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B
新素材油纸伞 Over 2,000 years ago, Yuan, the wife of ancient craftsman Lu Ban, invented the first umbrella to protect her husband from the rain. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, with the invention of paper, people created oil-paper umbrellas, which soon became widely popular. By the Tang Dynasty, these beautiful umbrellas had spread across Asia and were proudly called "Tang Umbrellas" in many countries.
However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared. They were lighter, cheaper, and more convenient to use. As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared. Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List. ▲
To protect this tradition, craftsmen like Bi Liufu from Luzhou, Sichuan, have worked hard. In 2016, Bi made the world's largest oil-paper umbrella. It is over 14 metres wide. Two years later, he opened a museum to display these artistic umbrellas. He also teaches young people about the craft through school workshops and online classes.
Today, oil-paper umbrellas are no longer just practical tools. They have become cultural symbols, appearing in traditional dances, operas and even modern fashion shows. Many tourists buy them as meaningful gifts. While they are carrying China's history, people are now finding creative ways to bring them into the future.
(
A. They became lighter and cheaper.
B. People almost stopped using them.
C. They became popular in foreign countries.
D. They were all replaced by plastic umbrellas.
(
A. This helped save the craft.
B. People don't use oil-paper umbrellas now.
C. Everyone wonders why this happens.
D. A news reporter reported it.
(
A. Protect.
B. Show.
C. Sell.
D. Make.
(
①420—589 ②Tang Dynasty ③in the 1970s ④after 2008
(
A. To encourage people to use oil-paper umbrellas in their daily life.
B. To explain why modern umbrellas are better than oil-paper umbrellas.
C. To tell the history of oil-paper umbrellas and their cultural importance.
D. To express the feeling about traditional crafts in modern society.
新素材油纸伞 Over 2,000 years ago, Yuan, the wife of ancient craftsman Lu Ban, invented the first umbrella to protect her husband from the rain. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, with the invention of paper, people created oil-paper umbrellas, which soon became widely popular. By the Tang Dynasty, these beautiful umbrellas had spread across Asia and were proudly called "Tang Umbrellas" in many countries.
However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared. They were lighter, cheaper, and more convenient to use. As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared. Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List. ▲
To protect this tradition, craftsmen like Bi Liufu from Luzhou, Sichuan, have worked hard. In 2016, Bi made the world's largest oil-paper umbrella. It is over 14 metres wide. Two years later, he opened a museum to display these artistic umbrellas. He also teaches young people about the craft through school workshops and online classes.
Today, oil-paper umbrellas are no longer just practical tools. They have become cultural symbols, appearing in traditional dances, operas and even modern fashion shows. Many tourists buy them as meaningful gifts. While they are carrying China's history, people are now finding creative ways to bring them into the future.
(
B
)31. What happened to oil-paper umbrellas when modern umbrellas were invented?A. They became lighter and cheaper.
B. People almost stopped using them.
C. They became popular in foreign countries.
D. They were all replaced by plastic umbrellas.
(
A
)32. 新考法补全文章 What can be put in the " ▲ " in Paragraph 2?A. This helped save the craft.
B. People don't use oil-paper umbrellas now.
C. Everyone wonders why this happens.
D. A news reporter reported it.
(
B
)33. What does the underlined word "display" mean in Paragraph 3?A. Protect.
B. Show.
C. Sell.
D. Make.
(
B
)34. 新考法图示理解 Which of the pictures shows the right development of oil-paper umbrellas?①420—589 ②Tang Dynasty ③in the 1970s ④after 2008
(
C
)35. What's the writer's purpose in writing this article?A. To encourage people to use oil-paper umbrellas in their daily life.
