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一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. So far, my best friend and I
2. Tom
3. My sister
4. We
5. I
1. So far, my best friend and I
have known
(know) each other for three years.2. Tom
hasn't spoken
( not speak ) to his neighbour since they had that argument last month.3. My sister
has shared
(share) her toys with the little girl next door many times.4. We
have learned/learnt
(learn) a lot about how to get along with others this term.5. I
have been
( be ) a volunteer at the community centre since July.答案
1. have known 2. hasn't spoken
3. has shared 4. have learned/learnt
5. have been
3. has shared 4. have learned/learnt
5. have been
解析
【分析】首先观察每道题的时间标志词，判断时态为现在完成时；再根据主语的单复数确定助动词have/has；最后将所给动词变为过去分词形式（否定结构需调整助动词的否定形式），即可得出正确答案。
【解析】1. 句中时间标志so far（到目前为止）、for three years（持续三年）是现在完成时的典型标志，主语my best friend and I为复数，故用have+know的过去分词known，填have known。
2. 句中时间标志since+过去的时间状语（since they had that argument...），需用现在完成时的否定形式，主语Tom为第三人称单数，故用hasn't+speak的过去分词spoken，填hasn't spoken。
3. 句中时间标志many times（多次），用现在完成时，主语My sister为第三人称单数，故用has+share的过去分词shared，填has shared。
4. 句中时间标志this term（到目前为止的这个学期），用现在完成时，主语we为复数，故用have+learn的过去分词learned/learnt，填have learned/learnt。
5. 句中时间标志since July（自七月以来），用现在完成时，主语为I，故用have+be的过去分词been，填have been。
【答案】1. have known 2. hasn't spoken 3. has shared 4. have learned/learnt 5. have been
【知识点】现在完成时、动词过去分词、主谓一致
【点评】本题为现在完成时的基础练习题，重点考查学生对现在完成时时间标志词的识别及时态结构的掌握，是初中英语时态模块的核心基础题型，需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 句中时间标志so far（到目前为止）、for three years（持续三年）是现在完成时的典型标志，主语my best friend and I为复数，故用have+know的过去分词known，填have known。
2. 句中时间标志since+过去的时间状语（since they had that argument...），需用现在完成时的否定形式，主语Tom为第三人称单数，故用hasn't+speak的过去分词spoken，填hasn't spoken。
3. 句中时间标志many times（多次），用现在完成时，主语My sister为第三人称单数，故用has+share的过去分词shared，填has shared。
4. 句中时间标志this term（到目前为止的这个学期），用现在完成时，主语we为复数，故用have+learn的过去分词learned/learnt，填have learned/learnt。
5. 句中时间标志since July（自七月以来），用现在完成时，主语为I，故用have+be的过去分词been，填have been。
【答案】1. have known 2. hasn't spoken 3. has shared 4. have learned/learnt 5. have been
【知识点】现在完成时、动词过去分词、主谓一致
【点评】本题为现在完成时的基础练习题，重点考查学生对现在完成时时间标志词的识别及时态结构的掌握，是初中英语时态模块的核心基础题型，需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】0.6
二、阅读下面短文，按要求完成练习
There is a lovely little garden at the corner of Blue Street. It has green grass and colourful small flowers, and it's a favourite place for the kids in the neighbourhood. Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. All the children like to play in the garden after school. They draw pictures on the stone benches, chase each other on the grass, and sometimes help Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here, and it's a warm little corner full of laughter in the community.
1. 画出文中所有含有现在完成时的句子，并标出延续性时间短语。
2. How long has Aunt Wang looked after the little garden at the corner of Blue Street?
3. What has Aunt Wang done in the garden every morning since 2022?
4. What have the children sometimes done for Aunt Wang in the garden?
5. Please write 2—3 sentences to continue the story, using the present perfect tense（现在完成时）.
There is a lovely little garden at the corner of Blue Street. It has green grass and colourful small flowers, and it's a favourite place for the kids in the neighbourhood. Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. All the children like to play in the garden after school. They draw pictures on the stone benches, chase each other on the grass, and sometimes help Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here, and it's a warm little corner full of laughter in the community.
