2026年基础训练大象出版社九年级英语上册人教版第68页答案
一、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. It was a wonderful moment when the longest bridge across the sea
was completed
(complete).
2. When new safety rules
were introduced
(introduce) in car factories, the number of accidents dropped greatly.
3. Because the old library was too small, a new and big one
was built
(build) in the centre of the city last year.
4. After the engine
was improved
(improve), the car could run much longer.
5. According to the school rules, students
are not allowed
(not allow) to use mobile phones in class.

答案

1. was completed
2. were introduced
3. was built
4. was improved
5. are not allowed

解析

【分析】
解答这类题需遵循四步:1. 判断主被动关系:观察主语是动作的执行者还是承受者,本题所有句子主语均为动作的承受者,需用被动语态;2. 确定时态:通过句中时间状语(如last year)或上下文时态(如was、dropped、could)判断时态,本题多为一般过去时,第5题是一般现在时;3. 确定be动词形式:根据主语的单复数,对应时态的be动词(一般过去时单数用was、复数用were;一般现在时复数用are);4. 转换动词形式:将所给动词变为过去分词,构成被动语态结构(be+过去分词)。
【解析】
1. 主语the longest bridge是动作complete的承受者,结合前文was可知时态为一般过去时,主语为单数,be动词用was,complete的过去分词是completed,故填was completed。
2. 主语new safety rules是动作introduce的承受者,后文dropped为过去式,时态为一般过去时,主语为复数,be动词用were,introduce的过去分词是introduced,故填were introduced。
3. 主语a new and big one(指代library)是动作build的承受者,时间状语last year表过去,时态为一般过去时,主语为单数,be动词用was,build的过去分词是built,故填was built。
4. 主语the engine是动作improve的承受者,后文could为过去式,时态为一般过去时,主语为单数,be动词用was,improve的过去分词是improved,故填was improved。
5. 主语students是动作allow的承受者,根据school rules可知是现在的规定,时态为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词用are,否定式为are not,allow的过去分词是allowed,故填are not allowed。
【答案】
1. was completed
2. were introduced
3. was built
4. was improved
5. are not allowed
【知识点】
被动语态、一般过去时、一般现在时
【点评】
本题考查英语被动语态在不同时态中的应用,核心是掌握被动语态的结构(be+过去分词),需结合主被动关系和时间语境确定be动词的形式,是初中英语语法的基础考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3
二、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
melt wheel freeze east tourism
1. Without the simple but great idea of
wheels
, many inventions like cars and bicycles would never have been created.
2. Online booking apps for hotels and flights have completely changed the
tourism
industry.
3. The invention of the fridge allowed food to be kept
frozen
for a long time.
4. Ancient workers discovered that when certain rocks were heated strongly, they
melted
and could be turned into tools.
5. Knowledge about making silk slowly spread from the
eastern
areas of Asia to the rest of the world along the Silk Road.

答案

1. wheels
2. tourism
3. frozen
4. melted
5. eastern

解析

【分析】
本题为选词填空题,需结合句子语境、词性要求,对方框内的单词进行正确形式的变形。解题思路:先通读每个句子,明确句子缺少的词性;再结合方框内的单词含义,匹配对应语境;最后根据语法规则(如名词单复数、形容词变形、动词时态)调整单词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意:没有轮子这个简单却伟大的想法,很多像汽车、自行车这样的发明就不会被创造。此处表示“轮子”,wheel为可数名词,泛指各类轮子,需用复数形式wheels。
2. 句意:酒店和航班的在线预订应用彻底改变了旅游业。tourism为名词,意为“旅游业”,符合语境,直接用原形。
3. 句意:冰箱的发明让食物可以被冷冻保存很长时间。keep sth + adj表示“使某物保持某种状态”,freeze的形容词形式为frozen,意为“冷冻的”,符合语境。
4. 句意:古代工人发现某些岩石被强热时会融化,能被制成工具。主句为过去时态,when引导的从句也用过去时态,melt的过去式为melted。
5. 句意:丝绸制作的知识沿着丝绸之路从亚洲东部地区慢慢传播到世界其他地方。修饰名词areas需用形容词,east的形容词形式为eastern,意为“东部的”,符合语境。
【答案】
1. wheels
2. tourism
3. frozen
4. melted
5. eastern
【知识点】
名词单复数、形容词变形、动词过去式
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的正确形式运用,需结合句意分析词性并进行合理变形,难度适中,只要掌握基础词汇的不同形式即可完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子,每空一词。
1. 青藏铁路是世界上最高的铁路,延伸至海拔5 000米以上。
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway is the world's highest railway,
reaching
over 5,000 metres
above
sea
level
.
2. 院子里的这棵老树不应该被砍掉,它是很多年前我爷爷种的。
This old tree in the yard
was
not
supposed
to
be cut down, and it
was
planted
by my grandfather many years ago.
3. 人们普遍相信,最早在中国古代制造的纸,是全世界最重要的发明之一。
It
is
believed
that
paper, first made in ancient China, is one of the most important inventions
all
over
the
world
.
4. 这个新港口将极大地促进该地区的经济发展。
The new port will greatly improve
economic
development
in this area.
5. 专家测试了土壤,发现它太软而无法在上面建造高速公路,于是他们用特殊材料对其进行了改良。
Experts tested the soil and found it
too
soft
to
build
on
a new highway, so they improved it with special materials.

答案

1. reaching; above; sea; level
2. was; not; supposed; to; was; planted
3. It; is; believed; that; all; over; the; world
4. economic; development
5. too; soft; to; build; on

解析

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思完成英语句子,需结合语法规则、固定短语及常用句型填空。解题时先分析句子结构,判断所需词汇的词性、形式,再匹配对应表达:
1. 第一句:“延伸至”对应现在分词作伴随状语(铁路与“延伸”是主动关系),“海拔”有固定短语;
2. 第二句:“不应该被”对应固定搭配,“被种”需用一般过去时被动语态;
3. 第三句:“人们普遍相信”是固定句型,“全世界”有固定短语;
4. 第四句:“经济发展”是固定名词短语;
5. 第五句:“太……而不能……”是固定结构,“建造”需加介词指代土壤。
【解析】
1. 第一空:铁路“延伸”与主句是主动关系,用现在分词reaching;后三空对应“海拔”的固定表达above sea level,故填reaching; above; sea; level;
2. 前四空:“不应该被”对应固定搭配was not supposed to;后两空:树“被种”是一般过去时被动语态,主语为单数,故填was not supposed to; was planted;
3. 前四空:“人们普遍相信”是固定句型It is believed that;后四空:“全世界”是all over the world,故填It is believed that; all over the world;
4. 此处需填“经济发展”的固定短语economic development,故填economic; development;
5. “太……而不能……”是too...to...结构,“建造高速公路”需用build on(on指代土壤),故填too; soft; to; build; on。
【答案】
1. reaching; above; sea; level
2. was; not; supposed; to; was; planted
3. It; is; believed; that; all; over; the; world
4. economic; development
5. too; soft; to; build; on
【知识点】
非谓语动词、被动语态、固定句型
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法和常用固定表达,需熟练掌握常见搭配,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生巩固练习。
【难度系数】
0.7