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三、从方框中选择合适的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空,每个单词或短语限用一次
noise quite a few environment a group of in the daytime
balance cover an area of work as plenty of cause
1. On summer vacation, I usually have free time to travel or learn something new.
2. When learning to ride a bike, keeping ______ is the most difficult part for beginners.
3. Our school organized a(n) protection activity to clean up the river.
4. There are useful apps for learning English, like Duolingo and Quizlet.
5. Using phones while driving many accidents every year around the world.
6. My cat likes to sleep and becomes very active at night.
7. Our school sports day is always but exciting, especially during relay races (接力赛).
8. Many retired(退休的) teachers volunteers in community education centres.
9. foreign tourists were taking photos in front of the Palace Museum.
10. The seaside park 200 acres along Lianyungang's coastline.
noise quite a few environment a group of in the daytime
balance cover an area of work as plenty of cause
1. On summer vacation, I usually have free time to travel or learn something new.
2. When learning to ride a bike, keeping ______ is the most difficult part for beginners.
3. Our school organized a(n) protection activity to clean up the river.
4. There are useful apps for learning English, like Duolingo and Quizlet.
5. Using phones while driving many accidents every year around the world.
6. My cat likes to sleep and becomes very active at night.
7. Our school sports day is always but exciting, especially during relay races (接力赛).
8. Many retired(退休的) teachers volunteers in community education centres.
9. foreign tourists were taking photos in front of the Palace Museum.
10. The seaside park 200 acres along Lianyungang's coastline.
答案
1. plenty of
2. balance
3. environmental
4. quite a few
5. causes
6. in the daytime
7. noisy
8. work as
9. A group of
10. covers an area of
2. balance
3. environmental
4. quite a few
5. causes
6. in the daytime
7. noisy
8. work as
9. A group of
10. covers an area of
解析
【分析】
先梳理方框内单词/短语的含义、词性及用法，再逐句分析句子的语境、语法要求（如修饰的名词类型、谓语形式、词性需求等），结合词义匹配合适词汇，根据句子需要调整形式（如词性转换、动词单三、句首首字母大写等），确保每个词汇/短语仅用一次。
【解析】
1. 句意：暑假我通常有大量空闲时间旅行或学习新事物。plenty of可修饰不可数名词time，符合语境，故填plenty of。
2. 句意：学习骑自行车时，保持平衡对初学者来说是最难的部分。keep balance是固定搭配，意为“保持平衡”，故填balance。
3. 句意：我们学校组织了环境保护活动来清理河流。此处需形容词修饰名词protection，名词environment的形容词形式为environmental，故填environmental。
4. 句意：有相当多有用的英语学习应用程序，比如多邻国和Quizlet。quite a few修饰可数名词复数，apps是可数名词复数，符合，故填quite a few。
5. 句意：全世界每年开车时使用手机导致很多事故。主语是动名词短语Using phones while driving，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，cause的单三形式为causes，故填causes。
6. 句意：我的猫喜欢白天睡觉，晚上变得很活跃。对应“晚上”的是“白天”，故填in the daytime。
7. 句意：我们学校的运动会总是吵闹但刺激，尤其是在接力赛期间。此处需形容词作表语，名词noise的形容词形式为noisy，故填noisy。
8. 句意：很多退休教师在社区教育中心担任志愿者。work as意为“担任，作为”，主语是复数名词teachers，谓语用原形，故填work as。
9. 句意：一群外国游客正在故宫前拍照。a group of意为“一群”，位于句首首字母大写，故填A group of。
10. 句意：海滨公园沿连云港海岸线占地200英亩。主语是单数名词park，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，covers an area of意为“占地面积”，故填covers an area of。
【答案】
1. plenty of
2. balance
3. environmental
4. quite a few
5. causes
6. in the daytime
7. noisy
8. work as
9. A group of
10. covers an area of
