G(2025·天津市第二十八中学期中)
新素养 价值导向 In a town in France, there was a farmer who lived alone. Every day he s1 a pound of butter to his neighbour, who was a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see i2 he was getting a pound. After he weighed it, he found that he wasn't. The baker then took the farmer to the judge(法官).
The judge wanted to know the farmer's way to weigh the butter. The farmer replied, "I am so p3 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it. H₄, I do have a kind of scale(天平)." The judge asked, "Then h₅ do you weigh the butter?" The farmer replied, "Before the baker started buying butter from me, I had bought bread from him. So every time when I b₆ home the bread from the baker, I put it on the scale and give him the butter of the same w₇."
We always get back what we give to others. Whenever you take action, ask yourself this question, "Am I honest?"
Honesty or dishonesty can become a habit. Some dishonest people can lie w₈ red faces. Others lie so m₉ that they do not even know what the truth is any more. But who is it bad for? In fact, those who lie will hurt t₁₀ by their own dishonest behaviour.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. sold 2. if 3. poor 4. However 5. how
6. bring 7. weight 8. without 9. much
10. themselves

【分析】
本题为英语完形填空题，需结合上下文语境、句子结构及词汇知识逐一填空。先通读全文理解主旨：故事围绕法国小镇农民与面包师的诚信小事展开，最终点明诚实的重要性。再逐个分析空格线索：1. 需填表“卖”的过去式动词；2. 需填表“是否”的连词；3. 需填表“贫穷”的形容词；4. 需填表转折的副词；5. 需填表“方式”的疑问词；6. 需填表“带回”的动词；7. 需填表“重量”的名词；8. 需填表“没有”的介词；9. 需填表“多”的副词；10. 需填反身代词。
【解析】
1. 故事为过去时态，结合“卖给邻居黄油”的语境，sell的过去式为sold，故填sold。
2. see后接宾语从句表“是否”，用连词if，故填if。
3. 由“没有足够的钱买称”可知，填形容词poor（贫穷的），故填poor。
4. 前文说无称，后文说有天平，为转折关系，句首大写副词However，故填However。
5. 答语回答称黄油的方式，提问方式用疑问词how，故填how。
6. 固定搭配bring home意为“带回家”，主语为I，用一般现在时，故填bring。
7. 天平称量的是相同重量，填名词weight（重量），故填weight。
8. 语境为“撒谎不脸红”，填介词without（没有），故填without。
9. so much修饰动词lie表程度，意为“如此多”，故填much。
10. 主语为those（那些人），反身代词themselves意为“他们自己”，符合语境，故填themselves。
【答案】
1. sold 2. if 3. poor 4. However 5. how 6. bring 7. weight 8. without 9. much 10. themselves
【知识点】
词汇运用、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】
本题以诚信主题的小故事为载体，考查基础词汇在语境中的运用，既传递了“付出与回报”的价值导向，又检验了学生的英语综合运用能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

H(2025·南京市金陵中学河西分校期末)
Paying for a bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of the plastic bus card.
B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses.
Surabaya, Indonesia's second largest city, located on the e 2 end of the country's main island Java, made this decision in April 2018. Now l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles.
Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, producing u 4 to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya's transportation department said, "With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness about the environment, e 5 people's awareness about plastic waste."
The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned from it goes towards running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a natural t 8.
The decision is part of the city's p 9—to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off.
This type of programme can be a model for other cities worldwide and encourage citizens to recycle their plastic waste.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. But 2. eastern 3. locals 4. up
5. especially 6. sold 7. providing 8. treasure
9. purpose 10. disabled

【分析】
本题为英语完形填空，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配、词性及语法知识，逐一分析每个空格的逻辑和词汇要求，从而填写正确单词。文章围绕印尼泗水市用可回收塑料垃圾替代公交费的环保举措展开，需根据前后文的转折关系、方位描述、名词指代、固定短语、副词强调、被动语态、并列结构、名词含义、目的表达及乘客类型等线索解题。
【解析】
1. 考查连词：前文提到用塑料付公交费会想到塑料卡，后文转折说明印尼城市用塑料垃圾代替钱，表转折关系，故填But。
2. 考查形容词：修饰名词end，描述泗水市在爪哇岛的方位，“东端”需用形容词eastern。
3. 考查名词：根据语境，此处指“当地人”可通过塑料杯/瓶付公交费，故填locals。
4. 考查固定搭配：up to为固定短语，意为“多达”，符合“每年向海洋排放多达240万吨塑料垃圾”的语境，故填up。
5. 考查副词：前文说提高环保意识，后文强调“尤其”提高对塑料垃圾的意识，表递进强调，故填especially。
6. 考查动词被动语态：瓶子“被卖给”回收公司，被动结构为be+过去分词，故填sold。
7. 考查动名词：and连接并列成分，前面是running（动名词），此处需用动名词providing，构成“running...and providing...”结构，故填providing。
8. 考查名词：“变废为宝”，natural treasure意为“自然宝藏”，符合语境，故填treasure。
9. 考查名词：这个决定是城市的“目的”，故填purpose。
10. 考查形容词：修饰passengers，与elderly并列，指“残疾乘客”，故填disabled。
【答案】
1. But 2. eastern 3. locals 4. up 5. especially 6. sold 7. providing 8. treasure 9. purpose 10. disabled
【知识点】
英语完形填空、固定搭配、词性辨析
【点评】
本题结合环保主题，既考查基础词汇和固定短语的运用，又需结合上下文逻辑推理，贴近生活实际，难度适中，能引导学生关注环保与词汇运用的结合。
【难度系数】
0.5