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四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词,每个空格只填1个单词。
体裁:
说明文
主题:
自然生态
难度:
★★★★★
建议用时:
9 min
正确率:
/10
China has a large number of wetlands. The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia. There are some facts that you may be interested in.
First of all, let's learn about what wetlands are like. Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind. They are covered with water. The water is mostly groundwater, which comes from a nearby river or lake. Sea water can also create wetlands. Plants that live in wetlands really like water. Wetlands that have slow water running usually grow trees. However, wetlands that have a lot of water are mainly covered with moss.
Well, what lives in the wetlands? The wetland forests in the Congo surround the Congo River. There are many tall trees. The forests make the environment wetter than other wetlands. The wetland is home to hundreds of kinds of insects and animals. The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States. They are home to all kinds of fishes and birds.
Wetlands can do a lot of good to us. They have a very deep influence on people and the earth. Wetlands have all kinds of plants and animals because wetlands provide food and living space for them. Besides, more $\ce{O_{2}}$ comes from wetlands because of their well-developed ecosystems. Then the earth can take advantage of(利用) it to clean the air. Some wetlands are considered to be the best ecosystems on the earth. For humans, wetlands are valuable for fishing and hunting. What's more, the ability of wetlands to take in water plays a great role during times of flood. Wetlands can also protect the shoreline and clean the polluted water. Wetlands have been called the "kidneys of the earth".
However, as the environment is becoming worse and worse, the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller. Luckily, this has received much attention. Active actions are being taken. Humans can't live without wetlands, so we must try our best to protect them.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
阅读下面短文,在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词,每个空格只填1个单词。
体裁:
说明文
主题:
自然生态
难度:
★★★★★
建议用时:
9 min
正确率:
/10
China has a large number of wetlands. The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia. There are some facts that you may be interested in.
First of all, let's learn about what wetlands are like. Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind. They are covered with water. The water is mostly groundwater, which comes from a nearby river or lake. Sea water can also create wetlands. Plants that live in wetlands really like water. Wetlands that have slow water running usually grow trees. However, wetlands that have a lot of water are mainly covered with moss.
Well, what lives in the wetlands? The wetland forests in the Congo surround the Congo River. There are many tall trees. The forests make the environment wetter than other wetlands. The wetland is home to hundreds of kinds of insects and animals. The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States. They are home to all kinds of fishes and birds.
Wetlands can do a lot of good to us. They have a very deep influence on people and the earth. Wetlands have all kinds of plants and animals because wetlands provide food and living space for them. Besides, more $\ce{O_{2}}$ comes from wetlands because of their well-developed ecosystems. Then the earth can take advantage of(利用) it to clean the air. Some wetlands are considered to be the best ecosystems on the earth. For humans, wetlands are valuable for fishing and hunting. What's more, the ability of wetlands to take in water plays a great role during times of flood. Wetlands can also protect the shoreline and clean the polluted water. Wetlands have been called the "kidneys of the earth".
However, as the environment is becoming worse and worse, the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller. Luckily, this has received much attention. Active actions are being taken. Humans can't live without wetlands, so we must try our best to protect them.
1.
countries
2.
largest/biggest
3.
America
4.
rainy
5.
Wildlife
6.
Providing
7.
use
8.
pollution
9.
reducing
10.
actively
答案
四、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的环境、生物、优点和现状等。
1. countries 根据表格右侧“China”和“Congo”可知此处介绍不同国家的湿地；根据空前“different”可知此处应用名词的复数形式。故填 countries。
2. largest/biggest 根据第一段“The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia.”可知中国拥有亚洲最多的湿地；此处应用形容词的最高级。故填 largest/biggest。
