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阅读课文，回答问题
1. Why were dogs, sheep, and cows domesticated?
2. How do these animals benefit us today?
3. How would our lives be different without them?
4. In your opinion, how will pets and farm animals change in the future?
1. Why were dogs, sheep, and cows domesticated?
2. How do these animals benefit us today?
3. How would our lives be different without them?
4. In your opinion, how will pets and farm animals change in the future?
答案
1. Dogs were domesticated to help hunting; sheep were domesticated to become a source of
meat and provide wool for farmers to make clothes; cows were domesticated to provide people with
milk and meat, and also good working animals. 2. These animals provide us with food and help
people live a better life. 3. People may starve to death or they would live a hard life.
4. Maybe their genes will evolve again as humans' needs change.
meat and provide wool for farmers to make clothes; cows were domesticated to provide people with
milk and meat, and also good working animals. 2. These animals provide us with food and help
people live a better life. 3. People may starve to death or they would live a hard life.
4. Maybe their genes will evolve again as humans' needs change.
解析
【分析】
这是一组依托阅读课文的半开放问答习题，解题思路如下：首先明确前3道题属于文本信息提取类问题，第4道为发散类主观题。第一步带着每道题的疑问回到原文定位对应内容：第1题分别找到狗、绵羊、牛三种动物的驯化相关描述，逐一梳理三者的驯化原因，不要遗漏任意一种动物的核心作用；第2题从原文中提炼这些动物对当代生活的共同价值，整合出它们给人类带来的实际益处；第3题反向推导，假设失去这些动物，人类失去对应的食物、劳作助力之后的生存状态，保证逻辑通顺即可；第4题结合当下人类需求变化、生物技术发展的相关常识，合理畅想未来动物的变化，表述符合逻辑就能得分。
【解析】
1. 分三类对应梳理驯化目的：狗被驯化的核心作用是辅助人类开展狩猎活动；绵羊被驯化后既可以作为肉类食物来源，还能产出羊毛供人类制作衣物；牛被驯化后既可以为人类提供牛奶和肉类，也可以作为优质的役用牲畜承担劳作工作。
2. 整合当代共同价值：这类家畜可以稳定为人类提供生存必需的各类食物资源，同时在生产生活多个场景为人类提供助力，有效提升人类的生活质量。
3. 反向推演缺失后的影响：如果没有这些动物，人类会失去大量稳定的食物供给渠道，很容易出现食物匮乏的问题，甚至面临饿死的风险，整体生存难度极高，生活水平会非常低下。
4. 合理畅想未来变化：结合人类需求不断迭代的趋势，未来宠物和农场动物很可能会随着人类的新需求发生基因层面的演化，适配更多新的人类生活场景。
【答案】
1. Dogs were domesticated to help hunting; sheep were domesticated to become a source of meat and provide wool for farmers to make clothes; cows were domesticated to provide people with milk and meat, and also good working animals. 2. These animals provide us with food and help people live a better life. 3. People may starve to death or they would live a hard life. 4. Maybe their genes will evolve again as humans' needs change.
【知识点】
课文信息提取，英语简答表达，家畜驯化常识
【点评】
本题是阅读课后的配套巩固习题，前3道题重点考察学生的文本信息定位与整合能力，引导学生梳理课文核心知识点，第4道半开放主观题跳出文本限制，锻炼学生的逻辑思辨与合理想象能力，作答时注意前3题要贴合原文内容，不要脱离课文随意编造，最后一题言之有理即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一组依托阅读课文的半开放问答习题，解题思路如下：首先明确前3道题属于文本信息提取类问题，第4道为发散类主观题。第一步带着每道题的疑问回到原文定位对应内容：第1题分别找到狗、绵羊、牛三种动物的驯化相关描述，逐一梳理三者的驯化原因，不要遗漏任意一种动物的核心作用；第2题从原文中提炼这些动物对当代生活的共同价值，整合出它们给人类带来的实际益处；第3题反向推导，假设失去这些动物，人类失去对应的食物、劳作助力之后的生存状态，保证逻辑通顺即可；第4题结合当下人类需求变化、生物技术发展的相关常识，合理畅想未来动物的变化，表述符合逻辑就能得分。
【解析】
1. 分三类对应梳理驯化目的：狗被驯化的核心作用是辅助人类开展狩猎活动；绵羊被驯化后既可以作为肉类食物来源，还能产出羊毛供人类制作衣物；牛被驯化后既可以为人类提供牛奶和肉类，也可以作为优质的役用牲畜承担劳作工作。
2. 整合当代共同价值：这类家畜可以稳定为人类提供生存必需的各类食物资源，同时在生产生活多个场景为人类提供助力，有效提升人类的生活质量。
3. 反向推演缺失后的影响：如果没有这些动物，人类会失去大量稳定的食物供给渠道，很容易出现食物匮乏的问题，甚至面临饿死的风险，整体生存难度极高，生活水平会非常低下。
4. 合理畅想未来变化：结合人类需求不断迭代的趋势，未来宠物和农场动物很可能会随着人类的新需求发生基因层面的演化，适配更多新的人类生活场景。
【答案】
1. Dogs were domesticated to help hunting; sheep were domesticated to become a source of meat and provide wool for farmers to make clothes; cows were domesticated to provide people with milk and meat, and also good working animals. 2. These animals provide us with food and help people live a better life. 3. People may starve to death or they would live a hard life. 4. Maybe their genes will evolve again as humans' needs change.
【知识点】
课文信息提取，英语简答表达，家畜驯化常识
【点评】
本题是阅读课后的配套巩固习题，前3道题重点考察学生的文本信息定位与整合能力，引导学生梳理课文核心知识点，第4道半开放主观题跳出文本限制，锻炼学生的逻辑思辨与合理想象能力，作答时注意前3题要贴合原文内容，不要脱离课文随意编造，最后一题言之有理即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
