五、词汇运用(每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。
Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition (全球认可) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
Tea was 46. (one) discovered in China. According to legend, Emperor Shennong found tea by accident when leaves fell into his hot water. Since then, tea 47. (become) an important part of daily life. In China, people of all ages, especially the elderly, enjoy drinking tea. Many families are used to 48. (gather) to chat over a cup of tea.
Brewing (冲泡) tea is an art. 49. (usual), it is produced by traditional methods. To start with, pour hot water into the teapot to warm it up. Then add tea leaves and pour hot water again. After a few minutes, the tea is ready to serve. This process requires patience and carefulness.
It is important for young people 50. (learn) about tea culture because it helps them understand their Chinese traditions. Drinking tea also makes a 51. (different) in people’s lives. It helps us relax after a busy day and improves 52. (communicate) between friends and family. Meanwhile, it is a traditional Chinese custom that a host usually welcomes visiting 53. (guest) with boiled tea. A poem by Song poet Du Lei reads: I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night. When water boils on the stove, fire burns with a flame bright.
China has been 54. (success) in sharing its tea culture around the world. Today, Chinese tea is loved by many people in different countries. Whether it’s green tea, black tea, or oolong tea, each type has 55. (it) own unique flavour and story. Thanks to tea, China has built a bridge of friendship through this ancient tradition.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了茶的起源以及茶文化对人们的影响。
46. first 47. has become 48. gathering
49. Usually 50. to learn 51. difference
52. communication 53. guests 54. successful
55. its

【分析】本题为语篇型词汇运用题，需结合短文语境、语法规则（包括词性转换、时态、固定搭配等），逐个分析每个空白处的句子结构、所需词性/时态等，将括号内单词转换为正确形式，使短文通顺连贯。
【解析】46. 此处表示“最初”，需用one的副词形式first；47. 由时间状语since then可知，句子用现在完成时，主语tea为单数，故填has become；48. 固定搭配be used to doing sth意为“习惯于做某事”，故gather变为gathering；49. 此处修饰整个句子，需用usual的副词形式，且句首大写，故填Usually；50. 固定句型It is + adj + for sb to do sth，故填to learn；51. 固定短语make a difference意为“有影响”，需用different的名词形式difference；52. 此处作improves的宾语，需用communicate的名词形式communication；53. guest为可数名词，此处指来访的客人，用复数形式guests；54. 固定搭配be successful in意为“成功做某事”，需用success的形容词形式successful；55. 此处修饰名词flavour，需用it的形容词性物主代词its。
【答案】46. first 47. has become 48. gathering 49. Usually 50. to learn 51. difference 52. communication 53. guests 54. successful 55. its
【知识点】词性转换、现在完成时、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查语篇语境下的词汇正确形式运用，覆盖基础语法知识点，需学生结合上下文和语法规则解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

六、短文填空(每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They helped with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very 56. s. He also hopes more people can 57. d the habit of sorting garbage.
Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A 58. h change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once argued (争论) 59. a garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines beside the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those whose wish 60. l include them.
Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a 61. b place. Also, people can get points on apps if they 62. m to put the garbage into the right bins. “The points can be exchanged for gifts online,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”.
16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written 63. a about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I even made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the 64. e,” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work 65. c with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting in the following years.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了上海垃圾分类工作的显著效果。
56. successful 57. develop 58. huge 59. against
60. lists 61. better 62. manage 63. articles
64. environment 65. closely

【分析】
这是一道英语短文填空题，解题思路为：先通读全文理解主旨（上海垃圾分类工作的成效），再逐句分析每个空的语法结构、语义逻辑，结合首字母提示匹配正确单词，同时注意固定搭配、名词单复数等细节。
【解析】
56. 句意：经过多年推广，志愿者社区的垃圾分类工作非常成功。结合首字母s及语境，填形容词successful。
57. 句意：希望更多人养成垃圾分类的习惯。固定搭配develop the habit of（养成……的习惯），结合首字母d，填develop。
58. 句意：近年来上海发生了巨大变化。结合首字母h及语境，填形容词huge修饰名词change。
59. 句意：人们曾经争论反对垃圾分类，但现在积极参与。固定搭配argue against（反对），结合首字母a，填against。
60. 句意：这能帮助那些愿望清单里包含旧衣服的人。those后接复数名词，结合首字母l，填lists（wish lists：愿望清单）。
61. 句意：垃圾分类是让社区成为更好地方的方式。结合首字母b及语境，填形容词比较级better。
62. 句意：如果人们设法把垃圾放进正确的桶，就能在APP上得积分。固定搭配manage to do sth（设法做成某事），结合首字母m，填manage。
63. 句意：16岁志愿者做海报、写关于垃圾分类的文章。与posters对应，用复数名词，结合首字母a，填articles。
64. 句意：他们知道垃圾分类对环境有多重要。结合首字母e及语境，填名词environment。
65. 句意：未来社区会和当地学校密切合作。固定搭配work closely with（与……密切合作），结合首字母c，填closely。
【答案】
56. successful 57. develop 58. huge 59. against 60. lists 61. better 62. manage 63. articles 64. environment 65. closely
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合语境与首字母考查词汇、固定搭配的运用，需学生理解文章主旨，逐句分析逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6