【知识点】
词汇辨析；词性转换；固定搭配
【点评】
本题为选词填空题，考查学生对词汇/短语的词义、词性、形式变化及语境运用的掌握，需结合句意、语法规则和固定搭配解题，整体难度适中，适合初中英语阶段练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
先梳理方框内单词/短语的含义、词性及用法，再逐句分析句子的语境、语法要求（如修饰的名词类型、谓语形式、词性需求等），结合词义匹配合适词汇，根据句子需要调整形式（如词性转换、动词单三、句首首字母大写等），确保每个词汇/短语仅用一次。
【解析】
1. 句意：暑假我通常有大量空闲时间旅行或学习新事物。plenty of可修饰不可数名词time，符合语境，故填plenty of。
2. 句意：学习骑自行车时，保持平衡对初学者来说是最难的部分。keep balance是固定搭配，意为“保持平衡”，故填balance。
3. 句意：我们学校组织了环境保护活动来清理河流。此处需形容词修饰名词protection，名词environment的形容词形式为environmental，故填environmental。
4. 句意：有相当多有用的英语学习应用程序，比如多邻国和Quizlet。quite a few修饰可数名词复数，apps是可数名词复数，符合，故填quite a few。
5. 句意：全世界每年开车时使用手机导致很多事故。主语是动名词短语Using phones while driving，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，cause的单三形式为causes，故填causes。
6. 句意：我的猫喜欢白天睡觉，晚上变得很活跃。对应“晚上”的是“白天”，故填in the daytime。
7. 句意：我们学校的运动会总是吵闹但刺激，尤其是在接力赛期间。此处需形容词作表语，名词noise的形容词形式为noisy，故填noisy。
8. 句意：很多退休教师在社区教育中心担任志愿者。work as意为“担任，作为”，主语是复数名词teachers，谓语用原形，故填work as。
9. 句意：一群外国游客正在故宫前拍照。a group of意为“一群”，位于句首首字母大写，故填A group of。
10. 句意：海滨公园沿连云港海岸线占地200英亩。主语是单数名词park，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，covers an area of意为“占地面积”，故填covers an area of。
【答案】
1. plenty of
2. balance
3. environmental
4. quite a few
5. causes
6. in the daytime
7. noisy
8. work as
9. A group of
10. covers an area of
【知识点】
词汇辨析；词性转换；固定搭配
【点评】
本题为选词填空题，考查学生对词汇/短语的词义、词性、形式变化及语境运用的掌握，需结合句意、语法规则和固定搭配解题，整体难度适中，适合初中英语阶段练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、完形填空
An ecosystem includes all the 1 and non-living things in an area. The earth has many ecosystems, but the ocean is one of the biggest. It 2 about 71% of the earth's surface. It is full of 3 water and produces 70% of the earth's 4. The water in the ocean 5 to the sky, falls on land, and 6 to the sea. Because of this cycle, the ocean is like the " 7 " of the earth.
Ecosystems can be very 8, like a small pond, or very large, like grasslands. Each ecosystem helps keep 9 between its members and the environment.
10 this article, Simon learns that the ocean, wetlands, and forests are the three main ecosystems. He now understands that an ecosystem isn't 11 about plants and animals—it
includes water, air, and land too. The ocean's role is 12; its water rises 13 the sky, forming clouds. Then the water 14 onto mountains and rivers before flowing 15 to the ocean.
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An ecosystem includes all the 1 and non-living things in an area. The earth has many ecosystems, but the ocean is one of the biggest. It 2 about 71% of the earth's surface. It is full of 3 water and produces 70% of the earth's 4. The water in the ocean 5 to the sky, falls on land, and 6 to the sea. Because of this cycle, the ocean is like the " 7 " of the earth.
Ecosystems can be very 8, like a small pond, or very large, like grasslands. Each ecosystem helps keep 9 between its members and the environment.
10 this article, Simon learns that the ocean, wetlands, and forests are the three main ecosystems. He now understands that an ecosystem isn't 11 about plants and animals—it
includes water, air, and land too. The ocean's role is 12; its water rises 13 the sky, forming clouds. Then the water 14 onto mountains and rivers before flowing 15 to the ocean.
