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六、选用方框中所给的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空。
be well - known for history beautiful from home and abroad culture
My hometown is a quiet city in the south，with many 1.
Last spring，I walked along the old stone streets and deeply felt the 3.
Every year，visitors 4.
What I love most is the evening here. The setting sun paints the sky golden，and the whole town becomes calm and warm. This city not only keeps our 5.
be well - known for history beautiful from home and abroad culture
My hometown is a quiet city in the south，with many 1.
historic
buildings that date back to the Ming Dynasty. It 2. has been well-known for
its unique architectural style and gentle lifestyle since ancient times.Last spring，I walked along the old stone streets and deeply felt the 3.
beauty
of the town—willow trees sway by the river，and red lanterns hang under the eaves. These lovely scenes have long attracted travelers looking for peace.Every year，visitors 4.
from home and abroad
come to explore the ancient temples and traditional gardens. They listen to the stories of the city's past and take photos of the well - preserved courtyards.What I love most is the evening here. The setting sun paints the sky golden，and the whole town becomes calm and warm. This city not only keeps our 5.
cultural
heritage alive but also lets people experience the joy of slow life. I am proud of it and believe its charm will never fade.答案
六、1. historic 2. has been well-known for 3. beauty 4. from home and abroad 5. cultural
解析
【分析】
拿到这类选词填空题目，首先先通读整篇短文，明确文章主旨是介绍作者位于南方的家乡小城的特色，同时先梳理方框内给出的5个待使用/变形的词和短语的含义：be well-known for意为“以……闻名”，history意为“历史”，beautiful意为“美丽的”，from home and abroad意为“来自国内外”，culture意为“文化”。接下来逐个分析空格的语法属性和语义需求：
1. 第一空后是名词buildings，需要填形容词作定语，结合后文“追溯到明朝”的提示，要表达“有历史意义的”含义，对应history的变形；
2. 第二空在主语it之后作谓语，后文有时间标志since ancient times，需要用现在完成时，结合语义“从古至今以独特建筑风格闻名”，对应短语be well-known for的变形；
3. 第三空在定冠词the之后，需要填名词作felt的宾语，后文描述小城的柳树、红灯笼等景致，要表达“美景”的含义，对应形容词beautiful的名词变形；
4. 第四空在名词visitors之后，可填短语作后置定语修饰游客，语义是“来自国内外的游客”，刚好匹配给出的短语from home and abroad；
5. 第五空后是名词heritage，需要填形容词作定语，构成常用搭配“文化遗产”，对应名词culture的形容词变形。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰名词buildings，结合后文“追溯至明朝”的提示，要表达“有历史意义的建筑”的含义，将名词history变为形容词historic，符合语境。
2. 此处作句子谓语，时间状语since ancient times是现在完成时的典型标志，主语it是第三人称单数，be well-known for的现在完成时形式为has been well-known for，语义为“从古至今以独特的建筑风格和闲适的生活方式闻名”，符合语境。
3. 定冠词the后需接名词作动词felt的宾语，后文描述小城的自然与人文景致，要表达“小城的美景”的含义，将形容词beautiful变为名词beauty，符合语境。
4. 此处修饰名词visitors，表达“来自国内外的游客”的含义，直接使用给出的短语from home and abroad作后置定语，符合语境。
5. 此处修饰名词heritage，构成固定搭配cultural heritage（文化遗产），将名词culture变为形容词cultural，符合语境。
【答案】
1. historic 2. has been well-known for 3. beauty 4. from home and abroad 5. cultural
【知识点】
词形转换；现在完成时；固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合人文介绍类的语篇，既考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力，又重点覆盖了名词、形容词之间的词形变换、时态判断、常用短语的应用等核心考点，做题时先通读全文把握主旨，再结合空格前后的语法特征判断所需词性，借助时间状语等提示判断时态，就可以准确推导出答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这类选词填空题目，首先先通读整篇短文，明确文章主旨是介绍作者位于南方的家乡小城的特色，同时先梳理方框内给出的5个待使用/变形的词和短语的含义：be well-known for意为“以……闻名”，history意为“历史”，beautiful意为“美丽的”，from home and abroad意为“来自国内外”，culture意为“文化”。接下来逐个分析空格的语法属性和语义需求：