B. To explain why modern umbrellas are better than oil-paper umbrellas.
C. To tell the history of oil-paper umbrellas and their cultural importance.
D. To express the feeling about traditional crafts in modern society.
答案
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了油纸伞的历史发展及其文化的重要性。
31. B 细节理解题。根据"However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared. They were lighter, cheaper, and more convenient to use. As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared."可知,当现代伞出现后,人们几乎不再使用油纸伞。故选B。
32. A 补全文章题。根据"Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List."可知,油纸伞被列入非物质文化遗产名录,这一举措对保护手艺起到积极作用,A选项"这帮助拯救了这项手艺。"符合语境。故选A。
33. B 词义猜测题。根据"he opened a museum to display these artistic umbrellas"可知,他开设博物馆是为了展示这些艺术伞,画线单词意为"展示",与show同义。故选B。
34. B 图示理解题。根据"During the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420—589), with the invention of paper, people created oil-paper umbrellas, which soon became widely popular. By the Tang Dynasty, these beautiful umbrellas had spread across Asia and were proudly called ‘Tang Umbrellas’ in many countries."、"However, in the 1970s ... traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared. Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List."可知,油纸伞在南北朝期间初有名气,在唐朝时期达到高峰,但20世纪70年代面临消失的危险,2008年列入非物质文化遗产名录后又再次得到发展。因此B图片符合。故选B。
35. C 写作意图题。通读全文可知,作者的目的是介绍油纸伞的历史演变及其在文化上的重要意义。故选C。
31. B 细节理解题。根据"However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared. They were lighter, cheaper, and more convenient to use. As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared."可知,当现代伞出现后,人们几乎不再使用油纸伞。故选B。
32. A 补全文章题。根据"Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List."可知,油纸伞被列入非物质文化遗产名录,这一举措对保护手艺起到积极作用,A选项"这帮助拯救了这项手艺。"符合语境。故选A。
33. B 词义猜测题。根据"he opened a museum to display these artistic umbrellas"可知,他开设博物馆是为了展示这些艺术伞,画线单词意为"展示",与show同义。故选B。
34. B 图示理解题。根据"During the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420—589), with the invention of paper, people created oil-paper umbrellas, which soon became widely popular. By the Tang Dynasty, these beautiful umbrellas had spread across Asia and were proudly called ‘Tang Umbrellas’ in many countries."、"However, in the 1970s ... traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared. Luckily, in 2008, oil-paper umbrellas were listed in the Intangible Cultural Heritage List."可知,油纸伞在南北朝期间初有名气,在唐朝时期达到高峰,但20世纪70年代面临消失的危险,2008年列入非物质文化遗产名录后又再次得到发展。因此B图片符合。故选B。
35. C 写作意图题。通读全文可知,作者的目的是介绍油纸伞的历史演变及其在文化上的重要意义。故选C。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍油纸伞发展历程的说明文，解题时可以按照题型逐个突破：1. 细节类题目直接定位题干对应的原文段落，比对选项和原文信息的匹配度，排除错误表述；2. 语篇补全题要结合空格前后的逻辑关系，选出能承接前文事件、引出后文内容的选项；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文场景（开博物馆的功能）推导单词含义；4. 图示理解题先梳理四个时间节点油纸伞的流行度变化趋势，再匹配对应折线图；5. 主旨类题目通读全文，提炼核心内容，排除片面的干扰选项，确定作者写作目的。
