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三、信息还原
阅读下面短文,从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
My dog is in the garden, wagging(摇) its tail. Its mouth is open and it is looking at me. What is it trying to tell me?
People are always interested in animal communication and scientists are doing a lot of research on this subject.
1 Dogs are famous for this. When a dog walks outside, it learns about other dogs by smelling things. 2 They can find missing people by using their fantastic sense of smell. Mice have excellent senses of smell too. And scientists train them to find landmines(地雷). Scientists discover that even ants use smell. They use smell to tell other ants where the food is.
3 Research shows that many other animals use sounds to communicate. Frogs and insects communicate through sounds. Usually the "gentlemen" make sounds to invite the "ladies". Whales and elephants also use sounds to communicate. These sounds can travel very far through water or the air. However, it is not possible for humans to hear some of the sounds. They are either too low or too high for us.
4 When a cat puts its ears back, it is a bit mad(愤怒的). When it sits with its tail around itself, it is happy. 5 When it wags its tail and opens its mouth, it is happy. So I think my dog is happy right now.
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阅读下面短文,从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
My dog is in the garden, wagging(摇) its tail. Its mouth is open and it is looking at me. What is it trying to tell me?
People are always interested in animal communication and scientists are doing a lot of research on this subject.
1 Dogs are famous for this. When a dog walks outside, it learns about other dogs by smelling things. 2 They can find missing people by using their fantastic sense of smell. Mice have excellent senses of smell too. And scientists train them to find landmines(地雷). Scientists discover that even ants use smell. They use smell to tell other ants where the food is.
3 Research shows that many other animals use sounds to communicate. Frogs and insects communicate through sounds. Usually the "gentlemen" make sounds to invite the "ladies". Whales and elephants also use sounds to communicate. These sounds can travel very far through water or the air. However, it is not possible for humans to hear some of the sounds. They are either too low or too high for us.
4 When a cat puts its ears back, it is a bit mad(愤怒的). When it sits with its tail around itself, it is happy. 5 When it wags its tail and opens its mouth, it is happy. So I think my dog is happy right now.
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答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文，举例介绍了动物通过气味、声音及身体语言进行沟通的有趣现象，并解释了作者如何判断自家狗狗的情绪。
