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Ⅳ.（2026·启东长江中学阶段检测）阅读理解
①One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally green leaves turn into red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called "leaf phenology(叶片物候)", and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate（气候） change, autumn is changing.
②According to a study, the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
③" Trees are holding onto their leaves longer," explained Dr Howard, a climate scientist. " In my own neighbourhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal opinion, but research actually supports this phenomenon(现象) we're finding."
④Climate change isn't only causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts(霜) according to Dr Michael, a teacher of a University. Michael said, "That means pests（害虫） will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings."
⑤If there is no good news at all, though, we may be able to avoid this development. Michael said that if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放), they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. "A new study recently shows that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero," Michael said in his recent comment for *Live Science*.
1. Which of the following is one of the effects of climate change on autumn?
A. The season length is becoming shorter.
B. Leaves are changing their colours earlier.
C. Leaves are staying on the trees longer.
D. There are more frosts in autumn.
2. What can we infer from Dr Michael's words in Paragraph 4?
A. Pests will disappear completely if there are earlier frosts.
B. Later frosts in autumn is good for people's health.
C. People should try to kill pests in autumn.
D. The longer pests are active, the more dangerous it is for people.
3. 新考法 推断作者写作意图 What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To tell readers about the beautiful colours of autumn.
B. To introduce the research of Dr Howard and Dr Michael.
C. To show how climate change is affecting autumn.
D. To draw people's attention to environmental protection.
4. 新考法 推断篇章结构 Which of the following is the best structure of the passage?
Ⅴ. 跨学科 中国二十四节气之谷雨（2026·扬州中学树人集团阶段检测）首字母填空
Grain Rain is the sixth of the 24 Solar Terms in a Chinese lunar year. It originates (起源) from the old saying, "Rain brings up the g 1 of hundreds of grains," which shows that this period of rainfall is very i 2 to crops. Grain Rain brings a marked increase in temperature and rainfall and the grains grow f 3 and stronger. It's a key time to p 4 the crops from insect pests.
There is an old custom in the s 5 part of China where people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain. Spring tea during Grain Rain is rich in vitamins and amino acids(氨基酸), which is h 6 in removing heat from the body and is good for the eyes. It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad l 7. What's more, it is traditional for people in northern China to eat the vegetable toona sinensis(香椿) during Grain Rain, which has lasted for several c 8. The vegetable is nutritious(有营养的) and can help to i 9 the immune(免疫的) system. It is also good for the stomach and skin.
Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen's first sailing of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, when people believed that there were the gods protecting them. People would always make wishes on the Grain Rain festival for a wonderful h 10 and a safe sailing for their loved ones.
1.
4.
7.
10.
①One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally green leaves turn into red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called "leaf phenology(叶片物候)", and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate（气候） change, autumn is changing.
②According to a study, the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
③" Trees are holding onto their leaves longer," explained Dr Howard, a climate scientist. " In my own neighbourhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal opinion, but research actually supports this phenomenon(现象) we're finding."
④Climate change isn't only causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts(霜) according to Dr Michael, a teacher of a University. Michael said, "That means pests（害虫） will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings."
⑤If there is no good news at all, though, we may be able to avoid this development. Michael said that if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放), they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. "A new study recently shows that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero," Michael said in his recent comment for *Live Science*.
1. Which of the following is one of the effects of climate change on autumn?
A. The season length is becoming shorter.
B. Leaves are changing their colours earlier.
C. Leaves are staying on the trees longer.
D. There are more frosts in autumn.
2. What can we infer from Dr Michael's words in Paragraph 4?
A. Pests will disappear completely if there are earlier frosts.
B. Later frosts in autumn is good for people's health.
C. People should try to kill pests in autumn.
D. The longer pests are active, the more dangerous it is for people.
3. 新考法 推断作者写作意图 What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To tell readers about the beautiful colours of autumn.
B. To introduce the research of Dr Howard and Dr Michael.
C. To show how climate change is affecting autumn.
D. To draw people's attention to environmental protection.
4. 新考法 推断篇章结构 Which of the following is the best structure of the passage?
