2026年能力素养与学力提升八年级英语下册译林版第105页答案
一、根据括号中的中文提示或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
1. I respect and admire my father for his ability and
courage
(勇气).
2. More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and
silver
(银).
3. The task
requires
(需要;依靠)you to pay more attention to your grammar.
4. The
athletes
(运动员)shared their stories to encourage the students.
5. My mum
reminded
(提醒)me to bring an umbrella with me, but I completely forgot about it.
6. To build
confidence
(自信心), you must remind yourself of the past victory.

答案

1. courage 2. silver 3. requires 4. athletes 5. reminded 6. confidence

解析

【分析】
这道题是英语单词拼写类基础题型,解题思路可以按三步走:第一步先根据句子结构判断空缺处所需的词性,第二步结合给出的中文提示写出对应的英文单词原形,第三步再结合句子的时态、主谓一致、指代提示等语法规则对单词做正确的形式变形,最后验证拼写是否符合句意和语法要求。比如遇到并列结构要保证前后词性一致,看到后文的过去式提示要把谓语动词改成过去式,看到复数物主代词要把可数名词改成复数形式,避免只写对单词原形却因形式错误丢分。
【解析】
1. 空前and并列的是名词ability(能力),说明空缺处要填名词,中文“勇气”对应的英文不可数名词是courage,直接填写即可。
2. 此处和前文的gold(金)并列,对应“金山银山”的固定表达,中文“银”对应的英文不可数名词是silver,直接填写即可。
3. 句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语The task是第三人称单数,中文“需要”对应的动词require要变为第三人称单数形式requires。
4. 后文出现复数形容词性物主代词their,说明主语是复数,中文“运动员”对应的可数名词athlete要变为复数形式athletes。
5. 后半句的forgot是一般过去式,说明“提醒”这个动作发生在过去,对应的动词remind要变为过去式reminded。
6. 空前动词build后面需要接名词作宾语,中文“自信心”对应的英文不可数名词是confidence,直接填写即可。
【答案】
1. courage 2. silver 3. requires 4. athletes 5. reminded 6. confidence
【知识点】
1. 核心词汇拼写
2. 动词时态与主谓一致
3. 名词单复数变形
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础的词形运用题型,既考察课标要求的核心名词、动词的基础拼写,也融入了并列结构、时态呼应、指代判断等基础语法考点,整体难度不高,同学们容易出错的点是忽略语境提示直接写单词原形,比如忘记把主语为三单的谓语动词加s、忘记根据their把可数名词改为复数,后续做题要注意结合全句的语法线索校验单词形式。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
Linlin first experienced volunteering at the age of 7. At that time, his parents allowed him 1(work)for a soccer programme. While the players 2(play)soccer, he helped them carry things. “I realized I could make a difference, even as a child,” said Linlin.
These years his life has many changes, but he still does the volunteering. When being asked about his favourite part of volunteering, he answered in an exciting voice, “The smiles, hugs and thank-yous.” If he sees someone in trouble, he 3(deal)with it quickly.
Once Linlin 4(learn)that the kids needed meals on weekends. Although he faced the difficulties of doing both school and volunteering, he joined a group to help them. He spent every Saturday afternoon 5(hand)out hot dishes to the kids. “When I find I can actually do it every Saturday,” said Linlin, “it becomes 6(happy)thing I look forward to each week.” Last year, Linlin 7(teach)primary school students to read. He also helped blind people create art pieces. Recently, he 8(begin)helping the old with other volunteers. They offered birthday cakes to everyone over 89 during their birthday month.
Linlin’s love for volunteering 9(not stop). “Helping others is just like helping 10(we). It is so meaningful that I will keep on making a difference to someone’s life,” said Linlin.
1.
to work
2.
were playing
3.
will deal
4.
learned
5.
handing

6.
the happiest
7.
taught
8.
has begun
9.
won't stop
10.
ourselves

答案

1. to work 2. were playing 3. will deal 4. learned 5. handing 6. the happiest 7. taught 8. has begun 9. won't stop 10. ourselves

解析

【分析】
这是一篇短文型的词形转换填空题,解题思路可以按两步走:第一步先通读全文,梳理文章整体叙事逻辑,明确不同时间节点对应的时态规则;第二步逐个分析空格,先判断空格处所需的词性、再结合固定搭配、时态标志词、语境语义、语法规则推导正确形式:比如遇到allow、spend这类动词优先回忆对应的非谓语固定搭配,遇到while、if、once、last year、recently这类标志词立刻对应相应的时态,遇到有范围的形容词修饰场景要考虑最高级,指代自身的动作要使用反身代词,结合前后文语义验证答案合理性即可。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配:allow sb. to do sth. 是固定用法,意为“允许某人做某事”,因此work变为不定式形式to work。
2. 考查过去进行时:while引导时间状语从句时,强调从句动作和主句动作同时发生,主句谓语helped是一般过去时,从句要用过去进行时,主语the players是复数,因此填were playing。
3. 考查条件状语从句的时态规则:if引导真实条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主句要使用一般将来时,因此填will deal。
4. 考查一般过去时:Once意为“曾经”,是一般过去时的典型时间标志,谓语动词要用过去式,learn的过去式为learned。
5. 考查固定搭配:spend time (in) doing sth. 是固定用法,意为“花费时间做某事”,因此hand变为动名词形式handing。
6. 考查形容词最高级:句中限定了范围“我每周都期待的所有事物里”,要表达“最开心的事”,happy需变为形容词最高级,注意最高级前要加定冠词the,因此填the happiest。
7. 考查一般过去时:Last year是一般过去时的时间标志,teach的过去式为taught。
8. 考查现在完成时:Recently意为“最近”,是现在完成时的典型标志,主语he是第三人称单数,助动词用has,begin的过去分词为begun,因此填has begun。
9. 考查一般将来时的否定形式:根据后文“我会继续为他人的生活带来改变”的语义,可知他对志愿活动的热爱不会停止,用一般将来时的否定结构,因此填won't stop。
10. 考查反身代词:句意为“帮助别人就像帮助我们自己”,此处要使用we对应的反身代词,因此填ourselves。
【答案】
1. to work 2. were playing 3. will deal 4. learned 5. handing 6. the happiest 7. taught 8. has begun 9. won't stop 10. ourselves
【知识点】
非谓语动词,动词时态,词形转换
【点评】
本题是初中英语核心的词形转换综合题型,考点覆盖了初中阶段绝大多数高频语法点,既考查学生对固定搭配、时态标志词等基础知识点的记忆,也要求学生结合上下文语境推导语义,避免孤立看单个句子选错时态,整体考点分布均衡,能有效检验学生的基础语法应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6