1. 画出文中所有含有现在完成时的句子，并标出延续性时间短语。
2. How long has Aunt Wang looked after the little garden at the corner of Blue Street?
For three years.
3. What has Aunt Wang done in the garden every morning since 2022?
She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning.
4. What have the children sometimes done for Aunt Wang in the garden?
They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves.
5. Please write 2—3 sentences to continue the story, using the present perfect tense（现在完成时）.
The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on.
答案
1. Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here.
2. For three years.
3. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning.
4. They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves.
5. 示例: The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on.
2. For three years.
3. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning.
4. They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves.
5. 示例: The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on.
解析
【分析】
1. 识别现在完成时需关注“have/has + 动词过去分词”结构，延续性时间短语多为“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点/从句”；
2. 第2-4题是细节理解题，需定位题干关键词到原文找对应信息；
3. 第5题要求用现在完成时续写，需遵循“have/has + done”结构，结合短文语境创作合理内容。
【解析】
1. 现在完成时句子结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，文中符合的句子是：Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here. 延续性时间短语为for three years、since she retired in 2022；
2. 题干问Aunt Wang照顾花园的时长，对应原文“Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years”，故答案为For three years；
3. 题干问她每天早上的行为，对应原文“She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022”，故答案为She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning；
4. 题干问孩子有时帮她做的事，对应原文“sometimes help Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves”，结合现在完成时结构，答案为They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves；
5. 续写需用现在完成时，示例：The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on。
【答案】
1. 画出的句子：Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here. 延续性时间短语：for three years、since she retired in 2022；
2. For three years.
3. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning.
4. They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves.
5. The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on.
【知识点】
现在完成时、阅读理解、书面表达
【点评】
本题围绕短文考查现在完成时的识别、细节理解及运用，题型基础，注重核心语法与阅读能力的巩固，适合学生夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 识别现在完成时需关注“have/has + 动词过去分词”结构，延续性时间短语多为“for + 时间段”“since + 时间点/从句”；
2. 第2-4题是细节理解题，需定位题干关键词到原文找对应信息；
3. 第5题要求用现在完成时续写，需遵循“have/has + done”结构，结合短文语境创作合理内容。
【解析】
1. 现在完成时句子结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，文中符合的句子是：Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here. 延续性时间短语为for three years、since she retired in 2022；
2. 题干问Aunt Wang照顾花园的时长，对应原文“Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years”，故答案为For three years；
3. 题干问她每天早上的行为，对应原文“She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022”，故答案为She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning；
4. 题干问孩子有时帮她做的事，对应原文“sometimes help Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves”，结合现在完成时结构，答案为They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves；
5. 续写需用现在完成时，示例：The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on。
【答案】
1. 画出的句子：Aunt Wang has looked after this garden for three years. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning since she retired in 2022. The garden has brought much joy to everyone here. 延续性时间短语：for three years、since she retired in 2022；
2. For three years.
3. She has watered the flowers and cleaned the grass every morning.
4. They have sometimes helped Aunt Wang pick up fallen leaves.
5. The kids have planted some sunflowers in the garden, and the sunflowers have grown tall now. Aunt Wang has also made a small bench for the kids to rest on.