Ⅴ. 跨学科 中国二十四节气之谷雨（2026·扬州中学树人集团阶段检测）首字母填空
Grain Rain is the sixth of the 24 Solar Terms in a Chinese lunar year. It originates (起源) from the old saying, "Rain brings up the g 1 of hundreds of grains," which shows that this period of rainfall is very i 2 to crops. Grain Rain brings a marked increase in temperature and rainfall and the grains grow f 3 and stronger. It's a key time to p 4 the crops from insect pests.
There is an old custom in the s 5 part of China where people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain. Spring tea during Grain Rain is rich in vitamins and amino acids(氨基酸), which is h 6 in removing heat from the body and is good for the eyes. It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad l 7. What's more, it is traditional for people in northern China to eat the vegetable toona sinensis(香椿) during Grain Rain, which has lasted for several c 8. The vegetable is nutritious(有营养的) and can help to i 9 the immune(免疫的) system. It is also good for the stomach and skin.
Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen's first sailing of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, when people believed that there were the gods protecting them. People would always make wishes on the Grain Rain festival for a wonderful h 10 and a safe sailing for their loved ones.
1.
growth
2. important
3. faster
4.
protect
5. southern
6. helpful
7.
luck
8. centuries
9. improve
10.
harvest
答案
Ⅳ. [文章大意]本文主要阐述了气候变化对秋季的影响。
1. C [解析]细节理解题。根据"Trees are holding onto their leaves longer"可知,气候变化使得树叶在树上停留的时间更长。故选C。
2. D [解析]细节理解题。根据"That means pests(害虫) will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings."可知,害虫在秋天活跃时间越长,对人类健康危害越大。故选D。
3. C [解析]写作意图题。通读原文可知,文章开篇提到秋天树叶变色的美景,接着指出由于气候变化,秋天正在发生改变。随后具体从树叶变色时间变长、树木落叶推迟、霜期推迟导致害虫活跃时间延长等方面,详细阐述了气候变化对秋天的影响。故选C。
4. A [解析]篇章结构题。通读原文可知,第一段引出气候变化使秋天改变这一话题,第二、三、四段分别从树叶变色时间、树木落叶情况、霜期及害虫影响等方面阐述气候变化对秋天的影响,第五段提出人类控制碳排放可阻止气候变化最坏影响,是对前文的总结和升华。A选项结构符合。故选A。
V. [文章大意]本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的"谷雨",涵盖谷雨的节气地位、名称由来、气候特点,以及南北方的谷雨习俗,体现了谷雨的农业意义与文化内涵。
1. growth 2. important 3. faster 4. protect 5. southern
6. helpful 7. luck 8. centuries 9. improve 10. harvest
1. C [解析]细节理解题。根据"Trees are holding onto their leaves longer"可知,气候变化使得树叶在树上停留的时间更长。故选C。
2. D [解析]细节理解题。根据"That means pests(害虫) will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings."可知,害虫在秋天活跃时间越长,对人类健康危害越大。故选D。