【解析】
31. 细节理解题：定位到第二段相关内容"However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared...As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared"，A选项是现代伞的特点，不符合题意；C选项是唐朝油纸伞的发展情况，时间不匹配；D选项"all"表述过于绝对，原文没有说明油纸伞被完全替换；只有B选项"人们几乎不再使用它们"和原文"技艺几乎消失"的描述完全吻合，选B。
32. 语篇补全题：空格前提到油纸伞技艺几乎要消失，2008年油纸伞被列入非物质文化遗产名录，空格后引出后续手艺人保护油纸伞的相关行动，A选项"这帮助拯救了这项手艺"可以承接前文的利好事件，自然引出下文的保护举措，逻辑通顺；B选项和后文保护油纸伞的内容矛盾，C、D选项无中生有，不符合上下文语境，选A。
33. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句意为"他开设了一家博物馆来______这些艺术伞"，结合博物馆的功能，开设博物馆的核心目的是向公众展出、展示藏品，display的含义和show完全一致，A保护、C售卖、D制作都不符合此处语境，选B。
34. 图示理解题：梳理四个时间节点的流行度变化：①南北朝刚发明油纸伞，流行度从0开始上升；②唐朝油纸伞传遍亚洲，流行度达到第一个高峰；③上世纪70年代现代伞出现，油纸伞流行度回落至低谷；④2008年列入非遗后，油纸伞重新发展，流行度快速攀升。该趋势完全匹配B选项的折线图，其余选项的变化趋势都不符合原文描述，选B。
35. 写作意图题：全文从油纸伞的起源讲起，完整梳理了它从古代流行、近代没落、当代成为文化符号的发展脉络，核心是介绍油纸伞的发展历史和它承载的文化价值，A选项文中没有呼吁大家日常使用油纸伞，B选项作者没有对比论证现代伞更优秀，D选项表述过于片面，没有覆盖全文核心内容，C选项符合主旨，选C。
【答案】
31.B 32.A 33.B 34.B 35.C
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题选取中国非遗油纸伞作为素材，设置了补全文段、图示理解的创新考法，既考察学生的英语信息提取、逻辑梳理能力，也能引导学生了解传统工艺的文化价值，解题时只要准确定位原文信息，梳理事件发展的先后逻辑，就可以顺利排除干扰项得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.65
这是一篇介绍油纸伞发展历程的说明文，解题时可以按照题型逐个突破：1. 细节类题目直接定位题干对应的原文段落，比对选项和原文信息的匹配度，排除错误表述；2. 语篇补全题要结合空格前后的逻辑关系，选出能承接前文事件、引出后文内容的选项；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文场景（开博物馆的功能）推导单词含义；4. 图示理解题先梳理四个时间节点油纸伞的流行度变化趋势，再匹配对应折线图；5. 主旨类题目通读全文，提炼核心内容，排除片面的干扰选项，确定作者写作目的。
【解析】
31. 细节理解题：定位到第二段相关内容"However, in the 1970s, modern umbrellas made of nylon and steel appeared...As a result, traditional oil-paper umbrellas gradually lost their popularity, and the ancient craft nearly disappeared"，A选项是现代伞的特点，不符合题意；C选项是唐朝油纸伞的发展情况，时间不匹配；D选项"all"表述过于绝对，原文没有说明油纸伞被完全替换；只有B选项"人们几乎不再使用它们"和原文"技艺几乎消失"的描述完全吻合，选B。
32. 语篇补全题：空格前提到油纸伞技艺几乎要消失，2008年油纸伞被列入非物质文化遗产名录，空格后引出后续手艺人保护油纸伞的相关行动，A选项"这帮助拯救了这项手艺"可以承接前文的利好事件，自然引出下文的保护举措，逻辑通顺；B选项和后文保护油纸伞的内容矛盾，C、D选项无中生有，不符合上下文语境，选A。
33. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句意为"他开设了一家博物馆来______这些艺术伞"，结合博物馆的功能，开设博物馆的核心目的是向公众展出、展示藏品，display的含义和show完全一致，A保护、C售卖、D制作都不符合此处语境，选B。
34. 图示理解题：梳理四个时间节点的流行度变化：①南北朝刚发明油纸伞，流行度从0开始上升；②唐朝油纸伞传遍亚洲，流行度达到第一个高峰；③上世纪70年代现代伞出现，油纸伞流行度回落至低谷；④2008年列入非遗后，油纸伞重新发展，流行度快速攀升。该趋势完全匹配B选项的折线图，其余选项的变化趋势都不符合原文描述，选B。
35. 写作意图题：全文从油纸伞的起源讲起，完整梳理了它从古代流行、近代没落、当代成为文化符号的发展脉络，核心是介绍油纸伞的发展历史和它承载的文化价值，A选项文中没有呼吁大家日常使用油纸伞，B选项作者没有对比论证现代伞更优秀，D选项表述过于片面，没有覆盖全文核心内容，C选项符合主旨，选C。
【答案】
31.B 32.A 33.B 34.B 35.C
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题选取中国非遗油纸伞作为素材，设置了补全文段、图示理解的创新考法，既考察学生的英语信息提取、逻辑梳理能力，也能引导学生了解传统工艺的文化价值，解题时只要准确定位原文信息，梳理事件发展的先后逻辑，就可以顺利排除干扰项得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.65
