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五、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。
主题群:灾害防范 子主题:防灾工程 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
About 2,300 years ago, the area around Chengdu had bad floods every spring. Luckily, the Qin governor(太守), Li Bing, was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to work out the problem.
The usual way to prevent flooding is to build a dam(大坝) across the river. However, the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail in the river, because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing came up with a plan which still works today!
Helped by his son and the workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was like a fish and it divided the water into an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river.
Li Bing also cut a new channel through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate(灌溉) the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was too hard to cut. Li Bing burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took eight years!
After Li Bing's work was finished, there were no more floods, and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System made the crops grow better. The river flowed naturally. Because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Today, scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
1. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail in the river?
2. Where did Li Bing build a man-made island?
3. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel?
4. What happened after Li Bing's work was finished?
5. Do you admire(仰慕) Li Bing? Why?
主题群:灾害防范 子主题:防灾工程 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
About 2,300 years ago, the area around Chengdu had bad floods every spring. Luckily, the Qin governor(太守), Li Bing, was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to work out the problem.
The usual way to prevent flooding is to build a dam(大坝) across the river. However, the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail in the river, because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing came up with a plan which still works today!
Helped by his son and the workers, Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was like a fish and it divided the water into an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river.
Li Bing also cut a new channel through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate(灌溉) the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was too hard to cut. Li Bing burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took eight years!
After Li Bing's work was finished, there were no more floods, and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System made the crops grow better. The river flowed naturally. Because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Today, scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
1. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail in the river?
Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
2. Where did Li Bing build a man-made island?
In the middle of the river.
3. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel?
Eight years.
4. What happened after Li Bing's work was finished?
There were no more floods/The river flowed naturally and ships and fish could pass freely.
5. Do you admire(仰慕) Li Bing? Why?
Yes. Because he was clever and hard-working.（答案不唯一）
答案
1. Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
2. In the middle of the river.
3. Eight years.
4. There were no more floods/The river flowed naturally and ships and fish could pass freely.
5. Yes. Because he was clever and hard-working.（答案不唯一）
2. In the middle of the river.
3. Eight years.
4. There were no more floods/The river flowed naturally and ships and fish could pass freely.
5. Yes. Because he was clever and hard-working.（答案不唯一）
解析
【分析】
这是一篇结合中华优秀传统文化的英语记叙文阅读题，包含细节理解题和开放表达题。解题思路：①先快速通读全文，把握文章主旨（李冰解决成都洪水问题、修建都江堰的事迹）；②针对细节题，根据问题关键词定位原文对应语句，提取准确信息作答；③开放题需结合短文内容，围绕李冰的品质（聪明、勤劳等）合理表达观点，答案不唯一但需符合文意。
【解析】
1. 问题1：根据题干关键词“make sure that ships could still sail”定位到第二段最后一句“because the king needed to send food to his army”，提炼原因作答；
2. 问题2：根据关键词“man-made island”定位到第三段第一句“in the middle of the river”，直接提取地点；
3. 问题3：根据关键词“cut a new channel”定位到第四段最后一句“took eight years”，提取时间；
4. 问题4：根据关键词“after Li Bing's work was finished”定位到第五段，整合“no more floods、river flowed naturally、ships and fish could pass freely”等信息作答；
5. 问题5：结合短文体现的李冰的聪明才智、辛勤付出等品质，用英语表达仰慕的原因，合理即可。
【答案】
1. Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
2. In the middle of the river.
3. Eight years.
4. There were no more floods/The river flowed naturally and ships and fish could pass freely.
5. Yes. Because he was clever and hard-working.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取、观点表达
【点评】
本题融合中华优秀传统文化（都江堰水利工程），考查学生英语阅读的细节定位能力和观点表达能力，难度适中，符合初中英语学业水平考查要求，能引导学生了解传统文化的同时提升英语应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇结合中华优秀传统文化的英语记叙文阅读题，包含细节理解题和开放表达题。解题思路：①先快速通读全文，把握文章主旨（李冰解决成都洪水问题、修建都江堰的事迹）；②针对细节题，根据问题关键词定位原文对应语句，提取准确信息作答；③开放题需结合短文内容，围绕李冰的品质（聪明、勤劳等）合理表达观点，答案不唯一但需符合文意。
【解析】
1. 问题1：根据题干关键词“make sure that ships could still sail”定位到第二段最后一句“because the king needed to send food to his army”，提炼原因作答；
2. 问题2：根据关键词“man-made island”定位到第三段第一句“in the middle of the river”，直接提取地点；
3. 问题3：根据关键词“cut a new channel”定位到第四段最后一句“took eight years”，提取时间；
4. 问题4：根据关键词“after Li Bing's work was finished”定位到第五段，整合“no more floods、river flowed naturally、ships and fish could pass freely”等信息作答；
5. 问题5：结合短文体现的李冰的聪明才智、辛勤付出等品质，用英语表达仰慕的原因，合理即可。
【答案】
1. Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
2. In the middle of the river.
3. Eight years.
4. There were no more floods/The river flowed naturally and ships and fish could pass freely.
5. Yes. Because he was clever and hard-working.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息提取、观点表达
【点评】
本题融合中华优秀传统文化（都江堰水利工程），考查学生英语阅读的细节定位能力和观点表达能力，难度适中，符合初中英语学业水平考查要求，能引导学生了解传统文化的同时提升英语应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
