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一、根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. You should spend more time
2. He
3. Students need to keep a
4. My best friend and I have
5.
1. You should spend more time
reviewing
(review) your lessons before the exams.2. He
avoids
(avoid) his problems instead of facing them.3. Students need to keep a
balance
(balance) between study and play.4. My best friend and I have
similar
(similar) tastes in music.5.
Robots
(robot) can do many things fast and well.答案
1. reviewing
2. avoids
3. balance
4. similar
5. Robots
2. avoids
3. balance
4. similar
5. Robots
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合固定搭配、主谓一致、词性转换等基础规则解题：1. 涉及固定短语的动词形式要求；2. 需根据主语人称确定动词形式；3. 不定冠词后接名词的规则；4. 修饰名词需用形容词的用法；5. 谓语动词形式对应主语的单复数要求。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配为spend time (in) doing sth，意为“花费时间做某事”，需将动词review变为动名词形式reviewing；
2. 句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词avoid需用第三人称单数形式avoids；
3. 不定冠词a后需接名词，balance作名词意为“平衡”，故填balance；
4. 此处修饰名词tastes，需用形容词，similar是形容词“相似的”，故填similar；
5. 谓语动词can为原形，主语需用复数形式，robot的复数是robots，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Robots。
【答案】
1. reviewing
2. avoids
3. balance
4. similar
5. Robots
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词时态、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词形变换题，考查核心基础知识点，侧重对常用短语、词性规则的掌握，是巩固英语基础的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合固定搭配、主谓一致、词性转换等基础规则解题：1. 涉及固定短语的动词形式要求；2. 需根据主语人称确定动词形式；3. 不定冠词后接名词的规则；4. 修饰名词需用形容词的用法；5. 谓语动词形式对应主语的单复数要求。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配为spend time (in) doing sth，意为“花费时间做某事”，需将动词review变为动名词形式reviewing；
2. 句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词avoid需用第三人称单数形式avoids；
3. 不定冠词a后需接名词，balance作名词意为“平衡”，故填balance；
4. 此处修饰名词tastes，需用形容词，similar是形容词“相似的”，故填similar；
5. 谓语动词can为原形，主语需用复数形式，robot的复数是robots，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Robots。
【答案】
1. reviewing
2. avoids
3. balance
4. similar
5. Robots
【知识点】
固定搭配、动词时态、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词形变换题，考查核心基础知识点，侧重对常用短语、词性规则的掌握，是巩固英语基础的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、阅读理解。
Struggles（挣扎）in Life
①Problems in life can be bad or good. It depends on the way we deal with them. Success doesn't come without hard work.
②A biology teacher was teaching students how a caterpillar（毛毛虫） becomes a butterfly. He said, "In the next few hours, the butterfly is going to have a difficult time getting out of the cocoon（茧）. You should watch carefully and no one should help it." Then he left.
③Then the students waited. The butterfly tried very hard to get out of the cocoon. One student felt sorry for the butterfly and broke the cocoon. He thought the butterfly didn't need to struggle anymore. But soon, the butterfly died.
④When the teacher came back and knew what happened, he told the students that the help killed it in fact. It's a law of nature. The struggle to get out of the cocoon makes the butterfly's wings（翅膀）strong.
⑤The same thing is true in our life. Everything we get comes from struggles. As teenagers, we are like that butterfly in the cocoon. We will face many difficulties and struggles. But these are chances for us to grow. Let's be brave to face all the struggles and become better.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A. Hard work.
B. Help from our teachers.
C. Lots of time.
D. Much money.
(
A. He asked the students to catch a butterfly in the classroom.
B. He asked one student to help a butterfly come out.
C. He showed the students a video about how a butterfly came out from the cocoon.
D. He asked his students to watch the butterfly come out from the cocoon carefully.
(
A. It flew away at once.
B. It became stronger and bigger.
C. It died after a short time.
D. It stopped working hard.
(
A. Don't ask for help when in trouble.
B. Be brave and face the difficulties in right ways.
C. Help from others is dangerous.
D. Butterflies are beautiful, but caterpillars are not.
(
A. ①②/③④/⑤
B. ①/②③/④⑤
C. ①/②③④/⑤
D. ①/②/③④⑤
Struggles（挣扎）in Life
①Problems in life can be bad or good. It depends on the way we deal with them. Success doesn't come without hard work.
②A biology teacher was teaching students how a caterpillar（毛毛虫） becomes a butterfly. He said, "In the next few hours, the butterfly is going to have a difficult time getting out of the cocoon（茧）. You should watch carefully and no one should help it." Then he left.
③Then the students waited. The butterfly tried very hard to get out of the cocoon. One student felt sorry for the butterfly and broke the cocoon. He thought the butterfly didn't need to struggle anymore. But soon, the butterfly died.
④When the teacher came back and knew what happened, he told the students that the help killed it in fact. It's a law of nature. The struggle to get out of the cocoon makes the butterfly's wings（翅膀）strong.
⑤The same thing is true in our life. Everything we get comes from struggles. As teenagers, we are like that butterfly in the cocoon. We will face many difficulties and struggles. But these are chances for us to grow. Let's be brave to face all the struggles and become better.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A
)1. What do we need if we want to succeed according to Paragraph 1?A. Hard work.
