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五、首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
体裁：说明文
主题：环境保护
难度：★★★★★
建议用时：8 min
正确率：/10
Shanghai's Dongtan National Nature Reserve was added to the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024. It is the city's first World Natural Heritage Site. Dongtan l 1 at the mouth of the Yangtze River. Each year, nearly one million birds stop there for short stays or wintering. To protect these birds, a nature reserve was set u 2 in Dongtan's wetlands in 1998. In 2005, it became a national bird nature reserve.
Since 1998, great e 3 have been made to protect the wetland ecosystem. One of the biggest challenges is to control cordgrass. This invasive(侵入的) plant was introduced in the mid-1990s to Chongming for shoreline protection. H 4, the grass grew too quickly across the Dongtan mudflats. As a result, many native plants died and the homes of birds were in danger.
Starting from 2002, the reserve has tried a number of ways to get r 5 of these plants. Finally, a plan was worked out. The first step was to build physical barriers(屏障) to p 6 spread of the grass. Once the barriers were built, water was allowed into small areas. Above the water line, the grass was cut. Their roots(根) were left underwater for half a year. This effectively k 7 these roots. When the soil dried out, native plants were replanted.
The method has proved to be s 8. "Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population(数量) of birds here," said a worker at the reserve. One e 9 is the little swans. "The population monitored in Dongtan in the 1990s was 3,000 to 3,500. In 2000, the number of little swans d 10 quickly. But during the recent wintering season, we counted more than 2,900 little swans," said another staff member. He added that many birds are arriving at Dongtan because its improved ecosystem offers the perfect homes.
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根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
体裁：说明文
主题：环境保护
难度：★★★★★
建议用时：8 min
正确率：/10
Shanghai's Dongtan National Nature Reserve was added to the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024. It is the city's first World Natural Heritage Site. Dongtan l 1 at the mouth of the Yangtze River. Each year, nearly one million birds stop there for short stays or wintering. To protect these birds, a nature reserve was set u 2 in Dongtan's wetlands in 1998. In 2005, it became a national bird nature reserve.
Since 1998, great e 3 have been made to protect the wetland ecosystem. One of the biggest challenges is to control cordgrass. This invasive(侵入的) plant was introduced in the mid-1990s to Chongming for shoreline protection. H 4, the grass grew too quickly across the Dongtan mudflats. As a result, many native plants died and the homes of birds were in danger.
Starting from 2002, the reserve has tried a number of ways to get r 5 of these plants. Finally, a plan was worked out. The first step was to build physical barriers(屏障) to p 6 spread of the grass. Once the barriers were built, water was allowed into small areas. Above the water line, the grass was cut. Their roots(根) were left underwater for half a year. This effectively k 7 these roots. When the soil dried out, native plants were replanted.
The method has proved to be s 8. "Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population(数量) of birds here," said a worker at the reserve. One e 9 is the little swans. "The population monitored in Dongtan in the 1990s was 3,000 to 3,500. In 2000, the number of little swans d 10 quickly. But during the recent wintering season, we counted more than 2,900 little swans," said another staff member. He added that many birds are arriving at Dongtan because its improved ecosystem offers the perfect homes.
1.
lies
2.
up
3.
efforts
4.
However
5.
rid
6.
prevent
7.
killed
8.
successful
9.
example
10.
dropped
答案
五、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区成为世界自然遗产，为保护鸟类及湿地生态系统做出了努力。
1. lies 根据空后“at the mouth of the Yangtze River”可知此处介绍东滩的地理位置，位于长江入海口；表示客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故填 lies。
2. up 根据空前“To protect these birds, a nature reserve”可知为了保护鸟类，1998 年在东滩湿地建立了自然保护区；set up 表示“建立”。故填 up。
3. efforts 根据下文“Starting from 2002, the reserve has tried a number of ways to get $\underline{r 5}$ of these plants.”可知为保护湿地生态系统付出了很多努力；根据空后“have”可知应用名词的复数形式。故填 efforts。
4. However 根据上文“This invasive plant was introduced in the mid-1990s to Chongming for shoreline protection.”和下文“the grass grew too quickly across the Dongtan mudflats ... the homes of birds were in danger”是转折关系。故填 However。
5. rid 根据下文“Once the barriers were built ... This effectively $\underline{k 7}$ these roots.”可知保护区尝试了多种方法来清除互花米草；get rid of 表示“清除”。故填 rid。
6. prevent 根据空后“spread of the grass”和下文“Once the barriers were built, water was allowed into small areas ...”可知建立屏障是为了阻止互花米草蔓延。故填 prevent。
