C
solve at home protect hurt punish
We want a great world. To make it, we need to work on three things: 1 the environment, supporting charities, and being polite. It's not always easy, but it's very important for our future.
First, protecting our environment matters. We know plastic pollutes oceans and 2 animals. This pollution can even make us sick. We shouldn't just wait others 3 it. Everyone can help! We can separate rubbish for recycling 4 and at school. The government should 5 the factories that pollute too much.

need spread different build give out
Second, charities do great work. Some people get sick and can't afford their medical care. Good charities help them by 6 medicine at home and abroad. They bring help to people who are in need. To do this well, they need to communicate clearly with everyone involved, like volunteers. So far, they 7 hundreds of helping centres in different countries. They also tell people online that more money is 8 to help more people. Maybe you can donate money or items to a charity you like!
Third, being polite makes everything better. Having a calm discussion helps us find good solutions together. Simple things like saying "please" and "thank you" can 9 kindness.
In conclusion, we can see good things happen when everyone does their part. Let's take action and make a good 10! We can make a cleaner, healthier and happier world!
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1. protecting 2. hurts 3. to solve 4. at home 5. punish
6. giving out 7. have built 8. needed 9. spread
10. difference

【分析】
这是一篇英语短文选词填空题，解题思路如下：
1. 首先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍打造美好世界的三项行动，整体把握文章时态以一般现在时为主，同时存在现在完成时等时态的考点。
2. 先梳理所有备选词汇的含义和可变形形式，结合每个空所在句子的句意、并列结构、固定搭配、语法规则（如非谓语、时态、语态）逐一匹配：先找有并列提示的空，比如第1空和后文的supporting、being polite并列，直接锁定动名词形式；再找有固定搭配标志的空，比如第10空的make a difference，第4空和at school并列的at home；最后结合时态标志、介词用法、情态动词规则等对所选词进行正确的词形变换，最后通读检查逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
我们逐空推导如下：
1. 句意：我们需要做好三件事：保护环境、支持慈善、文明礼貌。后文并列结构是supporting charities和being polite，均为动名词短语，保持结构一致，对应后文的protecting our environment，故填protecting。
2. 句意：我们知道塑料污染海洋，还会伤害动物。主语plastic是不可数名词，and连接并列谓语，前面的pollutes是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，因此hurt要变为三单形式hurts。
3. 句意：我们不应该只是等着别人来解决污染问题。此处是不定式作宾语补足语，wait sb to do sth表示“等着某人做某事”，it指代前文的污染问题，故填to solve。
4. 句意：我们可以在学校和家里分类垃圾来回收利用。后文出现at school，并列对应短语at home，符合语境，故填at home。
5. 句意：政府应该惩罚污染超标的工厂。情态动词should后接动词原形，结合句意选punish，故填punish。
6. 句意：优质慈善机构通过在国内外分发药品来帮助他们。介词by后接动名词形式作方式状语，give out含义为“分发”，符合语境，变为动名词giving out，故填giving out。
7. 句意：到目前为止，他们已经在不同国家建立了数百个帮扶中心。so far是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语是they，现在完成时结构为have+过去分词，build的过去分词为built，故填have built。
8. 句意：他们也在网上告知大家需要更多资金来帮助更多人。此处money和need是被动关系，用被动语态，is后接need的过去分词needed，故填needed。
9. 句意：像说“请”和“谢谢”这类小事可以传递善意。情态动词can后接动词原形，spread含义为“传播、传递”，符合语境，故填spread。
10. 句意：让我们行动起来，发挥作用！固定搭配make a difference表示“有影响、起作用”，故填difference。
【答案】
1. protecting 2. hurts 3. to solve 4. at home 5. punish
6. giving out 7. have built 8. needed 9. spread
10. difference
【知识点】
动词时态语态
非谓语动词
固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语典型的选词填空题型，综合考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力，以及对词形变换、各类基础语法规则的掌握程度，易错点集中在现在完成时结构变形、被动语态的判断、并列非谓语结构的一致性，还有固定短语make a difference的识记，整体考点覆盖全面，能有效检验学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