1. 第一空后是名词buildings，需要填形容词作定语，结合后文“追溯到明朝”的提示，要表达“有历史意义的”含义，对应history的变形；
2. 第二空在主语it之后作谓语，后文有时间标志since ancient times，需要用现在完成时，结合语义“从古至今以独特建筑风格闻名”，对应短语be well-known for的变形；
3. 第三空在定冠词the之后，需要填名词作felt的宾语，后文描述小城的柳树、红灯笼等景致，要表达“美景”的含义，对应形容词beautiful的名词变形；
4. 第四空在名词visitors之后，可填短语作后置定语修饰游客，语义是“来自国内外的游客”，刚好匹配给出的短语from home and abroad；
5. 第五空后是名词heritage，需要填形容词作定语，构成常用搭配“文化遗产”，对应名词culture的形容词变形。
【解析】
1. 此处修饰名词buildings，结合后文“追溯至明朝”的提示，要表达“有历史意义的建筑”的含义，将名词history变为形容词historic，符合语境。
2. 此处作句子谓语，时间状语since ancient times是现在完成时的典型标志，主语it是第三人称单数，be well-known for的现在完成时形式为has been well-known for，语义为“从古至今以独特的建筑风格和闲适的生活方式闻名”，符合语境。
3. 定冠词the后需接名词作动词felt的宾语，后文描述小城的自然与人文景致，要表达“小城的美景”的含义，将形容词beautiful变为名词beauty，符合语境。
4. 此处修饰名词visitors，表达“来自国内外的游客”的含义，直接使用给出的短语from home and abroad作后置定语，符合语境。
5. 此处修饰名词heritage，构成固定搭配cultural heritage（文化遗产），将名词culture变为形容词cultural，符合语境。
【答案】
1. historic 2. has been well-known for 3. beauty 4. from home and abroad 5. cultural
【知识点】
词形转换；现在完成时；固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合人文介绍类的语篇，既考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力，又重点覆盖了名词、形容词之间的词形变换、时态判断、常用短语的应用等核心考点，做题时先通读全文把握主旨，再结合空格前后的语法特征判断所需词性，借助时间状语等提示判断时态，就可以准确推导出答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
七、[传统文化]阅读理解。
中国古典园林
Classical Chinese gardens are purposely designed so that no matter where you stand，you can never see the whole thing at once. The mystery and the discovery have helped the classical gardens of China，especially those in Suzhou，remain popular attractions after all these years.
Put simply，the aim of a classical Chinese garden is to deepen one's admiration of nature. Besides just relaxing in nature，the classical Chinese gardens have another purpose—to inspire artistic expression like poetry and painting. Nearly all Chinese gardens feature the things in the list below.
Water Water is a necessary thing that no Chinese garden can go without. The water in a garden typically symbolizes a lake or even the ocean. Water can even symbolize communication，movement and dreams.
Rocks Large rocks typically symbolize mountains. Many of the rocks in the Suzhou gardens come from Lake Tai，having been shaped by the flow of water over thousands of years. Smaller rocks are often on show in the fancy halls at a garden's entrance. This shows the appreciation the garden owners had for these rocks.
Plants You can't have a garden without plants. Different plants and flowers are used for either a symbolic or an aesthetic（美学的）purpose—or both. Bamboo，for example，represents strength. Flowers，meanwhile，add colour to a garden，with each carrying a symbolic meaning of its own.
Gates & Windows Gates of different shapes divide different parts of a garden. The most common type of gate，the moon gate，is simply a circle. Windows are placed throughout the garden to allow the passage（穿过）of light. You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window.
Pavilions（亭）In Chinese gardens，pavilions are usually placed in some of the best viewing places. Sometimes a pavilion is placed where one can see the reflection（倒影）of the moon at night，or in the best place to listen to the sound of rain on the leaves above. In the past，pavilions were also used as places for garden owners to reflect，paint and write poems.
