E
亮点原创· Gasoline comes from crude oil(原油). Crude oil is a 1 called petroleum. Usually, crude oil is found in the ground as a liquid. A hole is drilled(钻) to get the o 2. Then the oil is pumped out of the ground.
Crude oil is made u 3 of hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物). There are many d 4 types of hydrocarbons in crude oil, so it has to be refined(提炼) first. During the refining process, the crude oil is heated. The hydrocarbons turn i 5 a vapour(a gas) at different temperatures. So during refining, the different hydrocarbons are s 6 from each other, i 7 butane(丁烷), propane, gasoline, diesel, kerosene and asphalt(沥青).
Once gasoline is refined, chemicals are added. These chemicals help make a vehicle r 8 better by doing things such as cleaning the engine. Sometimes gasoline is further refined so some chemicals do not need to be added.
When the gasoline is ready, it is u 9 transported to a terminal. Pipelines are most often used to do this. The terminal is a big storage place. Tanker trucks fill up at these terminals. They carry the gasoline to gas stations, w 10 the gasoline is stored in large tanks underground. The pumps at a gas station pump out the gasoline from the tanks into the vehicles.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. also 2. oil 3. up 4. different 5. into
6. separated 7. including 8. run 9. usually
10. where

【分析】
本题是一篇介绍汽油从原油提取、加工、运输过程的说明文，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配及语法知识完成填空。解题思路：先通读全文把握大意，再逐个分析每个空格的前后逻辑，结合首字母提示判断所需单词的词性、词义，最终确定答案。
【解析】
1. 句意：原油也被称为石油。固定表达“be also called”表示“也被称为”，故填also。
2. 句意：钻一个洞来获取石油。前文围绕原油展开，此处指获取原油，结合首字母o，填oil。
3. 固定搭配“be made up of”意为“由……组成”，符合“原油由碳氢化合物组成”的句意，结合首字母u，填up。
4. 句意：原油中有很多不同种类的碳氢化合物，因此需要提炼。“different types of”表示“不同种类的”，结合首字母d，填different。
5. 固定搭配“turn into”意为“变成”，此处指碳氢化合物在不同温度下变成蒸汽，结合首字母i，填into。
6. 句意：提炼时不同的碳氢化合物被彼此分离。被动语态“be separated from”表示“被分离”，结合首字母s，填separated。
7. 句意：包括丁烷、丙烷、汽油等。“including”意为“包括”，用于举例，结合首字母i，填including。
8. 固定搭配“make...run better”表示“使……运行更好”，此处指汽油中的化学物质帮助车辆运行，结合首字母r，填run。
9. 句意：汽油准备好后通常被运输到终端。“usually”意为“通常”，符合运输的常规流程，结合首字母u，填usually。
10. 此处为定语从句，先行词是gas stations（加油站），在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，结合首字母w，填where。
【答案】
1. also 2. oil 3. up 4. different 5. into 6. separated 7. including 8. run 9. usually 10. where
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、定语从句
【点评】
本题围绕汽油的生产运输流程展开，重点考查基础词汇、常用固定搭配及定语从句的用法，需结合语境逻辑分析，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5

F
One day in July I was completely well again. I put some food and water in a bag and went exploring. I walked along the coast u 1 I got to a small river. Then I followed it across the island. The land on b 2 sides of the river was very pleasant. It was flat and green and many different plants were growing there. I looked for things to eat, but I didn't find anything. The next day I decided to go f 3! I was curious to see more of the green valley. I w 4 for many hours and finally I arrived in a place with many trees. I could see oranges and lemons on them. I also saw grapes and melons too.
“The north side of the island is better than the s 5,” I thought. “There are lots of things to eat. The weather is better here too. I choose the bad side for my house.”
I didn't go home that night. I slept in a tree and c 6 exploring the next morning. Before I left that place, I filled my pockets with fruit.
“I must come back with bags and get some more,” I thought. “But I must h 7 because the wet season starts in August.”
I made several more trips during the following weeks and took back as much f 8 as I could. While I was there, I built a small tent to s 9 in. Now I had a country house and a seaside house!
It rained more or less every day between the middle of August and the middle of October and I had to stay inside. But when the weather c 10, I often went to my country house.
—Taken from Robinson Crusoe
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6.
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8.
9.
10.

1. until 2. both 3. farther 4. walked
5. south 6. continued 7. hurry 8. fruit
9. sleep 10. changed

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文理解文章大意（本文节选自《鲁滨逊漂流记》，讲述鲁滨逊在岛上探索的经历），再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、时态等语法知识逐一确定每个空的单词：
1. 第1空需体现“走到……直到……”的时间逻辑；
2. 第2空后是复数名词sides，需选表“两者都”的词；
3. 第3空需体现“走得更远”的含义；
4. 第4空需用过去式动词，对应“行走”的动作；
5. 第5空需与前文“north（北边）”对应，指“南边”；
6. 第6空需体现“继续做某事”的含义；
7. 第7空需结合“雨季要开始”的语境，选“快点”的词；
8. 第8空需对应前文寻找食物、采摘水果的内容，选“食物”；
9. 第9空需对应“帐篷”的用途，选“睡觉”；
10. 第10空需对应“天气变化”的语境，用过去式动词。
【解析】
1. 句意：我沿着海岸走直到我到达一条小河，until引导时间状语从句，符合语境，故填until；
2. 句意：河的两岸非常宜人，both sides of...是固定搭配，表“两者都”，故填both；
3. 句意：第二天我决定走得更远，farther表示“更远”，符合语境，故填farther；
4. 句意：我走了很多小时，最后到达有很多树的地方，walk是“行走”，全文为过去时态，故填walked；
5. 句意：岛的北边比南边好，与前文“north”对应，故填south；
6. 句意：我睡在树上，第二天早上继续探索，continue doing sth表示“继续做某事”，全文过去时态，故填continued；
7. 句意：我必须快点，因为八月雨季要开始，hurry表示“匆忙、快点”，符合语境，故填hurry；
8. 句意：我带回去尽可能多的食物，对应前文寻找食物、采摘水果的内容，故填fruit；
9. 句意：我建了小帐篷来睡觉，不定式to sleep表目的，故填sleep；
10. 句意：当天气变了，我经常去我的乡村房子，change表示“变化”，全文过去时态，故填changed。
【答案】
1. until 2. both 3. farther 4. walked 5. south 6. continued 7. hurry 8. fruit 9. sleep 10. changed
【知识点】
英语完形填空、词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】
本题基于经典文学作品《鲁滨逊漂流记》的节选内容，考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力、基础词汇的运用以及时态、固定搭配等语法知识，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固完形填空解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.5