3. C [解析]写作意图题。通读原文可知,文章开篇提到秋天树叶变色的美景,接着指出由于气候变化,秋天正在发生改变。随后具体从树叶变色时间变长、树木落叶推迟、霜期推迟导致害虫活跃时间延长等方面,详细阐述了气候变化对秋天的影响。故选C。
4. A [解析]篇章结构题。通读原文可知,第一段引出气候变化使秋天改变这一话题,第二、三、四段分别从树叶变色时间、树木落叶情况、霜期及害虫影响等方面阐述气候变化对秋天的影响,第五段提出人类控制碳排放可阻止气候变化最坏影响,是对前文的总结和升华。A选项结构符合。故选A。
V. [文章大意]本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的"谷雨",涵盖谷雨的节气地位、名称由来、气候特点,以及南北方的谷雨习俗,体现了谷雨的农业意义与文化内涵。
1. growth 2. important 3. faster 4. protect 5. southern
6. helpful 7. luck 8. centuries 9. improve 10. harvest
解析
【分析】
拿到这组题目，我们可以分两部分逐步解题：第一部分是阅读理解题，首先通读全文把握核心主题：文章围绕气候变化对秋季的影响展开。做细节题时，先根据题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除明显错误的表述；做写作意图题时，需要梳理全文的行文逻辑，区分次要信息和核心主旨；做篇章结构题时，先划分段落功能：第1段引出话题，第2-4段分别从不同维度展开论述气候变化对秋季的具体影响，第5段给出应对方向，对应匹配结构示意图即可。第二部分是首字母填空题，先通读全文了解谷雨的主题，结合上下文语义、固定搭配和给出的首字母提示，推断出符合语境、语法正确的单词即可。
【解析】
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段"Trees are holding onto their leaves longer"可知，气候变化让树叶在树上停留的时间更长。A选项表述季节长度变短和原文"the season length is growing"矛盾；B选项树叶更早变色和原文"it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours"矛盾；D选项秋天有更多霜和原文"we can also expect later frosts"矛盾，因此选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第四段Michael的表述"That means pests will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings"可知，害虫在秋季活跃的时间越长，对人类的健康威胁就越大，其余选项表述均不符合原文内容，因此选D。
3. 写作意图题：通读全文可知，文章开篇引出叶片物候的概念，点明气候变化正在改变秋季，随后从树叶变色推迟、落叶延后、霜期延后导致害虫危害提升等多个角度，详细介绍气候变化对秋季的各类影响，核心目的是展示气候变化如何影响秋季，其余选项都是文中的次要信息，并非核心写作目的，因此选C。
4. 篇章结构题：梳理段落功能可知，第1段总起，引出"气候变化使秋季发生改变"的核心话题；第2、3、4段分别从树叶变色周期、树木落叶规律、霜期与害虫影响三个维度，分述气候变化对秋季的具体影响；第5段总述，提出人类控制碳排放可以缓解气候变化的不良影响，属于典型的总-分-总结构，对应A选项的结构示意图，因此选A。
Ⅴ. 首字母填空
1. 此处表达“雨水滋养数百种谷物生长”，定冠词the后接名词，结合首字母g，填growth。
2. 此处表达“这段时间的降雨对农作物非常重要”，固定搭配be important to表示“对……重要”，结合首字母i，填important。
3. 此处表达“谷物生长得更快更健壮”，and连接并列的比较级，结合首字母f，填faster。
4. 此处表达“这是保护农作物免受害虫侵害的关键时期”，固定搭配protect...from...表示“保护……免受……”，结合首字母p，填protect。
5. 此处表达“中国南方有古老的饮茶习俗”，修饰名词part用形容词，结合首字母s，填southern。
6. 此处表达“谷雨春茶富含维生素和氨基酸，有助于清热明目”，固定搭配be helpful in doing sth.表示“有助于做某事”，结合首字母h，填helpful。
7. 此处表达“在谷雨当天饮茶可以规避厄运”，bad luck表示“厄运、坏运气”，结合首字母l，填luck。
8. 此处表达“中国北方谷雨吃香椿的传统已经延续数个世纪”，several后接可数名词复数，结合首字母c，填centuries。
9. 此处表达“香椿营养丰富，可以帮助提升免疫系统功能”，help to后接动词原形，结合首字母i，填improve。
10. 此处表达“人们会在谷雨时节祈求丰收和出海平安”，结合首字母h，填harvest。
【答案】
Ⅳ. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A