1~5 CDBFE
1~5 CDBFE
解析
【分析】
这是一篇说明文类的信息还原题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍动物的三类交流方式：气味交流、声音交流、肢体语言交流，整体是分模块展开说明的结构。
2. 逐空定位前后文内容，匹配逻辑衔接最顺畅的选项：
第1空：后文全部围绕动物依靠嗅觉/气味传递信息展开，列举了狗、排雷鼠、蚂蚁的相关例子，需要一个总起句引出气味交流的主题。
第2空：前句提到狗通过闻气味了解其他同类，后句提到动物靠嗅觉寻找失踪人员，需要衔接和狗的嗅觉应用相关的内容。
第3空：前文已经结束了气味交流的所有举例，后文开始介绍动物用声音交流，需要一个大众熟悉的声音相关场景自然引出下文。
第4空：后文开始列举猫的不同肢体动作对应的情绪含义，需要一个总起句引出肢体语言交流的主题。
第5空：前文已经举了两个猫的肢体信号例子，后文介绍狗摇尾巴张嘴代表开心，需要补充狗的肢体语言相关内容，形成前后衔接。
3. 最后排除两个多余选项A、G，验证所有选项逻辑通顺。
【解析】
1. 空后内容全部围绕动物依靠气味交流展开，C选项“Most animals communicate by smell.（大多数动物通过气味交流）”是该段落的总起句，完美引出下文狗、老鼠、蚂蚁用气味传递信息的例子，故选C。
2. 空前提到狗靠嗅觉了解同类，空后提到动物靠嗅觉搜寻失踪人员，D选项“Dogs have also been helping the police for a long time.（狗长期以来也一直在帮助警方）”衔接前后，对应警犬靠嗅觉工作的内容，逻辑连贯，故选D。
3. 空后段落主题是动物用声音交流，B选项“Almost everyone hears birds singing.（几乎每个人都听过鸟儿唱歌）”是大众最熟悉的动物声音交流的场景，自然引出后续蛙类、昆虫、鲸、象的声音交流相关内容，故选B。
4. 空后全部举例说明不同动物的肢体动作对应的含义，F选项“Animals use body language to communicate as well.（动物也用肢体语言进行交流）”是该段落的总起句，开启下文肢体语言的相关介绍，故选F。
5. 空前介绍了猫的两个肢体情绪信号，空后介绍狗摇尾巴张嘴代表开心，E选项“When a dog puts its tail under its body, it is scared.（当狗把尾巴夹在身下时，它是害怕的）”补充了狗的肢体语言对应的情绪，和后文狗的开心状态形成对应，衔接顺畅，故选E。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. F 5. E
【知识点】
说明文信息还原，上下文逻辑衔接，动物交流科普
【点评】
本题属于难度适中的初中英语信息还原题，文章主题贴近生活，结构清晰，按照“气味交流-声音交流-肢体语言交流”的顺序分模块展开，解题时只要抓住每个段落的核心主题，匹配总起句和前后举例的对应关系，就能快速选出正确答案，同时还能了解动物交流的相关趣味科普知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇说明文类的信息还原题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍动物的三类交流方式：气味交流、声音交流、肢体语言交流，整体是分模块展开说明的结构。
2. 逐空定位前后文内容，匹配逻辑衔接最顺畅的选项：
第1空：后文全部围绕动物依靠嗅觉/气味传递信息展开，列举了狗、排雷鼠、蚂蚁的相关例子，需要一个总起句引出气味交流的主题。
第2空：前句提到狗通过闻气味了解其他同类，后句提到动物靠嗅觉寻找失踪人员，需要衔接和狗的嗅觉应用相关的内容。
第3空：前文已经结束了气味交流的所有举例，后文开始介绍动物用声音交流，需要一个大众熟悉的声音相关场景自然引出下文。
第4空：后文开始列举猫的不同肢体动作对应的情绪含义，需要一个总起句引出肢体语言交流的主题。
第5空：前文已经举了两个猫的肢体信号例子，后文介绍狗摇尾巴张嘴代表开心，需要补充狗的肢体语言相关内容，形成前后衔接。
3. 最后排除两个多余选项A、G，验证所有选项逻辑通顺。
【解析】
1. 空后内容全部围绕动物依靠气味交流展开，C选项“Most animals communicate by smell.（大多数动物通过气味交流）”是该段落的总起句，完美引出下文狗、老鼠、蚂蚁用气味传递信息的例子，故选C。
2. 空前提到狗靠嗅觉了解同类，空后提到动物靠嗅觉搜寻失踪人员，D选项“Dogs have also been helping the police for a long time.（狗长期以来也一直在帮助警方）”衔接前后，对应警犬靠嗅觉工作的内容，逻辑连贯，故选D。
3. 空后段落主题是动物用声音交流，B选项“Almost everyone hears birds singing.（几乎每个人都听过鸟儿唱歌）”是大众最熟悉的动物声音交流的场景，自然引出后续蛙类、昆虫、鲸、象的声音交流相关内容，故选B。
4. 空后全部举例说明不同动物的肢体动作对应的含义，F选项“Animals use body language to communicate as well.（动物也用肢体语言进行交流）”是该段落的总起句，开启下文肢体语言的相关介绍，故选F。
5. 空前介绍了猫的两个肢体情绪信号，空后介绍狗摇尾巴张嘴代表开心，E选项“When a dog puts its tail under its body, it is scared.（当狗把尾巴夹在身下时，它是害怕的）”补充了狗的肢体语言对应的情绪，和后文狗的开心状态形成对应，衔接顺畅，故选E。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. F 5. E
【知识点】
说明文信息还原，上下文逻辑衔接，动物交流科普
【点评】
本题属于难度适中的初中英语信息还原题，文章主题贴近生活，结构清晰，按照“气味交流-声音交流-肢体语言交流”的顺序分模块展开，解题时只要抓住每个段落的核心主题，匹配总起句和前后举例的对应关系，就能快速选出正确答案，同时还能了解动物交流的相关趣味科普知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