【知识点】
现在完成时、阅读理解、书面表达
【点评】
本题围绕短文考查现在完成时的识别、细节理解及运用，题型基础，注重核心语法与阅读能力的巩固，适合学生夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. It has been a year since I
2. My school is different from
3. We often hear him
4. My little pet dog was good at wagging (摇) his tail with
5. The bird usually
6. We should show
7. It is not polite to
8. Have you ever
9. Miss Li is a very
10. We need to learn how to solve
1. It has been a year since I
started
(start) working in this library.2. My school is different from
theirs
(they). It has many after-school clubs.3. We often hear him
read
(read) English words in his bedroom.4. My little pet dog was good at wagging (摇) his tail with
happiness
(happy).5. The bird usually
builds
(build) a beautiful house in the tree in spring.6. We should show
kindness
(kind) to everyone around us, especially strangers in need.7. It is not polite to
argue
(argue) loudly with others in public places.8. Have you ever
shared
(share) your lunch with a classmate who forgot to bring food?9. Miss Li is a very
understanding
(understand) teacher. She always listens to our problems.10. We need to learn how to solve
differences
(different) peacefully with our friends.答案
1. started 2. theirs 3. read 4. happiness
5. builds 6. kindness 7. argue 8. shared
9. understanding 10. differences
5. builds 6. kindness 7. argue 8. shared
9. understanding 10. differences
解析
【分析】
本题为英语用所给单词正确形式填空，需结合语法规则、词性变化、时态要求等解题：
1. 第1题：since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句需用一般过去时，故填start的过去式；
2. 第2题：be different from后需接名词性物主代词，指代“他们的学校”，they对应的名词性物主代词为theirs；
3. 第3题：hear sb do sth表示“听到某人做经常性动作”，需用动词原形；
4. 第4题：介词with后接名词，happy的名词形式为happiness；
5. 第5题：由usually可知是一般现在时，主语the bird为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式；
6. 第6题：show后接名词作宾语，kind的名词形式为kindness；
7. 第7题：it's + adj + to do sth结构中，to后接动词原形；
8. 第8题：现在完成时结构为have/has + 过去分词，需填share的过去分词；
9. 第9题：修饰名词teacher需用形容词，understand的形容词形式为understanding；
10. 第10题：solve后接名词，different的名词形式为difference，此处表泛指用复数。
【解析】
1. 依据since引导时间状语从句的时态规则（主句现完，从句一过），填started；
2. 结合be different from后接名词性物主代词的用法，填theirs；
3. 根据hear sb do sth（经常性动作）的固定搭配，填read；
4. 介词后接名词，happy转换为happiness；
5. 一般现在时中主语为三单，动词用builds；
6. show后接名词，kind转换为kindness；
7. it's + adj + to do sth结构中用动词原形，填argue；
8. 现在完成时需用过去分词，填shared；
9. 形容词修饰名词，填understanding；
10. solve后接名词，different转换为differences（复数）。
【答案】
1. started 2. theirs 3. read 4. happiness
5. builds 6. kindness 7. argue 8. shared
9. understanding 10. differences
【知识点】
词形变化、动词时态、代词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法与词形转换，涵盖时态、代词、固定搭配等核心知识点，是英语学习的基础题型，需熟练掌握基础规则。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语用所给单词正确形式填空，需结合语法规则、词性变化、时态要求等解题：
1. 第1题：since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句需用一般过去时，故填start的过去式；
2. 第2题：be different from后需接名词性物主代词，指代“他们的学校”，they对应的名词性物主代词为theirs；
3. 第3题：hear sb do sth表示“听到某人做经常性动作”，需用动词原形；
4. 第4题：介词with后接名词，happy的名词形式为happiness；
5. 第5题：由usually可知是一般现在时，主语the bird为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式；
6. 第6题：show后接名词作宾语，kind的名词形式为kindness；
7. 第7题：it's + adj + to do sth结构中，to后接动词原形；
8. 第8题：现在完成时结构为have/has + 过去分词，需填share的过去分词；
9. 第9题：修饰名词teacher需用形容词，understand的形容词形式为understanding；
10. 第10题：solve后接名词，different的名词形式为difference，此处表泛指用复数。
【解析】
1. 依据since引导时间状语从句的时态规则（主句现完，从句一过），填started；
2. 结合be different from后接名词性物主代词的用法，填theirs；
3. 根据hear sb do sth（经常性动作）的固定搭配，填read；
4. 介词后接名词，happy转换为happiness；
5. 一般现在时中主语为三单，动词用builds；
6. show后接名词，kind转换为kindness；
7. it's + adj + to do sth结构中用动词原形，填argue；
8. 现在完成时需用过去分词，填shared；
9. 形容词修饰名词，填understanding；
10. solve后接名词，different转换为differences（复数）。
【答案】
1. started 2. theirs 3. read 4. happiness
5. builds 6. kindness 7. argue 8. shared
9. understanding 10. differences
【知识点】
词形变化、动词时态、代词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法与词形转换，涵盖时态、代词、固定搭配等核心知识点，是英语学习的基础题型，需熟练掌握基础规则。
【难度系数】
0.6
