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Ⅲ. 阅读理解，选择最佳选项。
For centuries, the Giza pyramids have stood as timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. Yet, the question of who built them remained unanswered for years. Recently, archaeologists uncovered an ancient village and a cemetery close to the pyramids. Through studying these sites, they now confirm that ordinary Egyptians, not slaves, foreigners, or even space aliens, were the builders.
It took approximately eighty years to construct the pyramids, with around 20,000-30,000 people involved. These workers had various roles: Some dug up the rock, some transported it, and others shaped it into blocks. They also worked in different teams, each with its own name, and these teams often competed to finish tasks more quickly.
A pyramid builder’s life was hard. Archaeologists also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. Their lives might have been tougher. Men lived to 45, while women only lived to 35. However, the workers generally had enough food and received medical care if they fell ill or were injured.
Despite the challenges, the labourers took pride in their work. For instance, on Khufu’s Great Pyramid, a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu”. An Egyptian archaeologist explains, “They were not just building the tomb of their king; they were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”
(
A. How long female workers lived.
B. Information on the lives of pyramid builders.
C. The benefits of being a male worker.
D. Men’s and women’s roles in Egyptian society.
(
A. It took over a century to complete.
B. Builders all did the same work.
C. More than 30,000 workers were involved.
D. Builders worked in teams.
(
A. kings
B. archaeologists
C. workers
D. women
(
A. who the pyramid builders were and what they did
B. why Egyptian kings wanted to build pyramids
C. how Khufu’s Great Pyramid was constructed
D. what life was like for Egyptian kings
For centuries, the Giza pyramids have stood as timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. Yet, the question of who built them remained unanswered for years. Recently, archaeologists uncovered an ancient village and a cemetery close to the pyramids. Through studying these sites, they now confirm that ordinary Egyptians, not slaves, foreigners, or even space aliens, were the builders.
It took approximately eighty years to construct the pyramids, with around 20,000-30,000 people involved. These workers had various roles: Some dug up the rock, some transported it, and others shaped it into blocks. They also worked in different teams, each with its own name, and these teams often competed to finish tasks more quickly.
A pyramid builder’s life was hard. Archaeologists also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. Their lives might have been tougher. Men lived to 45, while women only lived to 35. However, the workers generally had enough food and received medical care if they fell ill or were injured.
Despite the challenges, the labourers took pride in their work. For instance, on Khufu’s Great Pyramid, a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu”. An Egyptian archaeologist explains, “They were not just building the tomb of their king; they were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”
(
B
)1. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. How long female workers lived.
B. Information on the lives of pyramid builders.
C. The benefits of being a male worker.
D. Men’s and women’s roles in Egyptian society.
(
D
)2. Which statement about building the pyramids is TRUE?A. It took over a century to complete.
B. Builders all did the same work.
C. More than 30,000 workers were involved.
D. Builders worked in teams.
(
C
)3. The word “labourers” in Paragraph 4 probably means “”.A. kings
B. archaeologists
C. workers
D. women
(
A
)4. The main purpose of this reading is to describe .A. who the pyramid builders were and what they did
B. why Egyptian kings wanted to build pyramids
C. how Khufu’s Great Pyramid was constructed
D. what life was like for Egyptian kings
答案
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
2. D
3. C
4. A
解析
【分析】
做英语阅读理解题时，需先通读文章把握核心大意，再针对每个题目定位原文对应段落，分析选项与原文的匹配度，排除片面或干扰项。第1题需定位第三段归纳主旨；第2题需逐一核对选项与原文细节；第3题需结合上下文语境猜测词义；第4题需梳理全文提炼核心主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第三段，该段主要介绍金字塔建造者的生活状况（如寿命、食物、医疗保障等）。A选项仅为段落中的细节（女性寿命），C选项仅提及男性工人的部分情况，D选项未涉及埃及社会中男女角色，均非段落主旨，故答案为B。
2. 第2题：定位第二段。A选项：原文提到建造耗时约80年，并非“超过一个世纪”，错误；B选项：原文指出工人有不同角色，并非“做相同工作”，错误；C选项：原文涉及工人数量为20000-30000，并非“超过30000”，错误；D选项：原文明确提到“他们以不同团队工作”，正确，故答案为D。
3. 第3题：定位第四段，前文围绕金字塔建造者（workers）展开，“the labourers”指代前文的建造者，结合语境可知其意为“workers”，故答案为C。
4. 第4题：全文先说明金字塔建造者是普通埃及人，再介绍他们的工作内容、生活状况及对工作的态度，核心是描述金字塔建造者的身份与相关情况，对应A选项；B、C、D选项均未涉及全文核心，故答案为A。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕金字塔建造者的相关内容设题，涵盖细节查找、主旨归纳、词义猜测等考点，考查学生的语篇理解能力，难度适中，需学生精准定位原文信息，排除片面或错误选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
做英语阅读理解题时，需先通读文章把握核心大意，再针对每个题目定位原文对应段落，分析选项与原文的匹配度，排除片面或干扰项。第1题需定位第三段归纳主旨；第2题需逐一核对选项与原文细节；第3题需结合上下文语境猜测词义；第4题需梳理全文提炼核心主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第三段，该段主要介绍金字塔建造者的生活状况（如寿命、食物、医疗保障等）。A选项仅为段落中的细节（女性寿命），C选项仅提及男性工人的部分情况，D选项未涉及埃及社会中男女角色，均非段落主旨，故答案为B。
2. 第2题：定位第二段。A选项：原文提到建造耗时约80年，并非“超过一个世纪”，错误；B选项：原文指出工人有不同角色，并非“做相同工作”，错误；C选项：原文涉及工人数量为20000-30000，并非“超过30000”，错误；D选项：原文明确提到“他们以不同团队工作”，正确，故答案为D。
3. 第3题：定位第四段，前文围绕金字塔建造者（workers）展开，“the labourers”指代前文的建造者，结合语境可知其意为“workers”，故答案为C。
4. 第4题：全文先说明金字塔建造者是普通埃及人，再介绍他们的工作内容、生活状况及对工作的态度，核心是描述金字塔建造者的身份与相关情况，对应A选项；B、C、D选项均未涉及全文核心，故答案为A。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕金字塔建造者的相关内容设题，涵盖细节查找、主旨归纳、词义猜测等考点，考查学生的语篇理解能力，难度适中，需学生精准定位原文信息，排除片面或错误选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
