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四、阅读与回答问题 新语篇·采访
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
体裁: 采访
主题: 环境保护
难度: ★★★★★
Interviewer: Hi, Johnson, thanks for being here today. We want to talk about freeganism. Can you tell us what that means?
Johnson: Freeganism is a way of life that helps reduce waste in our society. Freegans are people who try to live by using what others throw away.
Interviewer: Where do freegans look for food?
Johnson: Freegans look for food in the rubbish bins that are behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings. Surprisingly, some of the food is still good. They might even find food that is still packed and just out of date.
Interviewer: Is this allowed?
Johnson: It may not be allowed, because the rubbish bins are often on private land. If they are caught, they can be arrested(逮捕). But people still believe it helps reduce waste and is good for the environment.
Interviewer: Is it dangerous?
Johnson: It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish. Freegans have to be careful and make sure they don't hurt themselves.
Interviewer:
Johnson: The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known. The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks, so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans.
Interviewer: Can you share a personal story?
Johnson: Mariela became a freegan after she lost her job in New York. She had a sick husband and three kids to look after. One day, she saw workers throwing food into bins behind a supermarket. She took what she could carry home to feed her family. Now, they have been freegans ever since. Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York. The film will be shown during Save the Earth Week to show how freegans live and why.
Interviewer: That's really inspiring. Thanks for sharing, Johnson!
1. Where are the rubbish bins that freegans usually find food in?
2. How do big chain supermarkets deal with unsold food to reduce waste?
3. What question best fits the blank?
4. What gave Mariela ideas of making the film Freegans in New York?
5. What challenges might freegans face in their daily lives? List 3 challenges.
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
体裁: 采访
主题: 环境保护
难度: ★★★★★
Interviewer: Hi, Johnson, thanks for being here today. We want to talk about freeganism. Can you tell us what that means?
Johnson: Freeganism is a way of life that helps reduce waste in our society. Freegans are people who try to live by using what others throw away.
Interviewer: Where do freegans look for food?
Johnson: Freegans look for food in the rubbish bins that are behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings. Surprisingly, some of the food is still good. They might even find food that is still packed and just out of date.
Interviewer: Is this allowed?
Johnson: It may not be allowed, because the rubbish bins are often on private land. If they are caught, they can be arrested(逮捕). But people still believe it helps reduce waste and is good for the environment.
Interviewer: Is it dangerous?
Johnson: It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish. Freegans have to be careful and make sure they don't hurt themselves.
Interviewer:
Are there freegans in Shanghai?
Johnson: The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known. The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks, so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans.
Interviewer: Can you share a personal story?
Johnson: Mariela became a freegan after she lost her job in New York. She had a sick husband and three kids to look after. One day, she saw workers throwing food into bins behind a supermarket. She took what she could carry home to feed her family. Now, they have been freegans ever since. Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York. The film will be shown during Save the Earth Week to show how freegans live and why.
Interviewer: That's really inspiring. Thanks for sharing, Johnson!
1. Where are the rubbish bins that freegans usually find food in?
Behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.
2. How do big chain supermarkets deal with unsold food to reduce waste?
They give it to food banks.
3. What question best fits the blank?
Are there freegans in Shanghai?
4. What gave Mariela ideas of making the film Freegans in New York?
Her personal experience as a freegan.
5. What challenges might freegans face in their daily lives? List 3 challenges.
They may be arrested for searching bins on private land. The food might be out of date. There could be dangerous things in the rubbish.
