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五、阅读短文并回答问题。
You must think a computer is the best thing in the world, right? You must think it works at a super speed and can do everything. Well, it's not. In fact, the human brain is much more powerful than any super computer. Imagine a glass is just about to fall off the table. Your brain controls everything that you need to do to save that glass from falling. First, your eyes check out what's going on, and then tell your brain, and your brain decides how quickly you need to react, and then your muscles go into action. This is just from your brain. No computers could ever come close to that.
The brain weighs just about 3 pounds, but it controls everything you do from thinking, learning, feeling, even to breathing and your heart beating. Even though the brain is just about 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of the energy in your body. That is a lot for such a small organ(器官). There are billions of tiny cells in your brain. There are so many that it would take you many years to count them all.
Your brain stops growing when you're about 18, but it actually keeps on developing and learning new things. So your parents are really super smart. You won't be able to fool them. Believe it or not, your brain never stops working. Even during sleep, the brain works—for long - term memory establishment. It is realized that the brain is the second organ in the body after the heart that never stops during human lives. So everyone should be proud of such a gift of nature.
1. What can first check out what's going on when the glass is about to fall off the table?
2. How much does the brain weigh?
3. What does the underlined word “That” refer to in Paragraph 2?
4. When will your brain stop growing?
5. What can you learn from the last paragraph?(请自拟一句话作答)
You must think a computer is the best thing in the world, right? You must think it works at a super speed and can do everything. Well, it's not. In fact, the human brain is much more powerful than any super computer. Imagine a glass is just about to fall off the table. Your brain controls everything that you need to do to save that glass from falling. First, your eyes check out what's going on, and then tell your brain, and your brain decides how quickly you need to react, and then your muscles go into action. This is just from your brain. No computers could ever come close to that.
The brain weighs just about 3 pounds, but it controls everything you do from thinking, learning, feeling, even to breathing and your heart beating. Even though the brain is just about 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of the energy in your body. That is a lot for such a small organ(器官). There are billions of tiny cells in your brain. There are so many that it would take you many years to count them all.
Your brain stops growing when you're about 18, but it actually keeps on developing and learning new things. So your parents are really super smart. You won't be able to fool them. Believe it or not, your brain never stops working. Even during sleep, the brain works—for long - term memory establishment. It is realized that the brain is the second organ in the body after the heart that never stops during human lives. So everyone should be proud of such a gift of nature.
1. What can first check out what's going on when the glass is about to fall off the table?
Our eyes.
2. How much does the brain weigh?
About 3 pounds.
3. What does the underlined word “That” refer to in Paragraph 2?
Using around 20% of the energy in your body.
4. When will your brain stop growing?
When we're about 18.
5. What can you learn from the last paragraph?(请自拟一句话作答)
We should keep learning new things because our brain keeps developing.（言之有理即可）
答案
1. Our eyes. 2. About 3 pounds. 3. Using around 20% of the energy in your body. 4. When we're about 18. 5. We should keep learning new things because our brain keeps developing.（言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍人类大脑的说明文阅读题，解题时遵循先读题干划关键词、再回原文定位找对应信息的思路：1. 第一题题干关键词是glass is about to fall off、first check out what's going on，直接回第一段对应场景的描述里找动作发出者；2. 第二题关键词是brain weigh，回第二段找描述大脑重量的句子；3. 第三题是指代题，代词指代的内容一定出现在它的前文，往前找最近的描述大脑消耗能量的相关内容即可；4. 第四题关键词是brain stop growing，回第三段开头定位时间信息；5. 第五题开放题，梳理最后一段的核心内容，用通顺的英文写出符合文意的结论即可，不需要完全和示例一致，言之有理就得分。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段中"Imagine a glass is just about to fall off the table... First, your eyes check out what's going on, and then tell your brain"的内容，可知最先感知情况的是眼睛，得出对应答案。
2. 定位原文第二段第一句"The brain weighs just about 3 pounds"，直接提取重量信息即可。
3. 划线词That出现在第二段，往前查找前一句内容"Even though the brain is just about 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of the energy in your body"，可知That指代的是大脑消耗人体约20%能量这件事。
4. 定位原文第三段第一句"Your brain stops growing when you're about 18"，直接提取对应的时间信息即可。
5. 最后一段介绍了人类18岁后大脑仍会持续发育学习、一生几乎不停歇工作的特点，结合该核心主旨组织通顺的英文语句，符合文意即可。
【答案】
1. Our eyes.
2. About 3 pounds.
3. Using around 20% of the energy in your body.
4. When we're about 18.
5. We should keep learning new things because our brain keeps developing.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，代词指代判断，主旨归纳表达
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读题，绝大多数小题的答案都可以直接从原文定位提取，仅最后一道开放题需要学生结合段落主旨自主组织语言，既考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，也兼顾了对英文表达逻辑的考察，适合巩固阅读基础解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍人类大脑的说明文阅读题，解题时遵循先读题干划关键词、再回原文定位找对应信息的思路：1. 第一题题干关键词是glass is about to fall off、first check out what's going on，直接回第一段对应场景的描述里找动作发出者；2. 第二题关键词是brain weigh，回第二段找描述大脑重量的句子；3. 第三题是指代题，代词指代的内容一定出现在它的前文，往前找最近的描述大脑消耗能量的相关内容即可；4. 第四题关键词是brain stop growing，回第三段开头定位时间信息；5. 第五题开放题，梳理最后一段的核心内容，用通顺的英文写出符合文意的结论即可，不需要完全和示例一致，言之有理就得分。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段中"Imagine a glass is just about to fall off the table... First, your eyes check out what's going on, and then tell your brain"的内容，可知最先感知情况的是眼睛，得出对应答案。
2. 定位原文第二段第一句"The brain weighs just about 3 pounds"，直接提取重量信息即可。
3. 划线词That出现在第二段，往前查找前一句内容"Even though the brain is just about 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of the energy in your body"，可知That指代的是大脑消耗人体约20%能量这件事。
4. 定位原文第三段第一句"Your brain stops growing when you're about 18"，直接提取对应的时间信息即可。
5. 最后一段介绍了人类18岁后大脑仍会持续发育学习、一生几乎不停歇工作的特点，结合该核心主旨组织通顺的英文语句，符合文意即可。
【答案】
1. Our eyes.
2. About 3 pounds.
3. Using around 20% of the energy in your body.
4. When we're about 18.
5. We should keep learning new things because our brain keeps developing.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，代词指代判断，主旨归纳表达
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读题，绝大多数小题的答案都可以直接从原文定位提取，仅最后一道开放题需要学生结合段落主旨自主组织语言，既考察学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，也兼顾了对英文表达逻辑的考察，适合巩固阅读基础解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