1. What does the underlined word “those” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Plants.
B. Paintings.
C. Classical gardens.
D. The mystery and the discovery.
2. What's the purpose of this text?
A. To list some plants and flowers.
B. To introduce classical Chinese gardens.
C. To explain the history of classical gardens.
D. To compare different classical gardens in China.
3. Which of the following best explains “glimpse” in Paragraph 6?
A. Look.
B. Visit.
C. Guess.
D. Feeling.
4. Which is the best title for the text?
A. Nature speaks for itself
B. Chinese gardens and Western gardens
C. Getting lost in classical Chinese gardens
D. Finding ways to modern arts and buildings
中国古典园林
Classical Chinese gardens are purposely designed so that no matter where you stand，you can never see the whole thing at once. The mystery and the discovery have helped the classical gardens of China，especially those in Suzhou，remain popular attractions after all these years.
Put simply，the aim of a classical Chinese garden is to deepen one's admiration of nature. Besides just relaxing in nature，the classical Chinese gardens have another purpose—to inspire artistic expression like poetry and painting. Nearly all Chinese gardens feature the things in the list below.
Water Water is a necessary thing that no Chinese garden can go without. The water in a garden typically symbolizes a lake or even the ocean. Water can even symbolize communication，movement and dreams.
Rocks Large rocks typically symbolize mountains. Many of the rocks in the Suzhou gardens come from Lake Tai，having been shaped by the flow of water over thousands of years. Smaller rocks are often on show in the fancy halls at a garden's entrance. This shows the appreciation the garden owners had for these rocks.
Plants You can't have a garden without plants. Different plants and flowers are used for either a symbolic or an aesthetic（美学的）purpose—or both. Bamboo，for example，represents strength. Flowers，meanwhile，add colour to a garden，with each carrying a symbolic meaning of its own.
Gates & Windows Gates of different shapes divide different parts of a garden. The most common type of gate，the moon gate，is simply a circle. Windows are placed throughout the garden to allow the passage（穿过）of light. You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window.
Pavilions（亭）In Chinese gardens，pavilions are usually placed in some of the best viewing places. Sometimes a pavilion is placed where one can see the reflection（倒影）of the moon at night，or in the best place to listen to the sound of rain on the leaves above. In the past，pavilions were also used as places for garden owners to reflect，paint and write poems.
1. What does the underlined word “those” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Plants.
B. Paintings.
C. Classical gardens.
D. The mystery and the discovery.
2. What's the purpose of this text?
A. To list some plants and flowers.
B. To introduce classical Chinese gardens.
C. To explain the history of classical gardens.
D. To compare different classical gardens in China.
3. Which of the following best explains “glimpse” in Paragraph 6?
A. Look.
B. Visit.
C. Guess.
D. Feeling.
4. Which is the best title for the text?
A. Nature speaks for itself
B. Chinese gardens and Western gardens
C. Getting lost in classical Chinese gardens
D. Finding ways to modern arts and buildings
答案
