四、请写出下列句子的结构(S + V、S + V + P 或 S + V + O)
1. Lily is reading English.
2. Lucy felt uncomfortable.
3. They found their son.
4. Flying a kite in the park is interesting.
5. The birds fly away.
1. Lily is reading English.
S+V+O
2. Lucy felt uncomfortable.
S+V+P
3. They found their son.
S+V+O
4. Flying a kite in the park is interesting.
S+V+P
5. The birds fly away.
S+V
答案
1. S+V+O
2. S+V+P
3. S+V+O
4. S+V+P
5. S+V
2. S+V+P
3. S+V+O
4. S+V+P
5. S+V
解析
【分析】首先明确英语简单句的三种核心句型:S+V(主语+不及物动词,动词后不接宾语)、S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语,系动词如be、feel等,表语说明主语特征)、S+V+O(主语+及物动词+宾语,宾语是动作的承受者)。判断时先确定主语(动作发出者),再区分谓语动词类型:系动词后接表语,及物动词后接宾语,不及物动词后无宾语。逐个分析句子即可得出对应结构。
【解析】1. 句子主语为Lily,谓语是及物动词短语is reading,动作的承受者是English(宾语),故结构为S+V+O;2. 主语为Lucy,谓语是系动词felt,说明主语状态的uncomfortable是表语,故结构为S+V+P;3. 主语为They,谓语是及物动词found,动作的承受者是their son(宾语),故结构为S+V+O;4. 主语是动名词短语Flying a kite in the park,谓语是系动词is,说明主语特征的interesting是表语,故结构为S+V+P;5. 主语为The birds,谓语是不及物动词fly,后无宾语,故结构为S+V。
【答案】1. S+V+O;2. S+V+P;3. S+V+O;4. S+V+P;5. S+V
【知识点】英语简单句基本句型、句子成分区分
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法中简单句的核心句型,需准确区分系动词与及物动词,掌握表语和宾语的判断方法,属于常规基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 句子主语为Lily,谓语是及物动词短语is reading,动作的承受者是English(宾语),故结构为S+V+O;2. 主语为Lucy,谓语是系动词felt,说明主语状态的uncomfortable是表语,故结构为S+V+P;3. 主语为They,谓语是及物动词found,动作的承受者是their son(宾语),故结构为S+V+O;4. 主语是动名词短语Flying a kite in the park,谓语是系动词is,说明主语特征的interesting是表语,故结构为S+V+P;5. 主语为The birds,谓语是不及物动词fly,后无宾语,故结构为S+V。
【答案】1. S+V+O;2. S+V+P;3. S+V+O;4. S+V+P;5. S+V
【知识点】英语简单句基本句型、句子成分区分
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法中简单句的核心句型,需准确区分系动词与及物动词,掌握表语和宾语的判断方法,属于常规基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
阅读短文,在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
In China, people divide a year into 24 Solar Terms. People created them (1) (thousand) of years ago, but they are still useful today in (2) (guide) people's lives.
After the Spring Equinox (春分), the 4th Solar Term of the year, days begin to be much (3) ______ (long) than nights. As for activities, (4) ______ (fly) kites is a popular activity during this time. People often write good words (5) ______ their kites. They all hope that their wishes come (6) ______ (truth).
During the Major Heat, the 12th Solar Term of the year, most parts of China enter the (7) (hot) season of the year. The sunshine, high temperatures and heavy rainfalls are good for the plants. (8) many natural disasters also happen.
The Frost's Descent (霜降), the 18th Solar Term of the year, is the last Solar Term of autumn. During this time, the weather becomes much colder than before and the temperature changes greatly (9) day to night.
The Major Snow is the 21st of the Solar Terms, and the (10) (three) one of winter. The temperature drops day by day, as the year is coming to an end. The snow in the north of China may last for a whole day, and heavy snow brings us a fantastic ice world of pure white.
In China, people divide a year into 24 Solar Terms. People created them (1) (thousand) of years ago, but they are still useful today in (2) (guide) people's lives.
After the Spring Equinox (春分), the 4th Solar Term of the year, days begin to be much (3) ______ (long) than nights. As for activities, (4) ______ (fly) kites is a popular activity during this time. People often write good words (5) ______ their kites. They all hope that their wishes come (6) ______ (truth).
During the Major Heat, the 12th Solar Term of the year, most parts of China enter the (7) (hot) season of the year. The sunshine, high temperatures and heavy rainfalls are good for the plants. (8) many natural disasters also happen.
