四、语法填空(15 分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There were two brothers named Ed and Ted. They always competed against(与……竞争)each other. 31. Ted tried hard every time，Ed always did better than him.
Ed was one year 32. (old)than his brother Ted，so he was a little taller than Ted. Ed always got up earlier，did homework more 33. (quick)，and got better grades. Ed and Ted both loved sports. When they played basketball，Ed always 34. (jump)higher. When they ran，Ed always ran 35. (fast)than his brother.
Ted was going to give up competing 36. his big brother was always better at everything. He thought he would never win. One day，Ed and Ted were very 37. (tire)and hungry after 38. (play)soccer. Mom called 39. (they)back in the house for dinner. After dinner，Ed and Ted went to do the 40. (dish). Mom said Ted did better than Ed. It was a small thing，but Ted felt very happy. He knew he could also do something better than his brother.

31. Though/Although 32. older
33. quickly 34. jumped 35. faster
36. because 37. tired 38. playing
39. them 40. dishes

【分析】
拿到这道语法填空，首先先通读整篇短文，明确这是一篇用一般过去时叙事的小故事，核心讲两兄弟一直竞争，Ted原本事事都比不过哥哥Ed，最后发现自己洗碗比Ed做得好的经历。接下来逐空结合上下文逻辑、语法规则推导：首先看31空，前后两个分句“Ted每次努力”和“Ed总比他做得好”是让步逻辑，对应让步引导词；看到32空后有than，直接想到要用形容词比较级；33空修饰动作“做作业”，需要用副词形式；34空全文是过去叙事，动词要变过去式；35空后有than，用副词比较级；36空后面是解释Ted想放弃竞争的原因，填原因引导词；37空在be动词后作表语，修饰人表示疲惫，用tire的形容词形式；38空前after是介词，介词后动词要变动名词；39空在动词call后面作宾语，用人称代词宾格；40空是固定搭配“洗碗”的固定表达，这样一步步就能推出所有答案。
【解析】
31. 考查让步状语从句引导词，前后句存在“尽管Ted每次都尽全力，Ed还是比他表现更好”的让步逻辑，句首首字母大写，填Though/Although。
32. 考查形容词比较级，空后有比较级标志词than，表两者年龄对比，old的比较级形式为older。
33. 考查副词用法，此处需要修饰动词短语did homework，要将形容词quick变为副词quickly。
34. 考查一般过去时，全文叙事基调为一般过去时，谓语动词jump要变为过去式jumped。
35. 考查副词比较级，空后有比较级标志词than，表兄弟二人跑步速度对比，fast的比较级形式为faster。
36. 考查原因状语从句引导词，空后内容是对前文“Ted打算放弃竞争”的原因解释，填表原因的because。
37. 考查形容词作表语，空处在be动词were后作表语，修饰人表示“感到疲惫的”，将tire变为形容词tired。
38. 考查非谓语动词，此处after是介词，介词后接动词需要用动名词形式，play变为playing。
39. 考查人称代词宾格，空前的及物动词called后面需要接人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格形式为them。
40. 考查固定短语，do the dishes是固定搭配，意为“洗碗”，填dishes。
【答案】
31. Though/Although 32. older
33. quickly 34. jumped 35. faster
36. because 37. tired 38. playing
39. them 40. dishes
【知识点】
状语从句引导词、词形转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础类语法填空，考点全部围绕初中核心基础语法点展开，没有偏题怪题，只要学生掌握好比较级、时态、代词、非谓语的基础规则，理清上下文逻辑就能顺利得分，同时短文的小故事也能引导学生发现自身的长处，兼具趣味性和教育意义。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、完成句子(10 分)
41. 我喜欢在空闲时间读书，因为这比看电视更有趣。
I like reading books because it is more interesting than watching TV.
42. 这对兄弟在很多方面很相似，尤其是在幽默感上。
The two brothers are similar ，especially in their sense of humor.
43. 这本书和那本很相似。
This book that one.
44. 她比我更容易够到树上的苹果。
She can the apples on the tree more easily than I can.
45. 他总是比别人更愿意帮忙。
He is always more willing to than others.

