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一、阅读理解(20 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
How do you make friends? Some students are sharing their ideas with us.
Tom
Although we are quite different，Adam and I have been close friends for 5 years. We have a lot to talk about. We play basketball together after school. We go for a picnic at weekends. It's always a pleasure to be with him.
Yumi
I spend my spare time mostly with people from other countries. When I'm with them，I really get to know what they're like and how easy they are to get along with. They help me to improve my English.
Anna
I've made some good friends at the gym I go to. People there are very friendly. Talking to them as I am taking exercise is a good way for us to get to know each other.
Peter
I can make more friends on the internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world. I can get worldwide stories from my friends all over the world.
1. With the help of her friends，Yumi
A. takes more exercise
B. learns English better
C. feels happier at picnics
D. knows more about the world
2. What helps Peter make more friends?
A. The stories.
B. The sports.
C. The internet.
D. The languages.
3. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Tom and Adam play basketball together after school.
B. Yumi's English used to be very good.
C. Anna finds it hard to talk with people at the gym.
D. Peter's friends are all from China.
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
How do you make friends? Some students are sharing their ideas with us.
Tom
Although we are quite different，Adam and I have been close friends for 5 years. We have a lot to talk about. We play basketball together after school. We go for a picnic at weekends. It's always a pleasure to be with him.
Yumi
I spend my spare time mostly with people from other countries. When I'm with them，I really get to know what they're like and how easy they are to get along with. They help me to improve my English.
Anna
I've made some good friends at the gym I go to. People there are very friendly. Talking to them as I am taking exercise is a good way for us to get to know each other.
Peter
I can make more friends on the internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world. I can get worldwide stories from my friends all over the world.
1. With the help of her friends，Yumi
B
.A. takes more exercise
B. learns English better
C. feels happier at picnics
D. knows more about the world
2. What helps Peter make more friends?
A. The stories.
B. The sports.
C. The internet.
D. The languages.
3. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Tom and Adam play basketball together after school.
B. Yumi's English used to be very good.
C. Anna finds it hard to talk with people at the gym.
D. Peter's friends are all from China.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇信息匹配类的基础阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：首先我们可以先扫读每道题的题干，划出专属关键词，比如第1题的Yumi、第2题的Peter、第3题的每个选项核心信息，之后带着关键词回到原文对应人物的段落里定位原文内容，把选项和原文信息逐一比对，就能直接选出正确答案，不需要复杂的深层推理。
【解析】
1. 定位到Yumi的发言段落，最后一句明确提到"They help me to improve my English"，说明在朋友的帮助下Yumi的英语提升了，对应选项B“learns English better”。选项A是Anna相关的内容，选项C是Tom相关的内容，选项D是Peter相关的内容，均不符合题意。
2. 定位到Peter的发言段落，第一句直接说明"I can make more friends on the internet"，可知是互联网帮助Peter交到更多朋友，对应选项C。
3. 逐一核对选项：
选项A：对应Tom的发言内容"We play basketball together after school"，和原文完全一致，表述正确；
选项B：Yumi的朋友帮她提升英语，说明她之前英语并不出色，该表述错误；
选项C：Anna提到健身房的人很友好，锻炼时聊天是互相认识的好方式，并非很难和健身房的人交流，该表述错误；
选项D：Peter提到他的朋友遍布全世界，并非都来自中国，该表述错误。
因此第3题选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，短文信息比对
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的人物分享类阅读题，所有题目的答案都可以直接在原文中找到明确对应内容，没有设置干扰性极强的迷惑选项，主要用来锻炼学生带着题干关键词回原文定位信息的做题习惯，避免脱离原文主观臆断答案。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇信息匹配类的基础阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：首先我们可以先扫读每道题的题干，划出专属关键词，比如第1题的Yumi、第2题的Peter、第3题的每个选项核心信息，之后带着关键词回到原文对应人物的段落里定位原文内容，把选项和原文信息逐一比对，就能直接选出正确答案，不需要复杂的深层推理。
【解析】
1. 定位到Yumi的发言段落，最后一句明确提到"They help me to improve my English"，说明在朋友的帮助下Yumi的英语提升了，对应选项B“learns English better”。选项A是Anna相关的内容，选项C是Tom相关的内容，选项D是Peter相关的内容，均不符合题意。
2. 定位到Peter的发言段落，第一句直接说明"I can make more friends on the internet"，可知是互联网帮助Peter交到更多朋友，对应选项C。
3. 逐一核对选项：
选项A：对应Tom的发言内容"We play basketball together after school"，和原文完全一致，表述正确；
选项B：Yumi的朋友帮她提升英语，说明她之前英语并不出色，该表述错误；
选项C：Anna提到健身房的人很友好，锻炼时聊天是互相认识的好方式，并非很难和健身房的人交流，该表述错误；
选项D：Peter提到他的朋友遍布全世界，并非都来自中国，该表述错误。
因此第3题选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，短文信息比对
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的人物分享类阅读题，所有题目的答案都可以直接在原文中找到明确对应内容，没有设置干扰性极强的迷惑选项，主要用来锻炼学生带着题干关键词回原文定位信息的做题习惯，避免脱离原文主观臆断答案。
【难度系数】
0.9
B
I have a lot of friends. My best friend is Mai. She is 16 years old. She is 2 years older than me. We live in the same town and we began to know each other when we were very young. Now we are classmates. Mai is tall and thin，with long black hair. She has an oval(椭圆的)face with big eyes，a high nose and a small mouth. Mai is helpful. When her friends have difficulties，she always tries her best to help them. Mai is one of the best students in our class. I like studying with her. She always helps me with my studies. Although we have the same hobbies and interests，we also have some differences. I am outgoing and enjoy telling jokes. Mai，however，is kind of serious and quiet. We believe in each other，so we are good friends. I hope we can keep our friendship forever(永远).
