12.(24分)计算:
(1)$\sqrt{\frac{2}{45}}\div\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{1\frac{3}{5}}$; (2)$\sqrt{3a^{2}}\div3\sqrt{\frac{a}{2}}\times\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{2a}{3}}$;
(3)$\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{48}\div(-\sqrt{6})\times\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{24}$; (4)$3\sqrt{18}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\div2\sqrt{6}$;
(5)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4}}\div3\sqrt{28}\times5\sqrt{2\frac{2}{7}}$; (6)$\frac{2}{y}\sqrt{xy^{5}}\times(-\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{x^{3}y})\div\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}$.
(1)$\sqrt{\frac{2}{45}}\div\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{1\frac{3}{5}}$; (2)$\sqrt{3a^{2}}\div3\sqrt{\frac{a}{2}}\times\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{2a}{3}}$;
(3)$\frac{3}{4}\sqrt{48}\div(-\sqrt{6})\times\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{24}$; (4)$3\sqrt{18}\times\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\div2\sqrt{6}$;
(5)$\sqrt{2\frac{1}{4}}\div3\sqrt{28}\times5\sqrt{2\frac{2}{7}}$; (6)$\frac{2}{y}\sqrt{xy^{5}}\times(-\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{x^{3}y})\div\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}$.
答案
解:(1)原式=$\frac{2}{3}×\sqrt{\frac{2}{45}}×\sqrt{\frac{5}{8}}=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\frac{2}{45}×\frac{5}{8}}=\frac{1}{9}$.
(2)原式=$\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{3a^{2}×\frac{2}{a}×\frac{2a}{3}}=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{4a^{2}}=\frac{a}{3}$.
(3)原式=$3\sqrt{3}÷(-\sqrt{6})×\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}=3×(-1)×\frac{1}{3}×\sqrt{3×\frac{1}{6}×6}=-\sqrt{3}$.
(4)原式=$(3×\frac{1}{6}÷2)\sqrt{18×3÷6}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{3}{4}$.
(5)原式=$\frac{1}{3}×5\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}×\frac{1}{28}×\frac{16}{7}}=\frac{5}{7}$.
(6)原式=$-\frac{2}{y}×\frac{3}{2}×3\sqrt{xy^{5}\cdot x^{3}y\cdot\frac{x}{y}}=-\frac{9}{y}\sqrt{x^{5}y^{5}}=-9x^{2}y\sqrt{xy}$.
(2)原式=$\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{3a^{2}×\frac{2}{a}×\frac{2a}{3}}=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{4a^{2}}=\frac{a}{3}$.
(3)原式=$3\sqrt{3}÷(-\sqrt{6})×\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}=3×(-1)×\frac{1}{3}×\sqrt{3×\frac{1}{6}×6}=-\sqrt{3}$.
(4)原式=$(3×\frac{1}{6}÷2)\sqrt{18×3÷6}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{3}{4}$.
(5)原式=$\frac{1}{3}×5\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}×\frac{1}{28}×\frac{16}{7}}=\frac{5}{7}$.
(6)原式=$-\frac{2}{y}×\frac{3}{2}×3\sqrt{xy^{5}\cdot x^{3}y\cdot\frac{x}{y}}=-\frac{9}{y}\sqrt{x^{5}y^{5}}=-9x^{2}y\sqrt{xy}$.
13.(10分)若$x,y$为实数,且$y=\sqrt{1 - 4x}+\sqrt{4x - 1}+\frac{1}{2}$,求$\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}+2+\frac{y}{x}}\div\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}-2+\frac{y}{x}}$的值.
答案
解:根据题意,得$1 - 4x\geq0$,$4x - 1\geq0$,
$\therefore x=\frac{1}{4}$,则$y=\frac{1}{2}$,
$\therefore\frac{x}{y}=\frac{\frac{1}{4}}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}$,$\frac{y}{x}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{4}}=2$,
$\therefore\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}+2+\frac{y}{x}}\div\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}-2+\frac{y}{x}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+2 + 2}\div\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}-2 + 2}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{2}}\div\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}=3$.
$\therefore x=\frac{1}{4}$,则$y=\frac{1}{2}$,
$\therefore\frac{x}{y}=\frac{\frac{1}{4}}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}$,$\frac{y}{x}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{4}}=2$,
$\therefore\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}+2+\frac{y}{x}}\div\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}-2+\frac{y}{x}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+2 + 2}\div\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}-2 + 2}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{2}}\div\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}=3$.
14.(12分)设一个三角形的三边长分别为$a,b,c$,$p=\frac{1}{2}(a + b + c)$,则有下列面积公式:$S=\sqrt{p(p - a)(p - b)(p - c)}$(海伦公式),$S=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}[a^{2}b^{2}-(\frac{a^{2}+b^{2}-c^{2}}{2})^{2}]}$(秦九韶公式).
(1)当$a = 7$,$b = 8$,$c = 9$时,请你利用海伦公式求三角形的面积;
(2)当$a=\sqrt{7}$,$b = 2\sqrt{2}$,$c = 3$时,请你利用秦九韶公式求三角形的面积.
(1)当$a = 7$,$b = 8$,$c = 9$时,请你利用海伦公式求三角形的面积;
(2)当$a=\sqrt{7}$,$b = 2\sqrt{2}$,$c = 3$时,请你利用秦九韶公式求三角形的面积.
答案
解:(1)$\because p=\frac{7 + 8 + 9}{2}=12$,
$\therefore$由海伦公式得
$S=\sqrt{12×(12 - 7)×(12 - 8)×(12 - 9)}=\sqrt{12×5×4×3}=12\sqrt{5}$.
(2)由秦九韶公式得
$S=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\{(\sqrt{7})^{2}×(2\sqrt{2})^{2}-[\frac{(\sqrt{7})^{2}+(2\sqrt{2})^{2}-3^{2}}{2}]^{2}\}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}[7×8 - (\frac{7 + 8 - 9}{2})^{2}]}=\sqrt{\frac{47}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{47}}{2}$.
$\therefore$由海伦公式得
$S=\sqrt{12×(12 - 7)×(12 - 8)×(12 - 9)}=\sqrt{12×5×4×3}=12\sqrt{5}$.
(2)由秦九韶公式得
$S=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\{(\sqrt{7})^{2}×(2\sqrt{2})^{2}-[\frac{(\sqrt{7})^{2}+(2\sqrt{2})^{2}-3^{2}}{2}]^{2}\}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}[7×8 - (\frac{7 + 8 - 9}{2})^{2}]}=\sqrt{\frac{47}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{47}}{2}$.
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