The Frost's Descent (霜降), the 18th Solar Term of the year, is the last Solar Term of autumn. During this time, the weather becomes much colder than before and the temperature changes greatly (9) day to night.
The Major Snow is the 21st of the Solar Terms, and the (10) (three) one of winter. The temperature drops day by day, as the year is coming to an end. The snow in the north of China may last for a whole day, and heavy snow brings us a fantastic ice world of pure white.
答案
1. thousands
2. guiding
3. longer
4. flying
5. on
6. true
7. hottest
8. But
9. from
10. third
2. guiding
3. longer
4. flying
5. on
6. true
7. hottest
8. But
9. from
10. third
解析
【分析】
本题为英语短文填空,需结合固定搭配、词形变化、语法规则等解题:
1. 看到括号内的thousand及后面的of,想到固定搭配thousands of(成千上万的),故填thousands;
2. 空格前是介词in,介词后需接动词的动名词形式,故将guide变为guiding;
3. 句中出现than,是形容词比较级的标志,需用long的比较级longer;
4. 此处动词短语作主语,需用动名词形式,故将fly变为flying;
5. 表示“在风筝上写字”,需用介词on;
6. 固定短语come true(实现),故填true;
7. 句中出现of the year(一年中),是形容词最高级的范围,需用hot的最高级hottest;
8. 前文说好处,后文说灾害,为转折关系,需填转折连词But;
9. 固定搭配from day to night(从白天到晚上),故填from;
10. 表示顺序“第三个”,需用three的序数词third。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配thousands of表示“成千上万的”,故填thousands;
2. 介词in后接动词的动名词形式,guide的动名词为guiding,故填guiding;
3. 由than可知需用形容词比较级,long的比较级为longer,故填longer;
4. 动名词短语作主语,fly的动名词为flying,故填flying;
5. 表示“在……上”用介词on,故填on;
6. 固定短语come true意为“实现”,故填true;
7. 由of the year可知需用形容词最高级,hot的最高级为hottest,故填hottest;
8. 前后文为转折关系,用But连接,故填But;
9. 固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”,故填from;
10. 表示顺序“第三”,用three的序数词third,故填third。
【答案】
1. thousands
2. guiding
3. longer
4. flying
5. on
6. true
7. hottest
8. But
9. from
10. third
【知识点】
固定搭配、词形变化、形容词比较级最高级
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇、固定搭配及语法知识,涵盖词形转换、介词、比较级、最高级等考点,是初中英语常见的短文填空题型,难度适中,需学生掌握基础的语言知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语短文填空,需结合固定搭配、词形变化、语法规则等解题:
1. 看到括号内的thousand及后面的of,想到固定搭配thousands of(成千上万的),故填thousands;
2. 空格前是介词in,介词后需接动词的动名词形式,故将guide变为guiding;
3. 句中出现than,是形容词比较级的标志,需用long的比较级longer;
4. 此处动词短语作主语,需用动名词形式,故将fly变为flying;
5. 表示“在风筝上写字”,需用介词on;
6. 固定短语come true(实现),故填true;
7. 句中出现of the year(一年中),是形容词最高级的范围,需用hot的最高级hottest;
8. 前文说好处,后文说灾害,为转折关系,需填转折连词But;
9. 固定搭配from day to night(从白天到晚上),故填from;
10. 表示顺序“第三个”,需用three的序数词third。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配thousands of表示“成千上万的”,故填thousands;
2. 介词in后接动词的动名词形式,guide的动名词为guiding,故填guiding;
3. 由than可知需用形容词比较级,long的比较级为longer,故填longer;
4. 动名词短语作主语,fly的动名词为flying,故填flying;
5. 表示“在……上”用介词on,故填on;
6. 固定短语come true意为“实现”,故填true;
7. 由of the year可知需用形容词最高级,hot的最高级为hottest,故填hottest;
8. 前后文为转折关系,用But连接,故填But;
9. 固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”,故填from;
10. 表示顺序“第三”,用three的序数词third,故填third。
【答案】
1. thousands
2. guiding
3. longer
4. flying
5. on
6. true
7. hottest
8. But
9. from
10. third
【知识点】
固定搭配、词形变化、形容词比较级最高级
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇、固定搭配及语法知识,涵盖词形转换、介词、比较级、最高级等考点,是初中英语常见的短文填空题型,难度适中,需学生掌握基础的语言知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
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