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二、语篇训练
Ⅱ.短文阅读
Sleep is important for our body and mind health. However, when sleep becomes difficult,it can lead to a condition known as insomnia. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it difficult to fall asleep,or cause you to wake up too early and not be able to get back to sleep. It can make you tired,and affect your feelings.
There are many possible causes of insomnia, from lifestyle habits to health conditions. Stress and anxiety are common troubles,as they can keep your mind active and worried,making it difficult to relax and fall asleep.
To stop insomnia,it's important to build healthy sleep habits. This may include reducing stress and anxiety through relaxing skills or finding help and creating a relaxing daily bedtime. It's also important to create a good sleep environment. This means keeping your bedroom cool,dark and quiet. Avoiding screens for at least an hour before bed can also help your brain get ready for sleep.
If you have suffered from insomnia for a long time,it's important to talk to a doctor. They can help you identify any health conditions that may cause your sleep problems and suggest right treatment plans. In short, insomnia can affect your body and mind health. By building healthy sleep habits,you can stop insomnia,enjoy the peaceful sleep and keep healthy.
21. To stop insomnia,how many suggestions did the writer make in Paragraph 3?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
22. What does the underlined word "anxiety" mean?
A. Worry. B. Happiness. C. Power.
23. Which can be a proper title for the text?
A. Sleep Is Important for Your Health
B. Insomnia Can Cause Harmful Effects
C. Build Healthy Habits to Stop Insomnia
24. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To tell readers to avoid screens before bed.
B. To describe different kinds of sleep disorders.
C. To give advice on dealing with insomnia and encourage finding help.
Ⅱ.短文阅读
Sleep is important for our body and mind health. However, when sleep becomes difficult,it can lead to a condition known as insomnia. Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it difficult to fall asleep,or cause you to wake up too early and not be able to get back to sleep. It can make you tired,and affect your feelings.
There are many possible causes of insomnia, from lifestyle habits to health conditions. Stress and anxiety are common troubles,as they can keep your mind active and worried,making it difficult to relax and fall asleep.
To stop insomnia,it's important to build healthy sleep habits. This may include reducing stress and anxiety through relaxing skills or finding help and creating a relaxing daily bedtime. It's also important to create a good sleep environment. This means keeping your bedroom cool,dark and quiet. Avoiding screens for at least an hour before bed can also help your brain get ready for sleep.
If you have suffered from insomnia for a long time,it's important to talk to a doctor. They can help you identify any health conditions that may cause your sleep problems and suggest right treatment plans. In short, insomnia can affect your body and mind health. By building healthy sleep habits,you can stop insomnia,enjoy the peaceful sleep and keep healthy.
21. To stop insomnia,how many suggestions did the writer make in Paragraph 3?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
22. What does the underlined word "anxiety" mean?
A. Worry. B. Happiness. C. Power.
23. Which can be a proper title for the text?
A. Sleep Is Important for Your Health
