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四、阅读理解。(15分)
(A)
In Western countries, a birthday cake is a dessert on a person's birthday. The birthday cake is usually decorated with the person's name. Some candles are placed on the cake. After lighting the candles, the person usually closes his or her eyes, makes a wish and then blows them out. The number of the candles is the same as the age of the person.
Do you know the history of the birthday cake? In earlier times, the Greeks made round or moon-shaped honey cakes. The cakes stood for(代表)the moon. Nowadays, some people think that the cake in the ancient world had something to do with the cycles of life and nature. Round shapes were preferred as a symbol of these cycles. Also, some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.
阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。(5分)
( )1. A birthday cake is usually decorated with a person's name.
( )2. People usually open their eyes and make a wish before blowing the candles out.
( )3. In earlier times, the Greeks made moon-shaped salty(咸的) cakes.
( )4. The number of the candles is the same as the age of the birthday person.
( )5. Some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.
(A)
In Western countries, a birthday cake is a dessert on a person's birthday. The birthday cake is usually decorated with the person's name. Some candles are placed on the cake. After lighting the candles, the person usually closes his or her eyes, makes a wish and then blows them out. The number of the candles is the same as the age of the person.
Do you know the history of the birthday cake? In earlier times, the Greeks made round or moon-shaped honey cakes. The cakes stood for(代表)the moon. Nowadays, some people think that the cake in the ancient world had something to do with the cycles of life and nature. Round shapes were preferred as a symbol of these cycles. Also, some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.
阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。(5分)
( )1. A birthday cake is usually decorated with a person's name.
( )2. People usually open their eyes and make a wish before blowing the candles out.
( )3. In earlier times, the Greeks made moon-shaped salty(咸的) cakes.
( )4. The number of the candles is the same as the age of the birthday person.
( )5. Some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.
答案
(A) 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
解析
【分析】
这是一道英语阅读理解细节判断题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，整体了解短文关于西方生日蛋糕的习俗和历史的核心内容；
2. 针对每一道题目，提取题干中的关键信息，回到原文定位对应的句子；
3. 仔细对比原文内容与题目表述的细节，若完全一致则判断为正(T)，若存在细节差异（如动词、修饰词不符）则判断为误(F)。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段第二句“The birthday cake is usually decorated with the person's name.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
2. 第2题：根据第一段“After lighting the candles, the person usually closes his or her eyes, makes a wish and then blows them out.”，原文明确是闭眼许愿，而题目说“open their eyes（睁眼）”，表述不一致，故判断为F。
3. 第3题：根据第二段“In earlier times, the Greeks made round or moon-shaped honey cakes.”，原文是蜂蜜蛋糕，题目说是“salty(咸的) cakes”，表述不一致，故判断为F。
4. 第4题：根据第一段最后一句“The number of the candles is the same as the age of the person.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
5. 第5题：根据第二段最后一句“Also, some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
【答案】
(A) 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
【知识点】
阅读理解细节判断；西方生日文化；英语信息定位提取
【点评】
本文围绕西方生日蛋糕的习俗与起源展开，题目均为细节考查类题型，重点考查学生精准定位原文信息、辨析细节差异的能力，解题时需避免因粗心忽略关键细节而判断失误。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一道英语阅读理解细节判断题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，整体了解短文关于西方生日蛋糕的习俗和历史的核心内容；
2. 针对每一道题目，提取题干中的关键信息，回到原文定位对应的句子；
3. 仔细对比原文内容与题目表述的细节，若完全一致则判断为正(T)，若存在细节差异（如动词、修饰词不符）则判断为误(F)。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段第二句“The birthday cake is usually decorated with the person's name.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
2. 第2题：根据第一段“After lighting the candles, the person usually closes his or her eyes, makes a wish and then blows them out.”，原文明确是闭眼许愿，而题目说“open their eyes（睁眼）”，表述不一致，故判断为F。
3. 第3题：根据第二段“In earlier times, the Greeks made round or moon-shaped honey cakes.”，原文是蜂蜜蛋糕，题目说是“salty(咸的) cakes”，表述不一致，故判断为F。
4. 第4题：根据第一段最后一句“The number of the candles is the same as the age of the person.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
5. 第5题：根据第二段最后一句“Also, some people believe that the tradition of the birthday cake started in Germany.”，题目表述与原文内容完全一致，故判断为T。
【答案】
(A) 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
【知识点】
阅读理解细节判断；西方生日文化；英语信息定位提取
【点评】
本文围绕西方生日蛋糕的习俗与起源展开，题目均为细节考查类题型，重点考查学生精准定位原文信息、辨析细节差异的能力，解题时需避免因粗心忽略关键细节而判断失误。
【难度系数】
0.8
(B)新情境知识科普
March 14 is a great day for fans of Maths. It is celebrated as Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well. The date is the same as the first three numbers of March is the third month and the 14th means "one and four". TogePi comes wherever there are circles(圆). Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from a Greek letter The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in Maths.
The Exploratorium in San Francisco started the event to celebrate Pi on March 14th, 1988. The museum marked the day with a daylong celebration. March 14th is also the birthday
of the famous scientist Albert Einstein. Princeton University, where Einstein lived for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well. And March 14th, 2019, also marked the one-year anniversary of the death of Stephen William Hawking. And how do people celebrate Pi Day? Maybe you can try these ideas below.
Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies and even pizza pies). Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant(数学常数)of Discuss the importance of the letter Watch Life of Pi in cinemas. Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers).
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。（10分）
( )1. Who likes to celebrate Pi Day most probably?
A. Greek students. B. Maths lovers. C. Engineers.
( )2. When did Pi Day start as a celebration?
A. On March 14, 2009. B. On March 14, 1988. C. About thousands of years ago
( )3. Which activity may NOT happen on Pi Day?
A. People will make apple pies. B. Life of Pi is shown in cinemas.
C. Students will take photos of the price tag with 3.12.
( )4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. People think the Greeks are the earliest to use the letter π in Maths.B. The Greek letter "π" has the same pronunciation as "pie".C. Einstein worked in the Exploratorium before.
( )5. 新趋势 写作意图 Why does the writer write this passage?A. To introduce Pi(π) Day. B. To ask people to learn Maths well.
C. To help students work out some Maths problems.
March 14 is a great day for fans of Maths. It is celebrated as Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well. The date is the same as the first three numbers of March is the third month and the 14th means "one and four". TogePi comes wherever there are circles(圆). Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from a Greek letter The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in Maths.
The Exploratorium in San Francisco started the event to celebrate Pi on March 14th, 1988. The museum marked the day with a daylong celebration. March 14th is also the birthday
of the famous scientist Albert Einstein. Princeton University, where Einstein lived for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well. And March 14th, 2019, also marked the one-year anniversary of the death of Stephen William Hawking. And how do people celebrate Pi Day? Maybe you can try these ideas below.
Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies and even pizza pies). Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant(数学常数)of Discuss the importance of the letter Watch Life of Pi in cinemas. Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers).
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。（10分）
( )1. Who likes to celebrate Pi Day most probably?
A. Greek students. B. Maths lovers. C. Engineers.
( )2. When did Pi Day start as a celebration?
A. On March 14, 2009. B. On March 14, 1988. C. About thousands of years ago
( )3. Which activity may NOT happen on Pi Day?
A. People will make apple pies. B. Life of Pi is shown in cinemas.
C. Students will take photos of the price tag with 3.12.
( )4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. People think the Greeks are the earliest to use the letter π in Maths.B. The Greek letter "π" has the same pronunciation as "pie".C. Einstein worked in the Exploratorium before.
( )5. 新趋势 写作意图 Why does the writer write this passage?A. To introduce Pi(π) Day. B. To ask people to learn Maths well.
C. To help students work out some Maths problems.
答案
BBCCA
解析
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“March 14 is a great day for fans of Maths. It is celebrated as Pi(π) Day”可知，数学爱好者最有可能庆祝圆周率日，故选B。
2. 第2题：根据第三段“The Exploratorium in San Francisco started the event to celebrate Pi on March 14th, 1988.”可知，圆周率日的庆祝始于1988年3月14日，故选B。
3. 第3题：根据最后一段“Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers)”可知，人们会寻找数字3.14，而非3.12，所以C选项的活动不会发生，故选C。
4. 第4题：文中仅提到3月14日是爱因斯坦的生日，普林斯顿大学会庆祝圆周率日，并未提及爱因斯坦曾在探索馆工作过，C选项表述错误；A选项对应第二段“The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in Maths.”，B选项根据庆祝时吃pies的活动可推断pi和pie发音相近，均表述正确，故选C。
5. 第5题：文章围绕圆周率日，介绍了它的由来、相关关联人物以及庆祝方式，写作意图是介绍圆周率日，故选A。
【答案】
BBCCA
【知识点】
细节信息查找、写作意图判断、科普文化常识
【点评】
本文是一篇科普类阅读理解，围绕圆周率日展开介绍，考查学生对文章细节信息的抓取能力和对写作意图的判断能力，内容贴近数学文化，有助于拓展学生的知识视野。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题：根据第一段“March 14 is a great day for fans of Maths. It is celebrated as Pi(π) Day”可知，数学爱好者最有可能庆祝圆周率日，故选B。
2. 第2题：根据第三段“The Exploratorium in San Francisco started the event to celebrate Pi on March 14th, 1988.”可知，圆周率日的庆祝始于1988年3月14日，故选B。
3. 第3题：根据最后一段“Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers)”可知，人们会寻找数字3.14，而非3.12，所以C选项的活动不会发生，故选C。
4. 第4题：文中仅提到3月14日是爱因斯坦的生日，普林斯顿大学会庆祝圆周率日，并未提及爱因斯坦曾在探索馆工作过，C选项表述错误；A选项对应第二段“The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in Maths.”，B选项根据庆祝时吃pies的活动可推断pi和pie发音相近，均表述正确，故选C。
5. 第5题：文章围绕圆周率日，介绍了它的由来、相关关联人物以及庆祝方式，写作意图是介绍圆周率日，故选A。
【答案】
BBCCA
【知识点】
细节信息查找、写作意图判断、科普文化常识
【点评】
本文是一篇科普类阅读理解，围绕圆周率日展开介绍，考查学生对文章细节信息的抓取能力和对写作意图的判断能力，内容贴近数学文化，有助于拓展学生的知识视野。
【难度系数】
0.6