七、1. C 代词指代题。根据“Classical Chinese gardens are... especially those in Suzhou, remain popular attractions after all these years.”可知，画线部分 those 指代上文中提到的 classical gardens。
2. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是介绍中国古典园林的特点和构成元素。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据“You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window.”可知，人们可以从窗口瞥见另一边有趣的树木或岩石。画线部分 glimpse 意为“瞥见”，与 look 意思相近。
4. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国古典园林的特点和构成元素，以及人们在其中的体验，故“迷失在中国古典园林中”适合作为文章标题。
2. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是介绍中国古典园林的特点和构成元素。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据“You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window.”可知，人们可以从窗口瞥见另一边有趣的树木或岩石。画线部分 glimpse 意为“瞥见”，与 look 意思相近。
4. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国古典园林的特点和构成元素，以及人们在其中的体验，故“迷失在中国古典园林中”适合作为文章标题。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国古典园林的说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应技巧逐一突破：第1题代词指代题，直接定位划线词所在句，往前找前文出现的对应复数核心名词即可判断指代内容；第2题主旨目的题，通读全文梳理文章说明对象，排除仅覆盖局部内容、无中生有的干扰选项即可；第3题词义猜测题，结合划线词所在句的场景逻辑，匹配含义最贴近的选项；第4题标题选择题，抓住全文核心说明对象，排除完全偏离主题的选项，选出最贴合全文内容的标题。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段划线词所在句："The mystery and the discovery have helped the classical gardens of China, especially those in Suzhou, remain popular attractions after all these years." 句子表达的含义是中国古典园林的神秘感让它们成为热门景点，尤其是苏州的那些园林，划线词those指代前文提到的复数核心事物classical gardens，因此选C。
2. 通读全文可知，文章先后介绍了中国古典园林的设计特点、造园目的，还逐一讲解了水、石、植物、门窗、亭这些园林核心构成元素，全文围绕介绍中国古典园林展开：A选项仅提及植物，属于局部内容过于片面；C选项文章没有介绍园林的发展历史；D选项文章没有对比不同的中国古典园林，因此只有B选项符合文本写作目的。
3. 定位第六段划线词所在句："You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window." 句子场景是站在窗边，能够看到另一侧的树木和奇石，短语catch a glimpse of含义为瞥见，和look（看）的含义最贴近，visit（参观）、guess（猜测）、feeling（感受）均不符合语境，因此选A。
4. 逐一排查选项：A选项完全没有涉及园林相关内容，偏离主题；B选项文章从未提及西方园林，无中生有；D选项文章没有介绍现代艺术和建筑，偏离主题；C选项"迷失在中国古典园林中"既对应了第一段提到的站在园林任意位置都无法一眼看完整个园林的设计特点，也契合游园时探索景观的体验，最适合作为全文标题，因此选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
代词指代判断，主旨大意归纳，词义猜测
【点评】
本题选取和中国传统文化相关的语料，在考察英语阅读理解常规题型解题能力的同时，也能帮助学生了解中国古典园林的相关文化常识，题目设置梯度合理，多数题目可通过原文定位快速得出答案，仅标题类题目需要结合全文内容排除干扰项，整体区分度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍中国古典园林的说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应技巧逐一突破：第1题代词指代题，直接定位划线词所在句，往前找前文出现的对应复数核心名词即可判断指代内容；第2题主旨目的题，通读全文梳理文章说明对象，排除仅覆盖局部内容、无中生有的干扰选项即可；第3题词义猜测题，结合划线词所在句的场景逻辑，匹配含义最贴近的选项；第4题标题选择题，抓住全文核心说明对象，排除完全偏离主题的选项，选出最贴合全文内容的标题。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段划线词所在句："The mystery and the discovery have helped the classical gardens of China, especially those in Suzhou, remain popular attractions after all these years." 句子表达的含义是中国古典园林的神秘感让它们成为热门景点，尤其是苏州的那些园林，划线词those指代前文提到的复数核心事物classical gardens，因此选C。
2. 通读全文可知，文章先后介绍了中国古典园林的设计特点、造园目的，还逐一讲解了水、石、植物、门窗、亭这些园林核心构成元素，全文围绕介绍中国古典园林展开：A选项仅提及植物，属于局部内容过于片面；C选项文章没有介绍园林的发展历史；D选项文章没有对比不同的中国古典园林，因此只有B选项符合文本写作目的。
3. 定位第六段划线词所在句："You can also catch a glimpse of interesting trees or rocks on the other side from the window." 句子场景是站在窗边，能够看到另一侧的树木和奇石，短语catch a glimpse of含义为瞥见，和look（看）的含义最贴近，visit（参观）、guess（猜测）、feeling（感受）均不符合语境，因此选A。
4. 逐一排查选项：A选项完全没有涉及园林相关内容，偏离主题；B选项文章从未提及西方园林，无中生有；D选项文章没有介绍现代艺术和建筑，偏离主题；C选项"迷失在中国古典园林中"既对应了第一段提到的站在园林任意位置都无法一眼看完整个园林的设计特点，也契合游园时探索景观的体验，最适合作为全文标题，因此选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
【知识点】
代词指代判断，主旨大意归纳，词义猜测
【点评】
本题选取和中国传统文化相关的语料，在考察英语阅读理解常规题型解题能力的同时，也能帮助学生了解中国古典园林的相关文化常识，题目设置梯度合理，多数题目可通过原文定位快速得出答案，仅标题类题目需要结合全文内容排除干扰项，整体区分度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