3. America 根据第三段“The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States.”可知密西西比河附近的湿地是美国最著名的湿地。故填 America。
4. rainy 根据第二段“Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind.”可知湿地通常有舒适的温度，有很多雨和风；根据空后“and windy”可知此处应用形容词。故填 rainy。
5. Wildlife 根据表格右侧的内容可知，此处介绍湿地里生活的野生生物；根据表格第一栏的“Wetlands”和“The”等可知首字母需大写。故填 Wildlife。
6. Providing 根据第四段“Wetlands have all kinds of plants and animals because wetlands provide food and living space for them.”可知湿地为动植物提供了食物和生存空间；根据“Taking”和“Protecting”可知此处应用动名词形式且首字母需大写。故填 Providing。
7. use 根据第四段“Besides, more $\ce{O_{2}}$ comes from wetlands ... Then the earth can take advantage of it to clean the air.”可知地球可以利用更多来自湿地的氧气来清洁空气；take advantage of = make use of 表示“利用”。故填 use。
8. pollution 根据第四段“Wetlands can also protect the shoreline and clean the polluted water.”可知湿地还可以保护海岸线，清洁被污染的水。故填 pollution。
9. reducing 根据最后一段“the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller”可知世界湿地面积越来越小，即正在减少；此处时态是现在进行时。故填 reducing。
10. actively 根据最后一段“Active actions are being taken.”可知人们正在采取积极的行动；修饰空前动词短语“take action”，应用副词。故填 actively。
1. countries 根据表格右侧“China”和“Congo”可知此处介绍不同国家的湿地；根据空前“different”可知此处应用名词的复数形式。故填 countries。
2. largest/biggest 根据第一段“The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia.”可知中国拥有亚洲最多的湿地；此处应用形容词的最高级。故填 largest/biggest。
3. America 根据第三段“The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States.”可知密西西比河附近的湿地是美国最著名的湿地。故填 America。
4. rainy 根据第二段“Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind.”可知湿地通常有舒适的温度，有很多雨和风；根据空后“and windy”可知此处应用形容词。故填 rainy。
5. Wildlife 根据表格右侧的内容可知，此处介绍湿地里生活的野生生物；根据表格第一栏的“Wetlands”和“The”等可知首字母需大写。故填 Wildlife。
6. Providing 根据第四段“Wetlands have all kinds of plants and animals because wetlands provide food and living space for them.”可知湿地为动植物提供了食物和生存空间；根据“Taking”和“Protecting”可知此处应用动名词形式且首字母需大写。故填 Providing。
7. use 根据第四段“Besides, more $\ce{O_{2}}$ comes from wetlands ... Then the earth can take advantage of it to clean the air.”可知地球可以利用更多来自湿地的氧气来清洁空气；take advantage of = make use of 表示“利用”。故填 use。
8. pollution 根据第四段“Wetlands can also protect the shoreline and clean the polluted water.”可知湿地还可以保护海岸线，清洁被污染的水。故填 pollution。
9. reducing 根据最后一段“the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller”可知世界湿地面积越来越小，即正在减少；此处时态是现在进行时。故填 reducing。
10. actively 根据最后一段“Active actions are being taken.”可知人们正在采取积极的行动；修饰空前动词短语“take action”，应用副词。故填 actively。
解析
【分析】解题时，先梳理文章结构，明确各段落主题（湿地概况、湿地生物、湿地作用、湿地现状）。针对每个空格，第一步定位原文对应段落找相关信息；第二步分析空格前后的语法要求（如名词复数、形容词、动名词、副词等）；第三步提取原文词汇，必要时进行词形转换，同时注意首字母大写等格式细节，确保填入的单词符合语境和语法。
【解析】1. 根据表格“Different countries”及原文提到的中国、刚果等不同国家的湿地，空前“different”后接名词复数，故填countries；2. 由原文第一段“The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia”可知中国拥有亚洲最大的湿地面积，此处用形容词最高级，故填largest/biggest；3. 根据原文第三段“The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States”，对应表格“Most famous”的国家，故填America；4. 原文第二段“Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind”，结合空后“and windy”需用形容词，故填rainy；5. 表格对应湿地生物的内容，结合原文第三段关于湿地动植物的描述，首字母大写，故填Wildlife；6. 原文第四段“wetlands provide food and living space for them”，结合同栏“Taking”“Protecting”用动名词，首字母大写，故填Providing；7. 原文第四段“take advantage of”意为“利用”，同义表达为make use of，故填use；8. 原文第四段“clean the polluted water”，转换为名词形式，故填pollution；9. 原文最后一段“the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller”，现在进行时，故填reducing；10. 原文最后一段“Active actions are being taken”，修饰动词短语“take action”用副词，故填actively。
【答案】1. countries 2. largest/biggest 3. America 4. rainy 5. Wildlife 6. Providing 7. use 8. pollution 9. reducing 10. actively
【知识点】细节理解；词性转换；固定搭配
【点评】本题为任务型阅读，聚焦说明文类文本，考查学生的细节定位能力、词汇运用及词性转换能力，需结合原文信息并兼顾语法规则，是对阅读综合能力的考查。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 根据表格“Different countries”及原文提到的中国、刚果等不同国家的湿地，空前“different”后接名词复数，故填countries；2. 由原文第一段“The area of wetlands in China takes first place in Asia”可知中国拥有亚洲最大的湿地面积，此处用形容词最高级，故填largest/biggest；3. 根据原文第三段“The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States”，对应表格“Most famous”的国家，故填America；4. 原文第二段“Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind”，结合空后“and windy”需用形容词，故填rainy；5. 表格对应湿地生物的内容，结合原文第三段关于湿地动植物的描述，首字母大写，故填Wildlife；6. 原文第四段“wetlands provide food and living space for them”，结合同栏“Taking”“Protecting”用动名词，首字母大写，故填Providing；7. 原文第四段“take advantage of”意为“利用”，同义表达为make use of，故填use；8. 原文第四段“clean the polluted water”，转换为名词形式，故填pollution；9. 原文最后一段“the area of wetlands in the world is getting smaller and smaller”，现在进行时，故填reducing；10. 原文最后一段“Active actions are being taken”，修饰动词短语“take action”用副词，故填actively。
【答案】1. countries 2. largest/biggest 3. America 4. rainy 5. Wildlife 6. Providing 7. use 8. pollution 9. reducing 10. actively
【知识点】细节理解；词性转换；固定搭配
【点评】本题为任务型阅读，聚焦说明文类文本，考查学生的细节定位能力、词汇运用及词性转换能力，需结合原文信息并兼顾语法规则，是对阅读综合能力的考查。
【难度系数】0.5