B. Insomnia Can Cause Harmful Effects
C. Build Healthy Habits to Stop Insomnia
24. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To tell readers to avoid screens before bed.
B. To describe different kinds of sleep disorders.
C. To give advice on dealing with insomnia and encourage finding help.
答案
21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于失眠主题的说明文阅读，解题时可按照不同题型的对应方法逐一突破：1. 细节计数题直接定位到题干指定的第三段，逐句梳理作者给出的改善失眠的建议，统计数量即可得出答案；2. 词义猜测题定位划线词所在的上下文，结合语境推断单词含义，排除不符合语境的选项；3. 标题选择和主旨目的题需要通读全文梳理行文脉络，排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，选出匹配全文核心的答案。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：定位到文章第三段，作者一共给出3条改善失眠的建议：①养成健康睡眠习惯，通过放松技巧减压、固定规律的睡前放松流程；②打造凉爽、昏暗、安静的优质睡眠环境；③睡前至少1小时远离电子屏幕，帮助大脑准备入睡。一共3条建议，对应选项B。
22. 词义猜测题：划线词anxiety所在句提到“压力和______是常见困扰，它们会让你的大脑保持活跃、忧虑，难以放松入睡”，结合语境可知该词表达负面的、和忧虑相关的含义，A选项Worry（担忧、焦虑）和词义完全匹配，B选项Happiness（开心）、C选项Power（力量）均不符合语境，选A。
23. 标题选择题：全文先引入失眠的定义、危害，再介绍失眠的成因，核心内容是讲解通过养成健康睡眠习惯改善失眠，最后补充长期失眠要就医的建议。A选项仅对应开头引入的“睡眠很重要”的局部内容，B选项仅对应失眠危害的部分内容，都不能覆盖全文；C选项“养成健康习惯对抗失眠”精准匹配全文核心主题，选C。
24. 主旨目的题：A选项“告诉读者睡前远离屏幕”只是文中的一条小建议，不是全文写作目的；B选项“描述不同种类的睡眠障碍”不符合原文，全文仅围绕失眠展开，没有介绍其他睡眠障碍；C选项“给出应对失眠的建议并鼓励必要时寻求帮助”完全符合全文的写作意图，选C。
【答案】
21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题属于健康主题的常规说明文阅读，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读的常见题型，难度适中。学生解题时要注意做细节计数类题目时逐句标记避免数错，做主旨类题目时要避免把局部信息误判为全文核心，要结合首尾段和行文脉络综合判断。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇关于失眠主题的说明文阅读，解题时可按照不同题型的对应方法逐一突破：1. 细节计数题直接定位到题干指定的第三段，逐句梳理作者给出的改善失眠的建议，统计数量即可得出答案；2. 词义猜测题定位划线词所在的上下文，结合语境推断单词含义，排除不符合语境的选项；3. 标题选择和主旨目的题需要通读全文梳理行文脉络，排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，选出匹配全文核心的答案。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：定位到文章第三段，作者一共给出3条改善失眠的建议：①养成健康睡眠习惯，通过放松技巧减压、固定规律的睡前放松流程；②打造凉爽、昏暗、安静的优质睡眠环境；③睡前至少1小时远离电子屏幕，帮助大脑准备入睡。一共3条建议，对应选项B。
22. 词义猜测题：划线词anxiety所在句提到“压力和______是常见困扰，它们会让你的大脑保持活跃、忧虑，难以放松入睡”，结合语境可知该词表达负面的、和忧虑相关的含义，A选项Worry（担忧、焦虑）和词义完全匹配，B选项Happiness（开心）、C选项Power（力量）均不符合语境，选A。
23. 标题选择题：全文先引入失眠的定义、危害，再介绍失眠的成因，核心内容是讲解通过养成健康睡眠习惯改善失眠，最后补充长期失眠要就医的建议。A选项仅对应开头引入的“睡眠很重要”的局部内容，B选项仅对应失眠危害的部分内容，都不能覆盖全文；C选项“养成健康习惯对抗失眠”精准匹配全文核心主题，选C。
24. 主旨目的题：A选项“告诉读者睡前远离屏幕”只是文中的一条小建议，不是全文写作目的；B选项“描述不同种类的睡眠障碍”不符合原文，全文仅围绕失眠展开，没有介绍其他睡眠障碍；C选项“给出应对失眠的建议并鼓励必要时寻求帮助”完全符合全文的写作意图，选C。
【答案】
21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题属于健康主题的常规说明文阅读，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读的常见题型，难度适中。学生解题时要注意做细节计数类题目时逐句标记避免数错，做主旨类题目时要避免把局部信息误判为全文核心，要结合首尾段和行文脉络综合判断。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ.选词填空
eat hurt important a because
careful health year good for
Uncle Sam went to the hospital in his village yesterday. He didn't feel like eating anything
25.
27.
"Do you smoke?" Dr Smith asked. "No. I gave up smoking several 28.
32.
"That's the problem," said Dr Smith with 33.
eat hurt important a because
careful health year good for
Uncle Sam went to the hospital in his village yesterday. He didn't feel like eating anything
25.
because
he had a toothache. "What's the matter,Sam?" Dr Smith asked. "I don't feel well these days,and one of my teeth 26. hurts
," Uncle Sam answered. Dr Smith examined him27.
carefully
but didn't find any problems with Sam."Do you smoke?" Dr Smith asked. "No. I gave up smoking several 28.
years
ago. I know it's not 29. healthy
for me," Uncle Sam said. "Do you drink wine?" "No,I don't drink wine. I know the 30. importance
of it," Uncle Sam said. Dr Smith thought 31. for
a while and then asked,"Do you like sweet food?""Yes,I like all sweet things. I enjoy32.
eating
a piece of cake every day," Uncle Sam answered."That's the problem," said Dr Smith with 33.
