四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Lofton is a small village in England. It is not far from the city of Manchester. There are not many families in the village, so people here know each other. Most of them are f 1 and helpful.
Though(尽管) t 2 homes are in Lofton, many people have jobs in Manchester. Some work in large f 3 there. A few work in shops or offices. Most of them go to w 4 by train. It usually t 5 them about half an hour from Lofton to Manchester.
In the evening, a lot of people like w 6 TV. If they want to see a film, they have to go to Manchester. There are no c 7 in Lofton.
Like many other v 8 near towns or cities, Lofton is clean and quiet. Life here may not be so e 9 as that in big cities, but it is comfortable. That is w 10 the people in Lofton love their village.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. friendly 2. their 3. factories 4. work 5. takes
6. watching 7. cinemas 8. villages 9. exciting
10. why

【分析】
做这类首字母填空题，首先要先通读全文，理清文章主旨：本文介绍了英国小村庄Lofton的居民生活特点。接下来逐空分析：第一步先判断空格所需的词性，再结合前后文语境、固定搭配和给出的首字母提示推导词义，最后还要根据语法规则确定单词的正确形式，填完后通读全文检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。比如遇到and连接并列成分的结构，就可以参考并列部分的词性来确定空格词性；遇到固定句型直接对应匹配词汇即可。
【解析】
1. 空格后是并列形容词helpful，说明此处需要填入描述人性格的形容词，首字母为f，结合村民彼此熟悉的语境，填friendly，意为“友善的”。
2. 空格后是名词homes，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，首字母为t，语境为“他们的家在Lofton，很多人在曼彻斯特工作”，填their，意为“他们的”。
3. 空格前是形容词large，需要填入表示工作场所的名词，首字母为f，对应“工厂”，此处用复数表示多个工厂，填factories。
4. 此处是固定搭配go to work，意为“去上班”，首字母为w，填work。
5. 此处是固定句型it takes sb some time to do sth，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，主语it是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词变形为takes，首字母为t，填takes。
6. 此处是固定搭配like doing sth，意为“喜欢做某事”，“看电视”是watch TV，动名词形式为watching，首字母为w，填watching。
7. 前文提到人们要去曼彻斯特看电影，说明本地没有电影院，there are no后接可数名词复数，首字母为c，填cinemas。
8. 语境为“和很多其他靠近城镇的村庄一样”，many other后接可数名词复数，首字母为v，填villages。
9. 此处是not so+形容词原级+as的结构，意为“不如……”，首字母为e，描述大城市的生活，填exciting，意为“令人兴奋的”。
10. 此处是固定句式That's why...，意为“那就是……的原因”，语境为“这就是Lofton的居民热爱他们村庄的原因”，首字母为w，填why。
【答案】
1. friendly 2. their 3. factories 4. work 5. takes
6. watching 7. cinemas 8. villages 9. exciting 10. why
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，词性变形，语境逻辑推理
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的记叙文类首字母填空，所考查词汇均为初中核心常用词，多数空格依托常见固定搭配即可推导，仅少数空格需要结合语境判断词义，学生解题时要特别注意名词复数、动名词这类词形变化，避免因为形式错误丢分。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、传统文化 阅读理解。
The Longtaitou Festival, also known as the Eryue'er Festival, is a traditional festival. It is on the second day of the second month of the Chinese lunar calendar. This year it fell on 1st March.
This festival was important in ancient(古代的) China. People thought after this day the rain would increase(增加). So it marked the start of spring and farming.
There are many ways to celebrate the festival. The most famous tradition is to have a haircut. Some people think that having a haircut on this day brings them good luck and that having a haircut in the first Chinese lunar month will cause their uncles to die.
People in East China's Fujian Province eat tofu balls during the festival. Eating cheng yao cakes on this day is a tradition in Suzhou, East China's Jiangsu Province. It is said that if you eat cheng yao cakes on Longtaitou, your waist(腰) won't hurt the whole year.
Noodles, dumplings, and spring rolls(春卷), are all named after dragons. Noodles are called dragons' beard(long xu), dumplings are dragons' ears(long er), and spring rolls are dragons' scales(long lin). People say that eating these foods on this day can bring good luck.
()1. When was the Longtaitou Festival this year?
A. It was on 2nd February.
B. It was on 1st February.
C. It was on 2nd March.
D. It was on 1st March.
()2. Why was this festival important in ancient China?
A. Because it was time to begin to farm.
B. Because it was a symbol of good luck.
C. Because people could eat different kinds of foods.
D. Because people could have a haircut.
()3. What are called dragons' ears?
A. Noodles.
B. Spring rolls.
C. Dumplings.
D. Tofu balls.
()4. Why don't some people cut their hair in the first Chinese lunar month?
A. To avoid bringing bad luck to their uncles.
B. To bring bad luck to their uncles.
C. To bring good luck to their uncles.
D. To solve their uncles' problems.

1. D 【点拨】根据第一段中“It is on the second day of the second month of the Chinese lunar calendar. This year it fell on 1st March. ”可知,今年的龙抬头节日在3月1日。故选 D。
2. A 【点拨】根据“People thought after this day the rain would increase(增加). So it marked the start of spring and farming. ”可知,在古代人们认为在这一天之后雨水会增加,所以它标志着春天和耕种的开始。故选 A。
3. C 【点拨】根据“... dumplings are dragons' ears (longer) ...”可知,饺子被称作“龙耳”。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据“... that having a haircut in the first Chinese lunar month will cause their uncles to die. ”可知,是为了避免给舅舅带来不好的运气。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统节日龙抬头的细节类阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读题干标记每道题的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，直接匹配信息就能选出正确答案，不需要复杂的推理，所有题目的答案都能在原文中找到明确依据。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段最后一句"This year it fell on 1st March."，直接可知今年龙抬头在3月1日，对应选项D，排除其余错误时间选项。
2. 定位原文第二段最后一句"So it marked the start of spring and farming."，可知古代该节日很重要是因为它标志着春天和农耕的开启，对应选项A，其余选项里的求好运、吃特色食物、理发都是节日的相关习俗，不是它在古代重要的原因。
3. 定位原文最后一句中"dumplings are dragons' ears(long er)"的表述，可知饺子被叫做龙耳，对应选项C，面条是龙须、春卷是龙鳞、豆腐球是福建特色节日食物，均不符合题意。
4. 定位原文第三段"having a haircut in the first Chinese lunar month will cause their uncles to die"的表述，可知部分人认为正月理发会对舅舅不利，所以正月不理发是为了避免给舅舅带来厄运，对应选项A。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，传统节日文化，英语信息提取
【点评】
本题属于传统文化融合类的英语阅读题，全部为细节理解题型，难度很低，既考察学生快速抓取题干关键词、在原文定位匹配信息的阅读基础能力，也能让学生在做题过程中了解龙抬头的相关传统习俗，实现语言学习和文化知识科普的结合。
【难度系数】
0.9