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Ⅴ. Reading comprehension.
①So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships
into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and famous
ancient people when giving them names.
②Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamt of going to the
moon. Chang'e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see,
China's first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang'e I.
More interestingly, the moon rover was named after the Jade Rabbit,
who is the partner of Chang'e in the story. With the development of science and
technology, our scientists have made them come true.
③Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story, which shows how much ancient
Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with
the scientists to "visit" the sun, because we have a space project called the KuaFu
Mission.
④Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from famous ancient
people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a
straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at
that time. So, China's first quantum science satellite was named Mozi, making China
the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication.
⑤From such simple things as naming the satellites, we can see how great our
traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
(
A. Space scientists. B. Ancient people.
C. Satellites and spaceships. D. Old stories.
(
A. It is the world's first man-made satellite.
B. It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C. It "visits" the sun with the scientists.
D. It moves around the moon.
(
A. By giving an example. B. By comparing facts.
C. By listing numbers. D. By reporting a result.
(
A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①/②③④/⑤ C. ①/②③/④⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤
①So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships
into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and famous
ancient people when giving them names.
②Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamt of going to the
moon. Chang'e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see,
China's first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang'e I.
More interestingly, the moon rover was named after the Jade Rabbit,
who is the partner of Chang'e in the story. With the development of science and
technology, our scientists have made them come true.
③Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story, which shows how much ancient
Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with
the scientists to "visit" the sun, because we have a space project called the KuaFu
Mission.
④Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from famous ancient
people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a
straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at
that time. So, China's first quantum science satellite was named Mozi, making China
the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication.
⑤From such simple things as naming the satellites, we can see how great our
traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
(
C
)25. What does the underlined word "them" in the passage refer to?A. Space scientists. B. Ancient people.
C. Satellites and spaceships. D. Old stories.
(
D
)26. What do we know about Chang'e I according to the passage?A. It is the world's first man-made satellite.
B. It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C. It "visits" the sun with the scientists.
D. It moves around the moon.
(
A
)27. How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4?A. By giving an example. B. By comparing facts.
C. By listing numbers. D. By reporting a result.
(
B
)28. What's the structure of the passage?A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①/②③④/⑤ C. ①/②③/④⑤ D. ①/②/③④⑤
答案
25.C 26.D 27.A 28.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇说明文类阅读理解，解题时我们可以按照“题干定位-原文比对-排除错项”的思路逐步推导：
1. 第25题是代词指代题，首先找到划线词所在的上下文，梳理句间逻辑，判断被命名的对象即可得出指代内容；
2. 第26题是细节理解题，带着关键词Chang'e I回到原文对应段落定位，逐一比对选项和原文描述，排除不符合的错误选项；
3. 第27题是论证方法判断题，阅读第4段，明确段落的论点和支撑内容的逻辑，即可判断作者的论证方式；
4. 第28题是文章结构题，逐段概括段落大意，梳理文本的总-分-总逻辑，就能匹配出正确的结构划分。
【解析】
25. 定位原文第一段：前句提到中国已经向太空发射了大量卫星和飞船，后句说明航天科学家在给它们命名时从古代故事和名人处获得灵感，显然需要被命名的对象就是前文的卫星和飞船，因此them指代satellites and spaceships，对应选项C。
26. 定位原文第二段，明确提到“China's first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang'e I”，即嫦娥一号是绕月运行的人造卫星：A选项错误，它不是世界首颗人造卫星；B选项错误，玉兔是月球车，文中没有提到嫦娥一号保护玉兔；C选项错误，探访太阳的是夸父项目，和嫦娥一号无关，因此正确选项为D。
27. 第4段开头提出观点：航天器命名的灵感也来自古代名人，之后就举了以古代科学家墨子命名量子卫星的实例来支撑观点，因此作者是通过举例子的方式论证，对应选项A。
28. 梳理全文逻辑：第①段总起，点明本文核心——中国航天器的命名灵感来自古代故事和古代名人；第②③④段分别列举嫦娥、夸父、墨子三个命名案例，是分述部分；第⑤段总结，点明传统文化对现代科技的重要影响，属于典型的总-分-总结构，即①/②③④/⑤，对应选项B。
【答案】
25.C 26.D 27.A 28.B
【知识点】
代词指代判断，细节信息查找，文章结构分析
【点评】
本篇阅读围绕中国航天命名的文化渊源展开，贴合传统文化热点，题型覆盖阅读理解常见的四类考点，既考察学生定位原文、比对信息的基础阅读能力，也引导学生感知中华优秀传统文化对当代科技发展的助力，解题时要注意所有判断都要依托原文内容，不要加入主观臆想的额外信息。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇说明文类阅读理解，解题时我们可以按照“题干定位-原文比对-排除错项”的思路逐步推导：
1. 第25题是代词指代题，首先找到划线词所在的上下文，梳理句间逻辑，判断被命名的对象即可得出指代内容；
2. 第26题是细节理解题，带着关键词Chang'e I回到原文对应段落定位，逐一比对选项和原文描述，排除不符合的错误选项；
3. 第27题是论证方法判断题，阅读第4段，明确段落的论点和支撑内容的逻辑，即可判断作者的论证方式；
4. 第28题是文章结构题，逐段概括段落大意，梳理文本的总-分-总逻辑，就能匹配出正确的结构划分。
【解析】
25. 定位原文第一段：前句提到中国已经向太空发射了大量卫星和飞船，后句说明航天科学家在给它们命名时从古代故事和名人处获得灵感，显然需要被命名的对象就是前文的卫星和飞船，因此them指代satellites and spaceships，对应选项C。
26. 定位原文第二段，明确提到“China's first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang'e I”，即嫦娥一号是绕月运行的人造卫星：A选项错误，它不是世界首颗人造卫星；B选项错误，玉兔是月球车，文中没有提到嫦娥一号保护玉兔；C选项错误，探访太阳的是夸父项目，和嫦娥一号无关，因此正确选项为D。
27. 第4段开头提出观点：航天器命名的灵感也来自古代名人，之后就举了以古代科学家墨子命名量子卫星的实例来支撑观点，因此作者是通过举例子的方式论证，对应选项A。
28. 梳理全文逻辑：第①段总起，点明本文核心——中国航天器的命名灵感来自古代故事和古代名人；第②③④段分别列举嫦娥、夸父、墨子三个命名案例，是分述部分；第⑤段总结，点明传统文化对现代科技的重要影响，属于典型的总-分-总结构，即①/②③④/⑤，对应选项B。
【答案】
25.C 26.D 27.A 28.B
【知识点】
代词指代判断，细节信息查找，文章结构分析
【点评】
本篇阅读围绕中国航天命名的文化渊源展开，贴合传统文化热点，题型覆盖阅读理解常见的四类考点，既考察学生定位原文、比对信息的基础阅读能力，也引导学生感知中华优秀传统文化对当代科技发展的助力，解题时要注意所有判断都要依托原文内容，不要加入主观臆想的额外信息。
【难度系数】
0.7