4. The writer is
A. 12
B. 14
C. 16
D. 18
5. The writer and Mai can be friends because they
A. live in the same town
B. look like each other
C. have everything in common
D. believe in each other
6. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Mai is tall and heavy.
B. Mai is outgoing and likes talking.
C. Mai and the writer are in the same class.
D. The writer often helps Mai with her studies.
7. What does the writer think of Mai?
A. She is a lazy girl.
B. She is a nice girl.
C. She is too serious.
D. She is kind of ugly.
I have a lot of friends. My best friend is Mai. She is 16 years old. She is 2 years older than me. We live in the same town and we began to know each other when we were very young. Now we are classmates. Mai is tall and thin，with long black hair. She has an oval(椭圆的)face with big eyes，a high nose and a small mouth. Mai is helpful. When her friends have difficulties，she always tries her best to help them. Mai is one of the best students in our class. I like studying with her. She always helps me with my studies. Although we have the same hobbies and interests，we also have some differences. I am outgoing and enjoy telling jokes. Mai，however，is kind of serious and quiet. We believe in each other，so we are good friends. I hope we can keep our friendship forever(永远).
4. The writer is
B
years old.A. 12
B. 14
C. 16
D. 18
5. The writer and Mai can be friends because they
D
.A. live in the same town
B. look like each other
C. have everything in common
D. believe in each other
6. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Mai is tall and heavy.
B. Mai is outgoing and likes talking.
C. Mai and the writer are in the same class.
D. The writer often helps Mai with her studies.
7. What does the writer think of Mai?
A. She is a lazy girl.
B. She is a nice girl.
C. She is too serious.
D. She is kind of ugly.
答案
4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍自己和好友Mai的人物类阅读理解，所有题目均为细节理解题，解题时不需要逐字死译全文，可先逐个标注每道题干的核心定位词，带着问题回到原文对应位置查找匹配语句，将选项内容和原文描述逐一比对，排除不符合原文的干扰项，就能快速锁定正确答案。比如问年龄就找原文提到年龄的数字，问成为好友的原因就找原文说明因果关系的句子，解题效率会更高。
【解析】
4. 细节推算题：原文明确写明Mai16岁，且"She is 2 years older than me"，即Mai比作者大2岁，计算可得作者年龄为16-2=14岁，对应选项B。
5. 细节理解题：原文直接给出"We believe in each other, so we are good friends"，说明二人成为好朋友的核心原因是彼此信任；A选项住在同个城镇只是二人相识的前提，不是成为好友的原因，B选项文中从未提及二人长相相似，C选项原文明确说明二人有共同爱好也存在差异，并非所有方面都相同，因此只有D符合原文内容。
6. 细节判断题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文描述Mai是"tall and thin"，并非又高又胖，表述错误；
B选项：外向爱讲笑话的是作者本人，Mai的性格是严肃安静，表述错误；
C选项：原文提到"Now we are classmates"，说明二人在同一个班，表述正确；
D选项：原文说明是Mai经常在学习上帮助作者，和选项描述相反，表述错误。因此选C。
7. 细节推断题：文中作者描述Mai乐于助人、成绩优异、性格善良，可见作者认为Mai是个很好的女孩；A选项懒惰文中无提及，C选项的严肃只是Mai的性格特点，并非作者对她的负面评价，D选项说她丑完全不符合原文描述，因此选B。
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，人物类阅读，信息比对
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的英语阅读题，重点考查学生快速从文本中提取关键信息的能力，没有设置复杂的干扰陷阱，学生只要掌握回文定位的基础阅读技巧，就能轻松选出正确答案，适合用来巩固细节类阅读的解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍自己和好友Mai的人物类阅读理解，所有题目均为细节理解题，解题时不需要逐字死译全文，可先逐个标注每道题干的核心定位词，带着问题回到原文对应位置查找匹配语句，将选项内容和原文描述逐一比对，排除不符合原文的干扰项，就能快速锁定正确答案。比如问年龄就找原文提到年龄的数字，问成为好友的原因就找原文说明因果关系的句子，解题效率会更高。
【解析】
4. 细节推算题：原文明确写明Mai16岁，且"She is 2 years older than me"，即Mai比作者大2岁，计算可得作者年龄为16-2=14岁，对应选项B。
5. 细节理解题：原文直接给出"We believe in each other, so we are good friends"，说明二人成为好朋友的核心原因是彼此信任；A选项住在同个城镇只是二人相识的前提，不是成为好友的原因，B选项文中从未提及二人长相相似，C选项原文明确说明二人有共同爱好也存在差异，并非所有方面都相同，因此只有D符合原文内容。
6. 细节判断题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文描述Mai是"tall and thin"，并非又高又胖，表述错误；
B选项：外向爱讲笑话的是作者本人，Mai的性格是严肃安静，表述错误；
C选项：原文提到"Now we are classmates"，说明二人在同一个班，表述正确；
D选项：原文说明是Mai经常在学习上帮助作者，和选项描述相反，表述错误。因此选C。
7. 细节推断题：文中作者描述Mai乐于助人、成绩优异、性格善良，可见作者认为Mai是个很好的女孩；A选项懒惰文中无提及，C选项的严肃只是Mai的性格特点，并非作者对她的负面评价，D选项说她丑完全不符合原文描述，因此选B。
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，人物类阅读，信息比对
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的英语阅读题，重点考查学生快速从文本中提取关键信息的能力，没有设置复杂的干扰陷阱，学生只要掌握回文定位的基础阅读技巧，就能轻松选出正确答案，适合用来巩固细节类阅读的解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.8