答案
1. Behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings. 根据“Freegans look for food in the rubbish bins that are behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.”可知免费素食者在购物中心后面或建筑物后面巷子里的垃圾桶里寻找食物。
2. They give it to food banks. 根据“The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks”可知大型连锁超市和商店不再扔掉食物，而是将其捐赠给食物银行。
3. Are there freegans in Shanghai? 根据回答“The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known.”和“so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans”可知询问上海是否有免费素食者。
4. Her personal experience as a freegan. 根据“She took what she could carry home to feed her family ... Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York.”可知成为免费素食者的经历给了她拍摄电影的灵感。
5. They may be arrested for searching bins on private land. The food might be out of date. There could be dangerous things in the rubbish. 根据“If they are caught, they can be arrested.”和“It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish.”可知免费素食者可能面对的挑战：会被逮捕，食物可能过期以及垃圾桶里可能有危险物品。
2. They give it to food banks. 根据“The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks”可知大型连锁超市和商店不再扔掉食物，而是将其捐赠给食物银行。
3. Are there freegans in Shanghai? 根据回答“The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known.”和“so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans”可知询问上海是否有免费素食者。
4. Her personal experience as a freegan. 根据“She took what she could carry home to feed her family ... Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York.”可知成为免费素食者的经历给了她拍摄电影的灵感。
5. They may be arrested for searching bins on private land. The food might be out of date. There could be dangerous things in the rubbish. 根据“If they are caught, they can be arrested.”和“It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish.”可知免费素食者可能面对的挑战：会被逮捕，食物可能过期以及垃圾桶里可能有危险物品。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的回答问题类题型，围绕“免费素食主义（freeganism）”的采访内容设置5个问题，解题核心是通过定位问题关键词，在短文中精准匹配对应信息，再按要求整理答案。具体思路：1. 细节类问题（1、2、4题）：先圈出问题中的核心关键词，快速定位原文相关语句，提取关键信息作答；2. 补全问句题（第3题）：需结合回答内容中的“yes”和“Shanghai freegans”等关键信息，反向推导符合语境的问句；3. 列举挑战题（第5题）：从原文中梳理出免费素食者面临的风险点，筛选出3个符合要求的挑战作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文中Johnson的回答“Freegans look for food in the rubbish bins that are behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.”，整理得答案；
2. 定位原文“The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks.”，提取得答案；
3. 结合回答“The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known. The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks, so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans.”，反向推导问句为“Are there freegans in Shanghai?”；
4. 定位原文“Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York.”，提取得答案；
5. 从原文“If they are caught, they can be arrested.”“It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish.”中筛选出3个挑战，整理得答案。
【答案】
1. Behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.
2. They give it to food banks.
3. Are there freegans in Shanghai?
4. Her personal experience as a freegan.
5. They may be arrested for searching bins on private land. The food might be out of date. There could be dangerous things in the rubbish.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本文以环保主题的采访为阅读材料，考查学生定位原文信息、提取关键内容的能力，题型涵盖细节查找、补全问句、信息列举，既贴合生活实际，又渗透了环保理念，是典型的初中英语阅读考查题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解的回答问题类题型，围绕“免费素食主义（freeganism）”的采访内容设置5个问题，解题核心是通过定位问题关键词，在短文中精准匹配对应信息，再按要求整理答案。具体思路：1. 细节类问题（1、2、4题）：先圈出问题中的核心关键词，快速定位原文相关语句，提取关键信息作答；2. 补全问句题（第3题）：需结合回答内容中的“yes”和“Shanghai freegans”等关键信息，反向推导符合语境的问句；3. 列举挑战题（第5题）：从原文中梳理出免费素食者面临的风险点，筛选出3个符合要求的挑战作答。
【解析】
1. 定位原文中Johnson的回答“Freegans look for food in the rubbish bins that are behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.”，整理得答案；
2. 定位原文“The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks.”，提取得答案；
3. 结合回答“The answer is yes, but exact numbers aren't known. The big chain supermarkets and shops have stopped throwing away food. Now they give it to food banks, so there are not many choices for Shanghai freegans.”，反向推导问句为“Are there freegans in Shanghai?”；
4. 定位原文“Mariela even made a film about her experience, called Freegans in New York.”，提取得答案；
5. 从原文“If they are caught, they can be arrested.”“It can be dangerous, not just because the food might be out of date, but also because there could be dangerous things in the rubbish.”中筛选出3个挑战，整理得答案。
【答案】
1. Behind shopping centres or in the lanes behind buildings.
2. They give it to food banks.
3. Are there freegans in Shanghai?
4. Her personal experience as a freegan.
5. They may be arrested for searching bins on private land. The food might be out of date. There could be dangerous things in the rubbish.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本文以环保主题的采访为阅读材料，考查学生定位原文信息、提取关键内容的能力，题型涵盖细节查找、补全问句、信息列举，既贴合生活实际，又渗透了环保理念，是典型的初中英语阅读考查题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
