七、语法填空。(每小题1.5分,共15分)
Animals are 1. (people) friends. But many wild animals are facing the danger of dying out, 2. the environment that they are living in changed greatly. For example, their living area has become smaller and smaller because of 3. (pollute) and the development of cities. They have no room to live in except the zoo. And many of the wild animals now can't find enough food to eat. At the same time, some bad men are 4. (kill) animals for their fur and meat.
People should realize 5. serious the situation is. Something should be done 6. (protect) the animals. We should set up some nature reserves so that animals can live 7. (free). And people shouldn't be allowed to kill the endangered animals. We should also do something to make our world become much 8. (clean). Fresh air, clean water and green grass 9. (be) all important for animals. The death of the endangered animals will bring 10. disaster to human beings.

1. people's 2. because 3. pollution 4. killing
5. how 6. to protect 7. freely 8. cleaner 9. are
10. a

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章主题是呼吁人类保护野生动物，理清行文逻辑后逐个推导空格：
1. 看到空格后是名词friends，需要表达“人们的朋友”的所属含义，想到要用名词所有格；
2. 空格前后是两个完整的句子，前半句说野生动物濒临灭绝，后半句说生存环境巨变，明显是因果逻辑，选择表原因的连词；
3. 空格前是because of短语，该短语后面必须接名词性成分，要把给出的动词pollute转为名词形式；
4. 空格前有be动词are，结合语境“坏人正在猎杀动物”，判断是现在进行时，要把动词变为现在分词；
5. 空格后是形容词serious，放在realize后的宾语从句中，要表达“情况有多么严重”，用how修饰形容词构成对应结构；
6. 空格前是完整的句子“要采取一些措施”，后面是动作“保护动物”，表目的用不定式结构；
7. 空格在动词live后面，修饰动词需要用副词，把形容词free转为副词形式；
8. 空格前有程度副词much，much常用来修饰形容词比较级，说明要把clean变为比较级；
9. 主语是多个并列的事物，为复数含义，全文是一般现在时，be动词用复数形式；
10. 空格后是可数名词disaster单数，表达“一场灾难”，填不定冠词a。最后通读全文验证所有空格逻辑通顺、语法正确即可。
【解析】
1. 此处需要表达所属关系“人们的”，修饰后面的名词friends，people的名词所有格形式为people's。
2. 后半句是前半句“很多野生动物濒临灭绝”的原因，用表原因的从属连词because连接两个句子。
3. because of后接名词性成分，动词pollute变为名词形式pollution，意为“污染”。
4. 本句为现在进行时，结构为“be动词+现在分词”，kill的现在分词形式为killing。
5. 此处为宾语从句的引导词，修饰形容词serious，表达“多么严重”，用连接副词how。
6. 此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表“采取措施的目的是保护动物”，填to protect。
7. 此处修饰动词live，需要用副词作状语，形容词free变为副词形式freely，意为“自由地”。
8. 程度副词much可修饰形容词比较级，此处表示“让我们的世界变得干净得多”，clean的比较级为cleaner。
9. 主语是Fresh air, clean water and green grass三个并列成分，表示复数含义，全文为一般现在时，be动词用are。
10. 此处表示“一场灾难”，disaster是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，填不定冠词a。
【答案】
1. people's 2. because 3. pollution 4. killing
5. how 6. to protect 7. freely 8. cleaner 9. are
10. a
【知识点】
词性转换，非谓语动词，词法搭配
【点评】
本题围绕野生动物保护的主题设题，覆盖了初中英语核心的词法、句法考点，既考查名词所有格、比较级、时态变形等基础变形，也考查连词、冠词等虚词的逻辑用法，需要学生结合上下文语义和句子结构综合判断，能有效检验学生的语法基础掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7

八、阅读与回答问题。(每小题2分,共10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
Ryrkaypiy is a village. Standing on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, it has to brave both the Arctic's cold weather and wild animals like polar bears. Most of the area's polar bears live a few miles away from Ryrkaypiy. Only a few bears come near to the village now and then.
But in 2019, over 50 polar bears went to Ryrkaypiy in search of food. The villagers were told to stay indoors to avoid danger. Now, polar bears come to the village more often and in larger numbers than ever.
Although polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their life on the sea ice. The ice gives them a place where they can have a rest and catch fish. But as the temperature rises because of global warming, the bears have started to find their home disappearing.
Polar bears normally go onto dry land in summer and return to the ice when the ocean freezes again in autumn. But over the past few years, the ocean has frozen later and later, and the ice area has become smaller and smaller. Unable to live on the ice, hungry polar bears have to look for food on land, including villages like Ryrkaypiy.
In some countries, polar bears are considered as endangered animals. If the earth becomes so warm that there is no longer enough ice for the bears to live on, there will probably be no polar bears.
Immediate action must be taken to help polar bears.
1. Why did polar bears go to Ryrkaypiy in 2019?

2. What can polar bears do on the sea ice?

3. When do polar bears normally go onto dry land?

4. What will probably happen to polar bears if there is not enough ice?

5. What can we do to protect polar bears?

1. In search of food. 2. They can have a rest and catch fish. 3. In summer. 4. They will probably disappear. /There will be no polar bears. 5. Set up nature reserves in the Arctic.（言之有理即可）

【分析】
这是一篇阅读理解问答题，解题的核心思路是先抓取每道题干的关键词，回到原文精准定位对应段落，优先从原文提取匹配的信息作答，最后一道开放题结合文章提到的全球变暖背景给出符合逻辑的合理措施即可。具体思考路径：1. 第一题抓关键词"2019"，直接去原文找带2019的句子就能直接得到原因；2. 第二题抓关键词"sea ice"，找到描述海冰作用的段落提取北极熊能做的事；3. 第三题抓关键词"go onto dry land"，定位到对应句子直接提取时间；4. 第四题抓关键词"not enough ice"，找到对应的假设句提取结果；5. 第五题围绕保护极地环境、减缓全球变暖的方向给出可行措施即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第一句"But in 2019, over 50 polar bears went to Ryrkaypiy in search of food."，直接提取北极熊前往村庄的原因即可。
2. 定位原文第三段第二句"The ice gives them a place where they can have a rest and catch fish."，句中ice指代前文提到的sea ice，整理得到北极熊在海冰上可以做的事。
3. 定位原文第四段第一句"Polar bears normally go onto dry land in summer and return to the ice when the ocean freezes again in autumn."，直接提取对应的时间信息。
4. 定位原文第五段最后一句"If the earth becomes so warm that there is no longer enough ice for the bears to live on, there will probably be no polar bears."，整理得到最终结果即可。
5. 本题为开放性作答，只要围绕保护极地生态、减缓全球变暖的方向给出合理可行的措施都符合要求，例如建立极地自然保护区、减少碳排放等。
【答案】
1. In search of food.
2. They can have a rest and catch fish.
3. In summer.
4. They will probably disappear. /There will be no polar bears.
5. Set up nature reserves in the Arctic.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
英语细节阅读
信息提取整合
环保常识应用
【点评】
本题属于基础类阅读问答题型，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中定位获取，难度较低，既考察了学生快速查找文本信息的能力，最后一道开放题也引导学生结合文章提到的全球变暖背景思考极地动物保护的相关措施，渗透了环保意识，作答时注意保证句子语法正确即可。
【难度系数】
0.8