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三、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1. I said to
2. After the earthquake, some people were
3. After the illness, Lucy felt even
4. The teachers had to raise their
5. The mother
1. I said to
myself
(me) that I should study harder for the exam.2. After the earthquake, some people were
trapped
(trap) under the bricks.3. After the illness, Lucy felt even
weaker
(weak) than before.4. The teachers had to raise their
voices
(voice) to make sure everyone could hear them.5. The mother
calmed
(calm) the baby down by playing soft music last night.答案
1. myself
2. trapped
3. weaker
4. voices
5. calmed
2. trapped
3. weaker
4. voices
5. calmed
解析
【分析】
本题为英语词形变换填空题，需结合句子语法结构、固定搭配、时态、语态等规则，对括号内单词进行正确变形。具体思路：1. 第1题考查固定搭配，需用反身代词；2. 第2题考查被动语态，需用动词过去分词；3. 第3题有比较级标志词，需用形容词比较级；4. 第4题主语为复数，名词需用复数形式；5. 第5题有过去时间状语，需用动词过去式。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“say to oneself”意为“对自己说”，故将人称代词me变为反身代词myself；2. 句子为被动语态（be+过去分词），trap的过去分词为trapped，故填trapped；3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词weak需变为比较级weaker；4. 主语teachers为复数，对应的可数名词voice需用复数形式voices；5. 时间状语last night表明句子为一般过去时，动词calm的过去式为calmed，故填calmed。
【答案】
1. myself 2. trapped 3. weaker 4. voices 5. calmed
【知识点】
反身代词用法、被动语态、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词形变换，涉及固定搭配、时态、语态等核心语法点，题型常规，侧重基础应用，是英语学习中的常见基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语词形变换填空题，需结合句子语法结构、固定搭配、时态、语态等规则，对括号内单词进行正确变形。具体思路：1. 第1题考查固定搭配，需用反身代词；2. 第2题考查被动语态，需用动词过去分词；3. 第3题有比较级标志词，需用形容词比较级；4. 第4题主语为复数，名词需用复数形式；5. 第5题有过去时间状语，需用动词过去式。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“say to oneself”意为“对自己说”，故将人称代词me变为反身代词myself；2. 句子为被动语态（be+过去分词），trap的过去分词为trapped，故填trapped；3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词weak需变为比较级weaker；4. 主语teachers为复数，对应的可数名词voice需用复数形式voices；5. 时间状语last night表明句子为一般过去时，动词calm的过去式为calmed，故填calmed。
【答案】
1. myself 2. trapped 3. weaker 4. voices 5. calmed
【知识点】
反身代词用法、被动语态、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词形变换，涉及固定搭配、时态、语态等核心语法点，题型常规，侧重基础应用，是英语学习中的常见基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
信息还原
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Lightning is amazing, and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than 8.6 million lightning strikes (袭击) every day in the world—that is about 100 strikes every second.
1 Every year, it kills people. It can also start big fires. Sometimes, it gets as hot as 28, 000℃. An American named Roy Sullivan worked in a park. He was hit by lightning many times and still lived. 2
So, why does lightning strike? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause changes in the air. 3 These charges get stronger and stronger. When they can't hold anymore, we see a bright flash of lightning.
Lightning can strike in different places. It can strike inside a cloud, between two clouds, or between a cloud and the earth. 4 Because we live on earth, and it's easy for lightning to hit us, our houses, or other things on the ground. In the United States, about 200 people are hit by lightning every year, and around 20 of them die.
So, what should we do when lightning strikes? It's best to stay inside a big building. 5 Lightning likes to hit tall things like trees. Water can carry electricity well. Standing on a hill makes you an easy target (目标). Also, don't lie on the ground. Electricity can go through you and you may be badly hurt.
A. Lightning can also be very dangerous.
B. As we know, thunder comes after lightning.
C. The last one is the most dangerous for humans.
D. Between 1942 and 1983, lightning hit him seven times!
E. When this happens, it creates static charges (静电荷).
F. To stay safe, do not stand under trees, near water or on hills.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
Lightning is amazing, and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than 8.6 million lightning strikes (袭击) every day in the world—that is about 100 strikes every second.
1 Every year, it kills people. It can also start big fires. Sometimes, it gets as hot as 28, 000℃. An American named Roy Sullivan worked in a park. He was hit by lightning many times and still lived. 2
So, why does lightning strike? Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause changes in the air. 3 These charges get stronger and stronger. When they can't hold anymore, we see a bright flash of lightning.
Lightning can strike in different places. It can strike inside a cloud, between two clouds, or between a cloud and the earth. 4 Because we live on earth, and it's easy for lightning to hit us, our houses, or other things on the ground. In the United States, about 200 people are hit by lightning every year, and around 20 of them die.
So, what should we do when lightning strikes? It's best to stay inside a big building. 5 Lightning likes to hit tall things like trees. Water can carry electricity well. Standing on a hill makes you an easy target (目标). Also, don't lie on the ground. Electricity can go through you and you may be badly hurt.
A. Lightning can also be very dangerous.
B. As we know, thunder comes after lightning.
C. The last one is the most dangerous for humans.
D. Between 1942 and 1983, lightning hit him seven times!
E. When this happens, it creates static charges (静电荷).
F. To stay safe, do not stand under trees, near water or on hills.
1.
A
2.
D
3.
E
4.
C
5.
F
答案
1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
解析
【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题，需结合上下文语境、关键词及逻辑关系，逐一匹配选项。先通读全文明确各段主旨，再分析空格前后内容的关联，选择符合语境的选项。
【解析】
1. 空格后提到闪电每年杀人、引发火灾，需引出闪电的危险性，对应选项A。
2. 空格前介绍Roy Sullivan被闪电多次击中仍存活，需补充他被击中的具体次数，对应选项D。
3. 空格前讲闪电形成的原因，空格后提到电荷增强，需说明摩擦产生静电荷，对应选项E。
4. 空格前列举闪电袭击的不同地点，空格后说明对人类的威胁，需指出最后一种最危险，对应选项C。
5. 空格前讲避雷方法，空格后提到危险地点，需给出具体安全注意事项，对应选项F。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
【知识点】
英语信息还原、阅读理解
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解中的信息还原能力，需结合上下文逻辑、语境匹配选项，难度适中，需仔细分析内容关联。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语信息还原题，需结合上下文语境、关键词及逻辑关系，逐一匹配选项。先通读全文明确各段主旨，再分析空格前后内容的关联，选择符合语境的选项。
【解析】
1. 空格后提到闪电每年杀人、引发火灾，需引出闪电的危险性，对应选项A。
2. 空格前介绍Roy Sullivan被闪电多次击中仍存活，需补充他被击中的具体次数，对应选项D。
3. 空格前讲闪电形成的原因，空格后提到电荷增强，需说明摩擦产生静电荷，对应选项E。
4. 空格前列举闪电袭击的不同地点，空格后说明对人类的威胁，需指出最后一种最危险，对应选项C。
5. 空格前讲避雷方法，空格后提到危险地点，需给出具体安全注意事项，对应选项F。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
【知识点】
英语信息还原、阅读理解
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解中的信息还原能力，需结合上下文逻辑、语境匹配选项，难度适中，需仔细分析内容关联。
【难度系数】
0.6
