阅读理解，解题时可以按题型逐个突破：1. 第一题是细节理解题，先划出题干关键词"in the very beginning"（最初的用途），回到原文第二段定位对应描述，再和选项逐一比对就能选出答案；2. 第二题是人物细节判断题，把四个选项分别和原文中谢文平的相关表述对照，排除和原文内容矛盾的错误选项，就能得到正确答案；3. 第三题是主旨大意题，需要通读全文梳理核心内容，文章不只是单纯介绍象脚鼓，更侧重讲述年轻传承人主动传承推广这项技艺的故事，对比选项排除片面、范围过大的干扰项，就能选出最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第二句"People used this form of dance to keep away from bad things and celebrate the new year."，可知象脚鼓舞最初的作用是躲避不好的事物、庆祝新年，对应B选项“远离厄运、迎接新年”；A选项“帮助老人谋生”原文无相关表述，C选项“展现傣族人民的优良品质”是象脚鼓文化的附加体现，并非最初用途，D选项“展现傣族人民的喜悦和村落文化”是现在象脚鼓舞的作用，不符合题干“最初”的限定，因此选B。
2. 逐一比对选项：A选项“他对做鼓没有兴趣”和原文他从小跟着爷爷学制鼓、立志做更多更好的鼓的内容矛盾；B选项“他希望让制鼓技艺传承下去”，对应原文谢文平提到传承这项技艺是自己的责任，符合文意；C选项“他认为做鼓很简单”和原文提到做鼓有30道工序、耗时一个月、工作很枯燥的内容矛盾；D选项“他不喜欢和爷爷一起工作”和原文看到爷爷做鼓的笑容他就重新感到开心的内容矛盾，因此选B。
3. 梳理全文脉络：文章先介绍象脚鼓是傣族国家级非物质文化遗产，重点讲述年轻传承人谢文平为了避免制鼓技艺失传，坚持学习制作、还设计迷你象脚鼓钥匙扣向外推广的故事，核心围绕传统技艺的保护传承展开。A选项“做鼓的故事”过于片面，没有覆盖推广传承的内容；B选项“一款神奇的乐器”只对应开头介绍象脚鼓的部分，不是全文核心；D选项“傣族人和他们的音乐”范围过于宽泛，偏离主题；只有C选项“拯救传统鼓”最贴合全文主旨，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
细节理解，主旨归纳，传统文化阅读
【点评】
本题结合我国傣族非物质文化遗产象脚鼓的相关内容命题，既考察了学生英语阅读的信息定位、细节比对、主旨提炼的基础能力，也渗透了非遗文化传承的相关文化常识，题目设置梯度合理，仅主旨题需要学生规避以偏概全的误区，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7