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六、阅读短文并回答问题。
Have you ever seen a greenhouse? Most greenhouses look like a small glass house. Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in winter. Greenhouses work by trapping(吸收) heat from the sun. The glass panels(板) of the greenhouse let light in, but keep heat from escaping(逃走). This causes the greenhouse to heat up, and keeps the plants warm enough to live in winter.
The Earth's atmosphere(大气) is all around us. It is the air that we breathe. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouse. Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the blanket of greenhouse gases. As it reaches the Earth's surface, land, water, and biosphere(生物圈), they take up the sunlight's energy. Once the heat is taken up, this energy is sent back into the atmosphere. Some of the energy passes back into space, but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up.
The greenhouse effect is important. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live. But if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, it could make the Earth warmer than usual. Even a little extra warming may bring problems to humans, plants, and animals.
1. What are greenhouses used for?
2. Why is the temperature in the greenhouse higher than that outside?
3. What behaves much like the glass panels in a greenhouse?
4. If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, what would happen?
5. Will it cause problems if the greenhouse effect becomes too strong?
Have you ever seen a greenhouse? Most greenhouses look like a small glass house. Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in winter. Greenhouses work by trapping(吸收) heat from the sun. The glass panels(板) of the greenhouse let light in, but keep heat from escaping(逃走). This causes the greenhouse to heat up, and keeps the plants warm enough to live in winter.
The Earth's atmosphere(大气) is all around us. It is the air that we breathe. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouse. Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the blanket of greenhouse gases. As it reaches the Earth's surface, land, water, and biosphere(生物圈), they take up the sunlight's energy. Once the heat is taken up, this energy is sent back into the atmosphere. Some of the energy passes back into space, but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up.
The greenhouse effect is important. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live. But if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, it could make the Earth warmer than usual. Even a little extra warming may bring problems to humans, plants, and animals.
1. What are greenhouses used for?
They are used for growing plants.
2. Why is the temperature in the greenhouse higher than that outside?
Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in, and keep heat from escaping.
3. What behaves much like the glass panels in a greenhouse?
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
4. If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, what would happen?
If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live.
5. Will it cause problems if the greenhouse effect becomes too strong?
Yes, it will.
答案
1. They are used for growing plants. 2. Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in, and keep heat from escaping. 3. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 4. If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live. 5. Yes, it will.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类的细节型阅读问答题，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读全文，了解文章关于温室和温室效应的基础科普内容，之后针对每一个问题，带着问题的关键词回到原文精准定位对应的语句，直接提取匹配的信息整理成符合问答要求的回答即可，不需要额外进行复杂的推理，所有答案都能在原文中找到明确依据。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第三句"Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in winter"，提取核心信息，将问句的被动语态对应转换，得到对应答案。
2. 定位原文第一段倒数第二句"The glass panels of the greenhouse let light in, but keep heat from escaping"，该句直接解释了温室内部温度高于外界的原理，整理为原因类回答即可。
3. 定位原文第二段第三句"Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouse"，直接提取句子的主语部分即为问题对应的答案。
4. 定位原文第三段第二句"Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live"，按照问题的假设条件调整表述，直接引用原文内容作答。
5. 定位原文第三段末尾内容，可知过强的温室效应会带来全球变暖等诸多问题，因此对该一般疑问句作出肯定回答。
【答案】
1. They are used for growing plants.
2. Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in, and keep heat from escaping.
3. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
4. If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live.
5. Yes, it will.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，温室效应常识，英语问答规范
【点评】
本题属于基础的阅读理解题型，所有设问的答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应原句，主要考查学生快速在文本中定位有效信息的能力，同时还能帮助学生了解温室效应的相关科普知识，答题时尽量依托原文内容作答，避免主观编造内容就很容易拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类的细节型阅读问答题，解题思路非常清晰：首先先通读全文，了解文章关于温室和温室效应的基础科普内容，之后针对每一个问题，带着问题的关键词回到原文精准定位对应的语句，直接提取匹配的信息整理成符合问答要求的回答即可，不需要额外进行复杂的推理，所有答案都能在原文中找到明确依据。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第三句"Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in winter"，提取核心信息，将问句的被动语态对应转换，得到对应答案。
2. 定位原文第一段倒数第二句"The glass panels of the greenhouse let light in, but keep heat from escaping"，该句直接解释了温室内部温度高于外界的原理，整理为原因类回答即可。
3. 定位原文第二段第三句"Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panels in a greenhouse"，直接提取句子的主语部分即为问题对应的答案。
4. 定位原文第三段第二句"Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live"，按照问题的假设条件调整表述，直接引用原文内容作答。
5. 定位原文第三段末尾内容，可知过强的温室效应会带来全球变暖等诸多问题，因此对该一般疑问句作出肯定回答。
【答案】
1. They are used for growing plants.
2. Because the glass panels of the greenhouse can let light in, and keep heat from escaping.
3. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
4. If we didn't have the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live.
5. Yes, it will.
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，温室效应常识，英语问答规范
【点评】
本题属于基础的阅读理解题型，所有设问的答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应原句，主要考查学生快速在文本中定位有效信息的能力，同时还能帮助学生了解温室效应的相关科普知识，答题时尽量依托原文内容作答，避免主观编造内容就很容易拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
