二、词汇检测
A)用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子通顺。
1. Anna always shares her thoughts (open) so everyone can discuss them together.
2. When Lily helps her classmates, she always does it (polite) to make them happy.
3. My teacher reads new words (patient) until we can pronounce them correctly.
4. My dad fixed the broken (tap) in our kitchen so we can use clean water easily now.
5. Dad looks (please) when I finish my chores on time and keep my room tidy.
6. (normal), I walk to school with my best friend because our homes are near each other.

A)1. openly 2. politely 3. patiently
4. tap/taps 5. pleased 6. Normally

【分析】
本题考查词汇的正确形式填空，需结合句子结构和语法功能判断所需词性，再对所给单词进行对应转换：1. 修饰动词shares需用副词；2. 修饰动词does需用副词；3. 修饰动词reads需用副词；4. 形容词broken后需接名词；5. 系动词looks后需接形容词；6. 句首作状语需用副词。
【解析】
1. 空格处修饰动词shares，需用open的副词形式openly；
2. 空格处修饰动词does，需用polite的副词形式politely；
3. 空格处修饰动词reads，需用patient的副词形式patiently；
4. 空格处被形容词broken修饰，需用名词tap，单复数均可，故填tap/taps；
5. 空格处跟在系动词looks后作表语，需用please的形容词形式pleased；
6. 空格处位于句首作状语，需用normal的副词形式Normally。
【答案】
1. openly 2. politely 3. patiently 4. tap/taps 5. pleased 6. Normally
【知识点】
副词的用法、词性转换、名词单复数
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题，主要考查词性转换及不同词性在句子中的语法功能，需掌握常见的形容词变副词、名词单复数变化等规则，难度不大。
【难度系数】
0.6

B)根据首字母提示写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. We need to b quietly in the library so others can read without disturbance.
2. We can solve this puzzle d, so don't struggle with it on one single side.
3. We must not run in the school h, or we may bump into other students.
4. Tom will be the h for a small party at his house this Sunday to celebrate his birthday.
5. After eating lunch, I always wipe my p clean before washing it.
6. I will r to play video games for too long because it's bad for my eyes.

B)1. behave 2. differently 3. hallways 4. host
5. plate 6. refuse

【分析】这类根据首字母填单词的题目，解题思路是：先通读句子理解语境，明确空缺处所需单词的词性（如动词、副词、名词等），再结合首字母提示，回忆符合语境的常用英语单词，最后验证单词填入后句子是否通顺合理。
【解析】1. 句意：我们在图书馆需要安静举止，这样其他人能不受干扰地阅读。此处需动词原形，结合首字母b，填behave；2. 句意：我们可以用不同的方法解决这个谜题，不要只从一个方面努力。此处需副词修饰动词solve，结合首字母d，填differently；3. 句意：我们不能在学校走廊跑，否则可能撞到其他学生。此处需名词复数，结合首字母h，填hallways；4. 句意：汤姆本周日将在家当主人举办小派对来庆祝生日。此处需名词表示“主人”，结合首字母h，填host；5. 句意：吃完午饭后，我总是先擦干净盘子再洗。此处需名词表示“盘子”，结合首字母p，填plate；6. 句意：我会拒绝玩太久电子游戏，因为对眼睛不好。此处需动词原形，结合首字母r，填refuse。
【答案】1. behave 2. differently 3. hallways 4. host 5. plate 6. refuse
【知识点】词汇运用 首字母填空 常用词汇辨析
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，需学生结合语境和首字母匹配正确单词，属于英语基础题型，侧重日常词汇积累，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3

三、词汇运用
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。
If a person wants to be a gentleman, they should pay attention to what they do and say. Then what are the rules for a gentleman on words and 1. (act)? Let's find out the answers from Confucius, one of the 2. (great) thinkers in ancient China.
Confucius said, "If a gentleman, not caring for food or housing, is diligent in what he does, careful with what he says and rectifies 3. (he) with a worthy, he can be regarded as a good learner."
In the West, people pay too much attention to 4. (be) eloquent(能言善辩的). They believe that how someone says something is 5. (important) than what is said. However, Confucius didn't think so. He believed that gentlemen should choose their words 6. (careful), even if that may make people feel bored.
Confucius 7. (hold) these beliefs because he believed that words are important and that they should follow established etiquette(规矩). But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard. He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus on their work 8. (improve) themselves.
These rules for gentlemen's words and actions 9. (influence) Chinese people for a long time. Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical spirit rather than say beautiful words.
Of course, as culture has developed over time, we should also view his words critically(批判性地). 10. (choose) our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom.

三、词汇运用
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了孔子对于君子言行的看法以及这些看法对中国人的影响，同时提到要批判性地看待这些观点。
1. acts/actions 2. greatest 3. himself 4. being
5. more important 6. carefully 7. held
8. to improve 9. have influenced 10. Choosing

【分析】
本题为语篇型词汇运用题，需结合短文语境和语法知识，对括号内单词进行正确形式转换。解题思路：1. 分析空白处的句子成分和并列结构，确定词性/形式；2. 依据固定搭配、时态规则、比较级结构、非谓语用法等语法点，结合语境判断单词的正确形式；3. 逐一验证每个空的转换是否符合语篇逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 考查名词复数：and连接并列成分，与名词words对应，需用act的名词复数形式，故填acts/actions；
2. 考查形容词最高级：固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，故填greatest；
3. 考查反身代词：rectify oneself为固定搭配，意为“修正自己”，主语为he，故填himself；
4. 考查动名词：pay attention to中to为介词，后接动词ing形式，故be变为being；
5. 考查形容词比较级：由句中than可知需用形容词比较级，important为多音节词，比较级加more，故填more important；
6. 考查副词：修饰动词choose需用副词，careful的副词形式为carefully，故填carefully；
7. 考查一般过去时：描述孔子过去提出的观点，用一般过去时，hold的过去式为held，故填held；
8. 考查不定式作目的状语：此处表示“专注工作以提升自己”，表目的用不定式，故填to improve；
9. 考查现在完成时：由时间状语for a long time可知，用现在完成时，主语为复数，故填have influenced；
10. 考查动名词作主语：此处作句子主语，需用动名词形式，故填Choosing。
【答案】
1. acts/actions 2. greatest 3. himself 4. being 5. more important 6. carefully 7. held 8. to improve 9. have influenced 10. Choosing
【知识点】
词汇运用、非谓语动词、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题综合考查学生对语篇语境的理解及基础语法知识的运用，涵盖词性转换、固定搭配、时态、比较级等考点，需结合短文内容准确判断单词形式，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6