7. killed 根据上文“Once the barriers were built ... Their roots were left underwater for half a year.”可知一系列操作是为了有效地除掉草根；根据上文“were”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 killed。
8. successful 根据下文“Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population of birds here”可知保护区的鸟类数量增加，由此可知清除互花米草的方法是成功的。故填 successful。
9. example 根据上文“Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population of birds here”和空后“the little swans”可知保护区的鸟类数量增加，小天鹅是其中一例。故填 example。
10. dropped 根据上文“a great increase in the population of birds here” “The population ... in the 1990s was 3,000 to 3,500.”和下文“But during the recent wintering season, we counted more than 2,900 little swans”可知小天鹅的数量在 20 世纪 90 年代是 3 000 至 3 500，最近增加后是 2 900，由此可知 2000 年数量迅速下降；根据空前“In 2000”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 dropped。
1. lies 根据空后“at the mouth of the Yangtze River”可知此处介绍东滩的地理位置，位于长江入海口；表示客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故填 lies。
2. up 根据空前“To protect these birds, a nature reserve”可知为了保护鸟类，1998 年在东滩湿地建立了自然保护区；set up 表示“建立”。故填 up。
3. efforts 根据下文“Starting from 2002, the reserve has tried a number of ways to get $\underline{r 5}$ of these plants.”可知为保护湿地生态系统付出了很多努力；根据空后“have”可知应用名词的复数形式。故填 efforts。
4. However 根据上文“This invasive plant was introduced in the mid-1990s to Chongming for shoreline protection.”和下文“the grass grew too quickly across the Dongtan mudflats ... the homes of birds were in danger”是转折关系。故填 However。
5. rid 根据下文“Once the barriers were built ... This effectively $\underline{k 7}$ these roots.”可知保护区尝试了多种方法来清除互花米草；get rid of 表示“清除”。故填 rid。
6. prevent 根据空后“spread of the grass”和下文“Once the barriers were built, water was allowed into small areas ...”可知建立屏障是为了阻止互花米草蔓延。故填 prevent。
7. killed 根据上文“Once the barriers were built ... Their roots were left underwater for half a year.”可知一系列操作是为了有效地除掉草根；根据上文“were”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 killed。
8. successful 根据下文“Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population of birds here”可知保护区的鸟类数量增加，由此可知清除互花米草的方法是成功的。故填 successful。
9. example 根据上文“Our bird monitoring results have shown a great increase in the population of birds here”和空后“the little swans”可知保护区的鸟类数量增加，小天鹅是其中一例。故填 example。
10. dropped 根据上文“a great increase in the population of birds here” “The population ... in the 1990s was 3,000 to 3,500.”和下文“But during the recent wintering season, we counted more than 2,900 little swans”可知小天鹅的数量在 20 世纪 90 年代是 3 000 至 3 500，最近增加后是 2 900，由此可知 2000 年数量迅速下降；根据空前“In 2000”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 dropped。
解析
【分析】
解答首字母填空题，需遵循三步思路：①通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕上海东滩自然保护区的环保举措展开）；②结合空格前后的语境、固定搭配、语法规则（词性、时态、单复数等）推断缺失单词；③代入验证，确保单词符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. lies：空格后提到“长江入海口”，是介绍东滩的地理位置，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Dongtan是单数，故填lies。
2. up：根据语境“建立自然保护区”，固定搭配set up表示“建立”，故填up。
3. efforts：固定搭配make efforts表示“努力”，此处指为保护湿地生态系统付出诸多努力，且由have可知用名词复数，故填efforts。
4. However：上文提到引入互花米草用于护岸，下文提到其快速生长威胁本土植物和鸟类，前后为转折关系，故填However。
5. rid：根据语境“清除这些植物”，固定搭配get rid of表示“清除”，故填rid。
6. prevent：建立物理屏障的目的是阻止草的蔓延，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填prevent。
7. killed：根据语境，草根被留在水下半年，有效杀死了草根，描述过去的动作用一般过去时，故填killed。
8. successful：下文提到鸟类数量大幅增加，说明清除互花米草的方法是成功的，此处用形容词作表语，故填successful。
9. example：上文提到鸟类数量增加，下文举小天鹅的例子，one example表示“一个例子”，故填example。
10. dropped：上文提到20世纪90年代小天鹅数量是3000-3500，下文提到2000年数量迅速下降，描述过去的动作用一般过去时，故填dropped。
【答案】
1. lies 2. up 3. efforts 4. However 5. rid 6. prevent 7. killed 8. successful 9. example 10. dropped
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定短语搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题为环保主题的首字母填空题，综合考查学生的语境理解、固定搭配运用及语法分析能力，需结合上下文逻辑关系和词汇知识解题，难度较高。
【难度系数】
0.2
解答首字母填空题，需遵循三步思路：①通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕上海东滩自然保护区的环保举措展开）；②结合空格前后的语境、固定搭配、语法规则（词性、时态、单复数等）推断缺失单词；③代入验证，确保单词符合语义和语法要求。
【解析】
1. lies：空格后提到“长江入海口”，是介绍东滩的地理位置，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Dongtan是单数，故填lies。
2. up：根据语境“建立自然保护区”，固定搭配set up表示“建立”，故填up。
3. efforts：固定搭配make efforts表示“努力”，此处指为保护湿地生态系统付出诸多努力，且由have可知用名词复数，故填efforts。
4. However：上文提到引入互花米草用于护岸，下文提到其快速生长威胁本土植物和鸟类，前后为转折关系，故填However。
5. rid：根据语境“清除这些植物”，固定搭配get rid of表示“清除”，故填rid。
6. prevent：建立物理屏障的目的是阻止草的蔓延，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填prevent。
7. killed：根据语境，草根被留在水下半年，有效杀死了草根，描述过去的动作用一般过去时，故填killed。
8. successful：下文提到鸟类数量大幅增加，说明清除互花米草的方法是成功的，此处用形容词作表语，故填successful。
9. example：上文提到鸟类数量增加，下文举小天鹅的例子，one example表示“一个例子”，故填example。
10. dropped：上文提到20世纪90年代小天鹅数量是3000-3500，下文提到2000年数量迅速下降，描述过去的动作用一般过去时，故填dropped。
【答案】
1. lies 2. up 3. efforts 4. However 5. rid 6. prevent 7. killed 8. successful 9. example 10. dropped
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定短语搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题为环保主题的首字母填空题，综合考查学生的语境理解、固定搭配运用及语法分析能力，需结合上下文逻辑关系和词汇知识解题，难度较高。
【难度系数】
0.2
