Ⅰ. 用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。
pollute use waste healthy act hope
After learning about pollution, many students feel worried about the future. Rivers are polluted, factory smoke makes people 1., and too many cars burn oil and cause 2.. Some students think they can do nothing about these problems. But that's not true. One great idea is to make our school a green school. In a green school, every class collects 3. that can be recycled or 4.. The school sells them and uses the money to help students in poor areas. Students also learn to save energy and recycle at home. Though pollution is serious, it is not 5.. If everyone takes small 6., the world can be saved.

1. unhealthy 2. pollution 3. waste 4. reused 5. hopeless 6. actions

【分析】
首先通读全文，理解文章围绕环保与污染展开，号召学生参与环保行动。解题时需结合每个空的语境、词性要求，对所给词汇进行适当变形：
1. 分析第1空：涉及make sb +形容词的固定结构，工厂烟雾对人健康有害，需将healthy变为反义词；
2. 第2空：动词cause后需名词作宾语，车烧油会造成污染，需填pollute的名词形式；
3. 第3空：动词collect后需名词，可回收的是废物，直接填对应名词；
4. 第4空：与recycled并列，构成被动含义，需用use的过去分词；
5. 第5空：系动词is后接形容词，结合语境“并非无望的”，需将hope变为形容词；
6. 第6空：涉及固定搭配take actions，需将act变为名词复数形式。
【解析】
1. 固定结构make sb + adj.，结合语境“工厂烟雾使人不健康”，将healthy改为unhealthy；
2. 动词cause后接名词作宾语，车烧油造成“污染”，填pollution；
3. 动词collect后接名词，可回收的是“废物”，填waste；
4. 与recycled并列，表被动，用use的过去分词reused；
5. 系动词is后接形容词，结合语境“并非无望的”，将hope改为hopeless；
6. 固定搭配take actions（采取行动），act变名词复数actions。
【答案】
1. unhealthy 2. pollution 3. waste 4. reused 5. hopeless 6. actions
【知识点】
形容词转换、名词用法、动词被动形式
【点评】
本题为词汇适当形式填空题，考查学生对词汇的语境运用能力及词形变化规则，需结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ. 阅读下面短文,判断句子的正误。正确的填入“T”,错误的填入“F”,并从原文中找出依据。
Microplastics: a new danger
Have you heard of microplastics? They are very small pieces of plastic. In fact, they are smaller than a grain of rice. This small size lets them go everywhere—in the air, in the water, and even in our food.
Like other plastic waste, microplastics do not break down easily. They can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. Scientists say that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now.
Where do microplastics come from? When we wash plastic clothes, they produce microplastics. When plastic bottles and bags are left outside, they slowly break down into microplastics.
Microplastics are causing problems on land and in the sea. Fish and other sea animals may eat them by mistake and become sick. Scientists even found microplastics in human bodies. Nowhere is free from this man-made material.
So what can we do? The best way is to use less plastic. Let’s go plastic-free! For example, use a glass or metal cup instead of a plastic bottle.
( T )1. Microplastics are smaller than a grain of rice.
Proof: In fact, they are smaller than a grain of rice.
()2. Microplastics can break down easily in a short time.
Proof:
()3. Washing plastic clothes can produce microplastics.
Proof:
()4. Microplastics only cause problems in the sea.
Proof:
()5. Scientists have found microplastics in human bodies.
Proof:
()6. The best way to solve the problem is to recycle more plastic.
Proof:

2. (F) Proof: Like other plastic waste, microplastics do not break down easily. They can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
3. (T) Proof: When we wash plastic clothes, they produce microplastics.
4. (F) Proof: Microplastics are causing problems on land and in the sea.
5. (T) Proof: Scientists even found microplastics in human bodies.
6. (F) Proof: The best way is to use less plastic.

【分析】这是一道英语阅读理解正误判断题，解题思路为：先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个小题的表述，回到原文定位相关语句，将小题表述与原文内容逐一比对，表述一致则填“T”，不一致则填“F”，最后从原文提取支撑判断的语句作为依据。
【解析】
1. 第2题：题干称微塑料易在短时间分解，定位原文第二段“Like other plastic waste, microplastics do not break down easily. They can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.”，可知微塑料不易分解，与题干不符，故判断为F，依据为该句。
2. 第3题：题干称洗塑料衣服会产生微塑料，定位原文第三段“When we wash plastic clothes, they produce microplastics.”，与题干一致，判断为T，依据为该句。
3. 第4题：题干称微塑料仅在海洋造成问题，定位原文第四段“Microplastics are causing problems on land and in the sea.”，可知微塑料在陆地和海洋均有问题，与题干不符，判断为F，依据为该句。
4. 第5题：题干称科学家在人体发现微塑料，定位原文第四段“Scientists even found microplastics in human bodies.”，与题干一致，判断为T，依据为该句。
5. 第6题：题干称解决问题的最佳方式是回收更多塑料，定位原文第五段“The best way is to use less plastic.”，可知最佳方式是少用塑料，与题干不符，判断为F，依据为该句。
【答案】
2. (F) Proof: Like other plastic waste, microplastics do not break down easily. They can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
3. (T) Proof: When we wash plastic clothes, they produce microplastics.
4. (F) Proof: Microplastics are causing problems on land and in the sea.
5. (T) Proof: Scientists even found microplastics in human bodies.
6. (F) Proof: The best way is to use less plastic.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、正误判断
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解中信息定位与比对能力，要求学生准确提取原文对应内容判断正误，难度适中，只要认真阅读短文即可完成作答。
【难度系数】0.6