41. in my spare time 42. in many ways
43. is similar to 44. reach for
45. lend a hand

【分析】
这是英语完成句子类题型，解题时首先对照中文句意，明确挖空部分对应的中文含义，再结合空的数量匹配课标要求的对应固定短语，同时要结合句子语法规则调整短语形式：比如根据主语单复数确定be动词形式、情态动词后接动词原形等，最后核对拼写和空数是否完全匹配，确保语义和原句完全对应。
【解析】
41. 挖空对应中文含义“在空闲时间”，共4个空，主语为第一人称I，匹配固定短语in my spare time，符合语义和空数要求。
42. 挖空对应中文含义“在很多方面”，共3个空，匹配固定搭配in many ways，完全贴合句意。
43. 挖空对应中文含义“和…很相似”，共3个空，主语This book是单数，be动词用is，符合主谓一致规则，对应短语is similar to。
44. 挖空对应中文含义“够到”，共2个空，空前有情态动词can，后接动词原形，对应固定短语reach for。
45. 挖空对应中文含义“帮忙”，共3个空，空前有be willing to后接动词原形的结构，对应固定短语lend a hand，符合语义要求。
【答案】
41. in my spare time 42. in many ways 43. is similar to 44. reach for 45. lend a hand
【知识点】
1.固定短语搭配
2.情态动词用法
3.主谓一致
【点评】
本题全部考察初中阶段核心常用固定短语，整体偏向基础，要求学生平时积累课本中出现的介词短语、动词短语，注意结合句子的语法规则调整短语的正确形式，避免出现拼写错误、主谓不一致等不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8

六、阅读表达(10 分)
阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
A lot of teens(年轻人)think that the most important people in their life are their friends. When they are in trouble，they always ask their friends for advice，but not their parents. They find that their parents don't know them as well as their friends do. Some teens don't tell their problems to their parents because they don't want their parents to be too worried about them.
Children usually spend most of their free time with friends. They like to do things together with their friends. They like to talk with them. When they feel sad，their friends will comfort them. ，their friends will laugh together with them. Friends make their life more colorful.
Having one or more friends is very important. However，choosing friends is more important. If your friends have bad habits，you may get into bad habits easily. So be careful when you make friends.
46. Who do children usually spend most of their free time with?

47. What does the underlined word “they” refer to(指代)?

48. 将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。

49. 在第二段空白处填上一个恰当的句子。

50. Why should you be careful when you choose friends?

46. Their friends.
47. Teens.
48.他们发现他们的父母不如朋友们了解
自己。
49. When they laugh
50. Because I may get into bad habits
easily if my friends have bad habits.

【分析】
做这类阅读表达题，首先要先通读全文，理清文章围绕青少年和朋友的相处、交友注意事项展开的核心内容，再逐个对应题目回到原文定位解题：1. 细节类题目直接找到题干对应的原文位置，提取原句的关键信息即可；2. 指代类题目要往前文找距离指代词最近的核心主语，结合上下文语义确认指代对象；3. 翻译题先拆分句子结构，理顺比较级的逻辑，调整成符合中文表达习惯的通顺语句；4. 补全句子题要观察前后句的句式对应关系，结合语义逻辑补出匹配的内容；5. 原因类细节题直接定位文末对应的说明内容，整理出符合题干要求的答案即可。
【解析】
46. 直接定位原文第二段第一句"Children usually spend most of their free time with friends"，提取核心信息即可得到答案。
47. 划线词所在句的前文一直在围绕"teens（青少年）"的行为展开叙述，结合上下文语义可判断这里的they指代前文提到的青少年群体。
48. 拆分画线句结构：主句是They find that...（他们发现……），宾语从句中包含同级比较结构"don't know them as well as their friends do"，直译调整语序后得到通顺的中文译文。
49. 观察前后句的对应逻辑：前半句结构为"When they feel sad，their friends will comfort them"，后半句描述朋友和他们一起笑的场景，对应补出语义匹配、结构一致的时间状语即可。
50. 定位原文最后一段的说明内容"If your friends have bad habits，you may get into bad habits easily. So be careful when you make friends"，整理出对应的原因表述即可。
【答案】
46. Their friends.
47. Teens.
48. 他们发现他们的父母不如朋友们了解自己。
49. When they laugh
50. Because I may get into bad habits easily if my friends have bad habits.
【知识点】
细节信息查找，代词指代判断，英汉互译
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规阅读表达题型，考点设置全面，大部分答案都可以直接从原文定位获取，既考察学生的信息检索能力，也适当考察了句式逻辑分析和翻译表达能力，难度适中，只要认真对照原文梳理信息就不容易失分。
【难度系数】
0.7