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四、信息还原(每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many of us have had the same “pleasant surprise”. After you mark a song as a favourite on a music app, it suggests songs of the same kind to listen to. 41.
Big data is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer programme. It can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies, and governments. 42.
43.
Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. 44.
45.
A. Big data can be used in many ways.
B. Why do we use big data for bad things?
C. Big data can also be used for bad reasons.
D. How can big data be used for good and bad things?
E. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses.
F. In fact, this magic, mind-reading power depends on data.
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many of us have had the same “pleasant surprise”. After you mark a song as a favourite on a music app, it suggests songs of the same kind to listen to. 41.
F
Big data is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer programme. It can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies, and governments. 42.
E
Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.43.
A
The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. The information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Companies use big data too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. 44.
C
It can be used by people who are likely to break the law to steal others’ personal information.45.
D
It is because the computer programmes used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.A. Big data can be used in many ways.
B. Why do we use big data for bad things?
C. Big data can also be used for bad reasons.
D. How can big data be used for good and bad things?
E. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses.
F. In fact, this magic, mind-reading power depends on data.
答案
41~45 FEACD
解析
【分析】本题为英语信息还原题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，明确文章围绕“大数据”展开，梳理各段主旨；2. 分析每个空白处的前后句，寻找衔接线索（如指代、并列、总分、转折等逻辑关系）；3. 将选项与空白处匹配，验证逻辑是否通顺。例如41空需衔接前文音乐app推荐功能与后文大数据，42空需匹配后文“Another set”的并列结构，以此类推。
【解析】41空：前文提到音乐app标记喜欢后推荐同类歌曲，F选项“事实上，这种神奇的读心能力依赖于数据”，既衔接了前文的“pleasant surprise”，又引出下文对大数据的介绍，故选F；42空：后文出现“Another set”，E选项“一组数据可以包含人们的姓名和地址”，与后文构成“一组...另一组...”的并列结构，故选E；43空：后文列举政府、公司利用大数据的具体事例，A选项“大数据可以有很多用途”是总起句，统领后文的举例内容，故选A；44空：前文介绍大数据的好用途，后文提到被坏人利用，C选项“大数据也可以被用于不好的方面”承上启下，转折说明大数据的弊端，故选C；45空：后文解释大数据存在好坏用途的原因，D选项“为什么大数据会被用于好的和坏的事情上”引出下文的原因分析，故选D。
【答案】FEACD
【知识点】英语信息还原、语篇衔接
【点评】本题侧重考查学生对语篇逻辑关系的理解，需结合上下文的指代、并列、总分等线索解题，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】41空：前文提到音乐app标记喜欢后推荐同类歌曲，F选项“事实上，这种神奇的读心能力依赖于数据”，既衔接了前文的“pleasant surprise”，又引出下文对大数据的介绍，故选F；42空：后文出现“Another set”，E选项“一组数据可以包含人们的姓名和地址”，与后文构成“一组...另一组...”的并列结构，故选E；43空：后文列举政府、公司利用大数据的具体事例，A选项“大数据可以有很多用途”是总起句，统领后文的举例内容，故选A；44空：前文介绍大数据的好用途，后文提到被坏人利用，C选项“大数据也可以被用于不好的方面”承上启下，转折说明大数据的弊端，故选C；45空：后文解释大数据存在好坏用途的原因，D选项“为什么大数据会被用于好的和坏的事情上”引出下文的原因分析，故选D。
【答案】FEACD
【知识点】英语信息还原、语篇衔接
【点评】本题侧重考查学生对语篇逻辑关系的理解，需结合上下文的指代、并列、总分等线索解题，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