Ⅴ. 1. growth 2. important 3. faster 4. protect 5. southern 6. helpful 7. luck 8. centuries 9. improve 10. harvest
【知识点】
英语细节阅读
篇章结构分析
首字母语境填词
【点评】
本组题目选材兼顾了生态环保热点议题和中国二十四节气传统文化内容，设置了细节查找、主旨推断、篇章结构分析等多维度考点，同时融入跨学科文化常识，能够全面检验学生的英语阅读理解能力和词汇综合运用能力，命题新颖，梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这组题目，我们可以分两部分逐步解题：第一部分是阅读理解题，首先通读全文把握核心主题：文章围绕气候变化对秋季的影响展开。做细节题时，先根据题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除明显错误的表述；做写作意图题时，需要梳理全文的行文逻辑，区分次要信息和核心主旨；做篇章结构题时，先划分段落功能：第1段引出话题，第2-4段分别从不同维度展开论述气候变化对秋季的具体影响，第5段给出应对方向，对应匹配结构示意图即可。第二部分是首字母填空题，先通读全文了解谷雨的主题，结合上下文语义、固定搭配和给出的首字母提示，推断出符合语境、语法正确的单词即可。
【解析】
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段"Trees are holding onto their leaves longer"可知，气候变化让树叶在树上停留的时间更长。A选项表述季节长度变短和原文"the season length is growing"矛盾；B选项树叶更早变色和原文"it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours"矛盾；D选项秋天有更多霜和原文"we can also expect later frosts"矛盾，因此选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第四段Michael的表述"That means pests will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings"可知，害虫在秋季活跃的时间越长，对人类的健康威胁就越大，其余选项表述均不符合原文内容，因此选D。
3. 写作意图题：通读全文可知，文章开篇引出叶片物候的概念，点明气候变化正在改变秋季，随后从树叶变色推迟、落叶延后、霜期延后导致害虫危害提升等多个角度，详细介绍气候变化对秋季的各类影响，核心目的是展示气候变化如何影响秋季，其余选项都是文中的次要信息，并非核心写作目的，因此选C。
4. 篇章结构题：梳理段落功能可知，第1段总起，引出"气候变化使秋季发生改变"的核心话题；第2、3、4段分别从树叶变色周期、树木落叶规律、霜期与害虫影响三个维度，分述气候变化对秋季的具体影响；第5段总述，提出人类控制碳排放可以缓解气候变化的不良影响，属于典型的总-分-总结构，对应A选项的结构示意图，因此选A。
Ⅴ. 首字母填空
1. 此处表达“雨水滋养数百种谷物生长”，定冠词the后接名词，结合首字母g，填growth。
2. 此处表达“这段时间的降雨对农作物非常重要”，固定搭配be important to表示“对……重要”，结合首字母i，填important。
3. 此处表达“谷物生长得更快更健壮”，and连接并列的比较级，结合首字母f，填faster。
4. 此处表达“这是保护农作物免受害虫侵害的关键时期”，固定搭配protect...from...表示“保护……免受……”，结合首字母p，填protect。
5. 此处表达“中国南方有古老的饮茶习俗”，修饰名词part用形容词，结合首字母s，填southern。
6. 此处表达“谷雨春茶富含维生素和氨基酸，有助于清热明目”，固定搭配be helpful in doing sth.表示“有助于做某事”，结合首字母h，填helpful。
7. 此处表达“在谷雨当天饮茶可以规避厄运”，bad luck表示“厄运、坏运气”，结合首字母l，填luck。
8. 此处表达“中国北方谷雨吃香椿的传统已经延续数个世纪”，several后接可数名词复数，结合首字母c，填centuries。
9. 此处表达“香椿营养丰富，可以帮助提升免疫系统功能”，help to后接动词原形，结合首字母i，填improve。
10. 此处表达“人们会在谷雨时节祈求丰收和出海平安”，结合首字母h，填harvest。
【答案】
Ⅳ. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A
Ⅴ. 1. growth 2. important 3. faster 4. protect 5. southern 6. helpful 7. luck 8. centuries 9. improve 10. harvest
【知识点】
英语细节阅读
篇章结构分析
首字母语境填词
【点评】
本组题目选材兼顾了生态环保热点议题和中国二十四节气传统文化内容，设置了细节查找、主旨推断、篇章结构分析等多维度考点，同时融入跨学科文化常识，能够全面检验学生的英语阅读理解能力和词汇综合运用能力，命题新颖，梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