B. Help from our teachers.
C. Lots of time.
D. Much money.
(
D
)2. What did the teacher do in Paragraph 2?A. He asked the students to catch a butterfly in the classroom.
B. He asked one student to help a butterfly come out.
C. He showed the students a video about how a butterfly came out from the cocoon.
D. He asked his students to watch the butterfly come out from the cocoon carefully.
(
C
)3. What happened to the butterfly after the student offered his help?A. It flew away at once.
B. It became stronger and bigger.
C. It died after a short time.
D. It stopped working hard.
(
B
)4. What did the teacher want to teach his students by giving this lesson?A. Don't ask for help when in trouble.
B. Be brave and face the difficulties in right ways.
C. Help from others is dangerous.
D. Butterflies are beautiful, but caterpillars are not.
(
C
)5. What is the right structure of the passage?A. ①②/③④/⑤
B. ①/②③/④⑤
C. ①/②③④/⑤
D. ①/②/③④⑤
答案
1. A 由第一段最后一句可知，没有努力就不会有成功，即如果我们想要成功，就需要努力。
2. D 由第二段老师讲的话可知，老师告诉学生在接下来的几个小时里，蝴蝶会从茧中出来，会很艰难，并且让学生仔细观察。
3. C 由第三段最后一句可知，学生帮助蝴蝶破茧后的不久，蝴蝶便死了。
4. B 由最后一段可知，老师通过蝴蝶破茧的例子告诉学生，青少年就像茧里的蝴蝶，也会面临很多困难和挑战，但需要勇敢面对。
5. C 通读全文可知，第一段提出观点，即生活中的问题好坏取决于我们的处理，成功离不开努力；第二段至第四段讲述生物老师让学生观察蝴蝶破茧、学生帮助蝴蝶、蝴蝶死亡、老师解释原因；第五段由蝴蝶破茧的故事引申到我们的生活，告诉我们要勇敢面对困难。所以本文结构是总—分—总。
2. D 由第二段老师讲的话可知，老师告诉学生在接下来的几个小时里，蝴蝶会从茧中出来，会很艰难，并且让学生仔细观察。
3. C 由第三段最后一句可知，学生帮助蝴蝶破茧后的不久，蝴蝶便死了。
4. B 由最后一段可知，老师通过蝴蝶破茧的例子告诉学生，青少年就像茧里的蝴蝶，也会面临很多困难和挑战，但需要勇敢面对。
5. C 通读全文可知，第一段提出观点，即生活中的问题好坏取决于我们的处理，成功离不开努力；第二段至第四段讲述生物老师让学生观察蝴蝶破茧、学生帮助蝴蝶、蝴蝶死亡、老师解释原因；第五段由蝴蝶破茧的故事引申到我们的生活，告诉我们要勇敢面对困难。所以本文结构是总—分—总。
解析
【分析】做此类英语阅读理解题时，需先通读全文把握核心大意，再针对每个小题的考点定位原文对应内容：1题是细节理解题，定位第一段查找成功的必备条件；2题是细节理解题，定位第二段明确老师的要求；3题是细节理解题，定位第三段确认学生帮助后的结果；4题是主旨大意题，定位最后一段提炼老师要传达的核心道理；5题是篇章结构题，需划分段落功能，明确各段在文章中的作用。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第一段最后一句“Success doesn't come without hard work.”可知，成功离不开努力，因此选A。2. 细节理解题：根据第二段老师的话“You should watch carefully and no one should help it.”可知，老师让学生仔细观察蝴蝶破茧，选D。3. 细节理解题：根据第三段最后一句“But soon, the butterfly died.”可知，学生帮助蝴蝶后不久蝴蝶死亡，选C。4. 主旨大意题：根据最后一段“Let's be brave to face all the struggles and become better.”可知，老师想教学生勇敢面对困难，选B。5. 篇章结构题：第一段提出核心观点，第二段至第四段讲述蝴蝶破茧的具体事例，第五段将事例引申到生活道理，因此文章结构为①/②③④/⑤，选C。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、英语阅读理解（篇章结构）
【点评】本文通过蝴蝶破茧的故事传达成长需经历挣扎的道理，题目涵盖三类基础阅读理解题型，需学生精准定位原文信息、梳理文章逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第一段最后一句“Success doesn't come without hard work.”可知，成功离不开努力，因此选A。2. 细节理解题：根据第二段老师的话“You should watch carefully and no one should help it.”可知，老师让学生仔细观察蝴蝶破茧，选D。3. 细节理解题：根据第三段最后一句“But soon, the butterfly died.”可知，学生帮助蝴蝶后不久蝴蝶死亡，选C。4. 主旨大意题：根据最后一段“Let's be brave to face all the struggles and become better.”可知，老师想教学生勇敢面对困难，选B。5. 篇章结构题：第一段提出核心观点，第二段至第四段讲述蝴蝶破茧的具体事例，第五段将事例引申到生活道理，因此文章结构为①/②③④/⑤，选C。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、英语阅读理解（篇章结构）
【点评】本文通过蝴蝶破茧的故事传达成长需经历挣扎的道理，题目涵盖三类基础阅读理解题型，需学生精准定位原文信息、梳理文章逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