a
smile. "Now you should control the amount of sugar that you have every day. Take this medicine three times a day and you'll feel 34. better
soon. " Hearing that, Uncle Sam made a decision to stop eating too much sweet food.答案
25.because 26.hurts 27.carefully 28.years
29.healthy 30.importance 31.for 32.eating
33.a 34.better
29.healthy 30.importance 31.for 32.eating
33.a 34.better
解析
【分析】
拿到这类选词填空题，首先第一步要先通读全文，理清文章的叙事脉络：本文讲述了山姆叔叔身体不适去看医生，最终排查出是长期大量吃甜食引发问题的小故事。第二步先把给出的备选词逐一标注词性，预判可能的词形变化方向。之后逐空分析：先判断空格前后的逻辑关系、句子所需的词性，再结合备选词筛选，同时要注意根据语法规则对单词进行正确的形式变形，最后填完所有空后通读全文，验证语句通顺、逻辑合理即可。
【解析】
25. 空格前句“他什么都不想吃”，后句“他牙疼”，二者是因果关系，后面是前者的原因，所以填because。
26. 主语one of my teeth（其中一颗牙）是单数第三人称，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，hurt的三单形式是hurts，所以填hurts，表示“我的一颗牙疼”。
27. 空格修饰动词examined（检查），修饰动词需要用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully，意为“仔细地”，所以填carefully，指医生仔细给他做检查。
28. 空格前有several（几个），后面要接可数名词复数，year的复数是years，several years ago是固定表达“几年前”，所以填years。
29. 前文说山姆叔叔戒烟，说明他知道抽烟对自己不健康，be动词后接形容词作表语，health的形容词形式是healthy，所以填healthy。
30. 空格前有定冠词the，后面有介词of，此处需要填名词，important的名词形式是importance，the importance of...是固定搭配“……的重要性”，这里指他知道戒酒的重要性，所以填importance。
31. for a while是固定搭配，意为“一会儿”，这里指史密斯医生思考了一会儿，所以填for。
32. enjoy doing sth是固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以动词eat要变为动名词形式eating，填eating。
33. with a smile是固定表达，意为“带着微笑”，smile是可数名词单数，前面加不定冠词a，所以填a。
34. 句意为“一天服三次药，你很快就会感觉好很多”，这里是和现在的不舒服状态对比，要用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，所以填better。
【答案】
25. because 26. hurts 27. carefully 28. years 29. healthy 30. importance 31. for 32. eating 33. a 34. better
【知识点】
词性转换
固定搭配
状语从句引导词
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的选词填空题型，考点覆盖了上下文逻辑判断、常见固定短语、词形变换等核心基础知识点，学生解题时容易出现的错误是直接照搬备选词原形，忽略了副词修饰动词、定冠词后接名词、动词第三人称单数、动名词等语法变形要求，需要结合句子成分分析再确定最终形式。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这类选词填空题，首先第一步要先通读全文，理清文章的叙事脉络：本文讲述了山姆叔叔身体不适去看医生，最终排查出是长期大量吃甜食引发问题的小故事。第二步先把给出的备选词逐一标注词性，预判可能的词形变化方向。之后逐空分析：先判断空格前后的逻辑关系、句子所需的词性，再结合备选词筛选，同时要注意根据语法规则对单词进行正确的形式变形，最后填完所有空后通读全文，验证语句通顺、逻辑合理即可。
【解析】
25. 空格前句“他什么都不想吃”，后句“他牙疼”，二者是因果关系，后面是前者的原因，所以填because。
26. 主语one of my teeth（其中一颗牙）是单数第三人称，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，hurt的三单形式是hurts，所以填hurts，表示“我的一颗牙疼”。
27. 空格修饰动词examined（检查），修饰动词需要用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully，意为“仔细地”，所以填carefully，指医生仔细给他做检查。
28. 空格前有several（几个），后面要接可数名词复数，year的复数是years，several years ago是固定表达“几年前”，所以填years。
29. 前文说山姆叔叔戒烟，说明他知道抽烟对自己不健康，be动词后接形容词作表语，health的形容词形式是healthy，所以填healthy。
30. 空格前有定冠词the，后面有介词of，此处需要填名词，important的名词形式是importance，the importance of...是固定搭配“……的重要性”，这里指他知道戒酒的重要性，所以填importance。
31. for a while是固定搭配，意为“一会儿”，这里指史密斯医生思考了一会儿，所以填for。
32. enjoy doing sth是固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以动词eat要变为动名词形式eating，填eating。
33. with a smile是固定表达，意为“带着微笑”，smile是可数名词单数，前面加不定冠词a，所以填a。
34. 句意为“一天服三次药，你很快就会感觉好很多”，这里是和现在的不舒服状态对比，要用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，所以填better。
【答案】
25. because 26. hurts 27. carefully 28. years 29. healthy 30. importance 31. for 32. eating 33. a 34. better
【知识点】
词性转换
固定搭配
状语从句引导词
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的选词填空题型，考点覆盖了上下文逻辑判断、常见固定短语、词形变换等核心基础知识点，学生解题时容易出现的错误是直接照搬备选词原形，忽略了副词修饰动词、定冠词后接名词、动词第三人称单数、动名词等语法变形要求，需要结合句子成分分析再确定最终形式。
【难度系数】
0.6