(
C
)1. A. life B. alive C. living D. live(
B
)2. A. hides B. covers C. affords D. spreads(
C
)3. A. fresh B. clean C. salt D. warm(
B
)4. A. food B. oxygen C. energy D. water(
C
)5. A. jumps B. flies C. rises D. climbs(
C
)6. A. runs B. swims C. returns D. falls(
C
)7. A. arm B. brain C. heart D. lung(
A
)8. A. tiny B. simple C. colourful D. dry(
B
)9. A. distance B. balance C. safety D. warmth(
B
)10. A. Writing B. Reading C. Hearing D. Watching(
D
)11. A. beyond B. besides C. except D. only(
C
)12. A. strange B. simple C. special D. invisible(
B
)13. A. on B. into C. under D. through(
C
)14. A. floats B. melts C. falls D. flies(
D
)15. A. away B. out C. down D. back答案
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.D
解析
【分析】本题为关于生态系统的完形填空，需结合上下文语境、词汇辨析（固定搭配、词义）及常识来解题。每个空需先梳理前后文逻辑，再对比选项词义，选出最贴合语境的答案。
【解析】1. 考查形容词辨析：and连接并列成分，与非生物（non-living things）对应的是生物，living things为固定表达，故选C。
2. 考查动词辨析：海洋“覆盖”地球表面，cover符合语境，故选B。
3. 考查形容词辨析：海洋中的水是咸的，salt water为固定搭配，故选C。
4. 考查名词辨析：海洋是氧气的主要来源之一，符合常识，故选B。
5. 考查动词辨析：水蒸发后“上升”到天空，rise表示上升，故选C。
6. 考查动词辨析：水循环中，水从陆地“返回”海洋，return符合逻辑，故选C。
7. 考查名词辨析：海洋在水循环中起核心作用，像地球的“心脏”，heart符合语境，故选C。
8. 考查形容词辨析：后文提到小池塘，对应“tiny（微小的）”，故选A。
9. 考查名词辨析：生态系统的功能是保持“平衡”，balance符合，故选B。
10. 考查动词辨析：“读文章”用read，故选B。
11. 考查副词辨析：生态系统“不只是”动植物，only符合，故选D。
12. 考查形容词辨析：海洋在水循环中的作用是“特别的”，special符合，故选C。
13. 考查介词辨析：水上升“进入”天空，into符合，故选B。
14. 考查动词辨析：水从天空“降落”到陆地，fall符合，故选C。
15. 考查副词辨析：水流“回”海洋，flow back为固定搭配，故选D。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.D
【知识点】完形填空词汇辨析、上下文语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】本题围绕生态系统主题，考查基础词汇运用及逻辑推理，难度适中，需结合常识和上下文解题。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 考查形容词辨析：and连接并列成分，与非生物（non-living things）对应的是生物，living things为固定表达，故选C。
2. 考查动词辨析：海洋“覆盖”地球表面，cover符合语境，故选B。
3. 考查形容词辨析：海洋中的水是咸的，salt water为固定搭配，故选C。
4. 考查名词辨析：海洋是氧气的主要来源之一，符合常识，故选B。
5. 考查动词辨析：水蒸发后“上升”到天空，rise表示上升，故选C。
6. 考查动词辨析：水循环中，水从陆地“返回”海洋，return符合逻辑，故选C。
7. 考查名词辨析：海洋在水循环中起核心作用，像地球的“心脏”，heart符合语境，故选C。
8. 考查形容词辨析：后文提到小池塘，对应“tiny（微小的）”，故选A。
9. 考查名词辨析：生态系统的功能是保持“平衡”，balance符合，故选B。
10. 考查动词辨析：“读文章”用read，故选B。
11. 考查副词辨析：生态系统“不只是”动植物，only符合，故选D。
12. 考查形容词辨析：海洋在水循环中的作用是“特别的”，special符合，故选C。
13. 考查介词辨析：水上升“进入”天空，into符合，故选B。
14. 考查动词辨析：水从天空“降落”到陆地，fall符合，故选C。
15. 考查副词辨析：水流“回”海洋，flow back为固定搭配，故选D。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.D
【知识点】完形填空词汇辨析、上下文语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】本题围绕生态系统主题，考查基础词汇运用及逻辑推理，难度适中，需结合常识和上下文解题。
【难度系数】0.6