D
or donate medicine absent for the first time
Wang Wei, who joined in the seventh Wushan Fitness Championship in Hangzhou 1, touched many people with his spirit of fighting against cancer which lasted for seven years.
Wang was diagnosed with follicular lymphoma (滤泡性淋巴瘤) in 2014. He felt very low after knowing that. "It was like I was dreaming, as my body was always good and I didn't smoke 2 drink," Wang said. "It scared me and I felt like I hit rock bottom." Some kind people wanted 3 money to help his treatment, but he thanked them politely.
With family and friends' comfort and support, Wang started 4 treatment in November 2014. He also kept fitness training, a hobby since middle school. Though ill, he was never 5 from daily exercise, even when he was tired after treatment.
worry lose patient encourage try one's best
In 2018, a re-examination found that his cancer had reached the terminal stage. "I wasn't as 6 as before. I kept exercising regularly," he said. His positivity began to influence other 7 around him.
In April 2021, Wang 8 to join in the championship (锦标赛). He trained hard, 9 15.6 kg in 161 days, while receiving weekly treatment. He 10 to complete all training tasks despite (尽管) difficulties.
When standing on the stage, Wang felt it was worth it. "I hope my story can encourage more cancer patients to stay positive," he said.
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1. for the first time 2. or 3. to donate 4. medical
5. absent 6. worried 7. patients 8. was encouraged
9. losing 10. tried his best

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类的英语短文填空，解题时首先要通读全文，理清语篇主旨：本文讲述了抗癌7年的王伟坚持健身、最终登上健身锦标赛舞台的励志故事。接下来逐个分析每个空格的语法属性和语境需求：先判断空格所需的词性、时态/语态要求，再结合给出的备选词汇、固定搭配规则，对词汇进行正确的形式变形，同时要注意上下文的逻辑呼应，比如否定句并列连词的用法、非谓语作伴随状语的规则等，最终匹配出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 此处作句子的时间状语，对应语境“第一次参加杭州第七届巫山健身锦标赛”，填入短语for the first time，符合语义。
2. 句子为否定句，并列两个动作“不抽烟”和“不喝酒”，否定句中并列成分要用or连接，因此填or。
3. 此处符合固定搭配want to do sth.（想要做某事），结合语境好心人想要捐钱帮他治病，因此填入to donate。
4. 此处修饰名词treatment，需要形容词作定语，medicine的形容词形式medical构成固定搭配medical treatment（医疗治疗），符合语境，填medical。
5. 此处符合固定搭配be absent from（缺席……），语义为“他从未缺席日常锻炼”，填入absent。
6. 此处as...as结构中间需要填入形容词原级，描述人的感受，worry的形容词形式worried表示“担忧的”，语义为“我不像之前那么担忧了”，填worried。
7. 此处other后接可数名词复数，结合语境他的积极态度影响了身边其他的病人，patient变复数为patients，填patients。
8. 时间状语是2021年4月，为过去时间，王伟是“被鼓励”去参加锦标赛，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，因此填was encouraged。
9. 此处作伴随状语，和主语He是主动关系，要用现在分词形式，语义为“161天内减重15.6公斤”，lose的现在分词是losing，填losing。
10. 结合语境“他尽全力完成所有训练任务”，事情发生在过去，try one's best的过去式形式，主语是he，因此填tried his best。
【答案】
1. for the first time 2. or 3. to donate 4. medical
5. absent 6. worried 7. patients 8. was encouraged
9. losing 10. tried his best
【知识点】
词形转换，固定搭配，时态语态
【点评】
本题选取正能量的励志记叙文作为语篇，综合考察初中英语核心语法点，既需要学生掌握词性变换、被动语态、非谓语动词等基础语法规则，也要求学生结合上下文语境判断语义，部分空的非谓语和被动语态设置了易错点，能有效检验学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5