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A
KEY→P35
范畴:人与社会 主题:历史文化 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/10
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词,使短文意思完整,每空一词。
$Many of you may have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C_1. But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing?$
$Song was a great scientist d_2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song Yingxing won third place while Song Yingsheng won sixth place in the provincial imperial examination($科举考试$). Later, they took the national imperial examination, but they b_3 failed.$
$Song worked as a teacher for many years. He took the national imperial examination another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the technologies that were being used in d_4 fields. His wide k_5 enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.$
$The book c_6 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations($插图$) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a_7 it came out.$
$The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but Song and his brother were loyal to the Ming government. They r_8 to serve the new Qing government. Song lived a poor life in the rest of his life. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems a_9 the new government.$
$Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song's works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already s_10 to many other countries.$
1.
6.
KEY→P35
范畴:人与社会 主题:历史文化 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/10
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词,使短文意思完整,每空一词。
$Many of you may have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C_1. But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing?$
$Song was a great scientist d_2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song Yingxing won third place while Song Yingsheng won sixth place in the provincial imperial examination($科举考试$). Later, they took the national imperial examination, but they b_3 failed.$
$Song worked as a teacher for many years. He took the national imperial examination another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the technologies that were being used in d_4 fields. His wide k_5 enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.$
$The book c_6 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations($插图$) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a_7 it came out.$
$The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but Song and his brother were loyal to the Ming government. They r_8 to serve the new Qing government. Song lived a poor life in the rest of his life. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems a_9 the new government.$
$Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song's works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already s_10 to many other countries.$
1.
Chinese
2. during
3. both
4. different
5. knowledge
6.
covered
7. after
8. refused
9. against
10. spread
答案
1. Chinese 《天工开物》是用汉语书写的一部百科全书。in Chinese用汉语。
2. during 宋应星是明末一位伟大的科学家。由首字母可知,这里填写during。
3. both 上文提到了Song Yingxing和Song Yingsheng,由此可判断这里填写both。
4. different 在他多次前往首都参加考试的旅途中,他了解了不同领域正在使用的技术。由首字母可知,这里填写different。
5. knowledge 由句意和首字母可知,他广博的知识使他能够在17世纪30年代创造出《天工开物》。knowledge知识。
6. covered 这本书包含130多种技术。时态为一般过去时,故填写covered。
7. after 书出版后才有可能受欢迎,由首字母可知,这里填写after。
8. refused 由Song and his brother were loyal to the Ming government可知,他们拒绝为清政府服务。所填写词作谓语,又是一般过去时,故填写refused。
9. against 由上文内容可知,他不愿为清政府服务,由此可推断在他生命的最后几年,他写了许多反对新政府的文章和诗歌。against反对。
10. spread 宋的作品被毁,但《天工开物》已经传播到许多其他国家,故填写过去分词spread。
2. during 宋应星是明末一位伟大的科学家。由首字母可知,这里填写during。
3. both 上文提到了Song Yingxing和Song Yingsheng,由此可判断这里填写both。
4. different 在他多次前往首都参加考试的旅途中,他了解了不同领域正在使用的技术。由首字母可知,这里填写different。
5. knowledge 由句意和首字母可知,他广博的知识使他能够在17世纪30年代创造出《天工开物》。knowledge知识。
6. covered 这本书包含130多种技术。时态为一般过去时,故填写covered。
7. after 书出版后才有可能受欢迎,由首字母可知,这里填写after。
8. refused 由Song and his brother were loyal to the Ming government可知,他们拒绝为清政府服务。所填写词作谓语,又是一般过去时,故填写refused。
9. against 由上文内容可知,他不愿为清政府服务,由此可推断在他生命的最后几年,他写了许多反对新政府的文章和诗歌。against反对。
10. spread 宋的作品被毁,但《天工开物》已经传播到许多其他国家,故填写过去分词spread。
解析
【分析】做首字母填空题时，需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合空格前后的语境、首字母提示，同时考虑语法规则（如时态、词性）和固定搭配，逐一推导每个空的正确单词。比如先明确每个空所在句子的含义，再匹配首字母对应的合适词汇，最后验证是否符合语境和语法。
【解析】1. 根据常识及语境，《天工开物》是用汉语书写的，固定搭配“in Chinese”表示“用汉语”，故填Chinese。2. 此处表示“在明末期间”，结合首字母d，填介词during。3. 上文提到宋应星和他的兄弟两人参加科举，此处表示“两者都”失败，故填both。4. 结合语境，他了解了不同领域的技术，首字母d对应形容词different。5. 此处表示“广博的知识”，首字母k对应名词knowledge。6. 句子描述过去的情况，时态为一般过去时，“包含”对应cover的过去式covered，故填covered。7. 结合逻辑，书在出版后才受欢迎，首字母a对应介词after，故填after。8. 兄弟俩忠于明朝，“拒绝”为清政府服务，时态为一般过去时，故填refused。9. 结合语境，他写文章反对新政府，首字母a对应介词against，故填against。10. 此处为现在完成时，“传播”的过去分词是spread，故填spread。
【答案】1.Chinese 2.during 3.both 4.different 5.knowledge 6.covered 7.after 8.refused 9.against 10.spread
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、时态辨析
【点评】本题以《天工开物》作者宋应星的生平为背景，考查英语首字母填空，既要求学生掌握基础词汇，又需具备语境理解和逻辑推理能力，解题时需兼顾词汇含义与语法形式。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 根据常识及语境，《天工开物》是用汉语书写的，固定搭配“in Chinese”表示“用汉语”，故填Chinese。2. 此处表示“在明末期间”，结合首字母d，填介词during。3. 上文提到宋应星和他的兄弟两人参加科举，此处表示“两者都”失败，故填both。4. 结合语境，他了解了不同领域的技术，首字母d对应形容词different。5. 此处表示“广博的知识”，首字母k对应名词knowledge。6. 句子描述过去的情况，时态为一般过去时，“包含”对应cover的过去式covered，故填covered。7. 结合逻辑，书在出版后才受欢迎，首字母a对应介词after，故填after。8. 兄弟俩忠于明朝，“拒绝”为清政府服务，时态为一般过去时，故填refused。9. 结合语境，他写文章反对新政府，首字母a对应介词against，故填against。10. 此处为现在完成时，“传播”的过去分词是spread，故填spread。
【答案】1.Chinese 2.during 3.both 4.different 5.knowledge 6.covered 7.after 8.refused 9.against 10.spread
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、时态辨析
【点评】本题以《天工开物》作者宋应星的生平为背景，考查英语首字母填空，既要求学生掌握基础词汇，又需具备语境理解和逻辑推理能力，解题时需兼顾词汇含义与语法形式。
【难度系数】0.5
