训练1 | 体裁：议论文 | 主题：人与动物 | 难度：★★★★ | 建议用时：8 min | 正确率：/10
(原创)Your friend introduces you to her mother. You catch her around the neck, rub her head a few times, and use your best baby voice to say happy to meet you. They both look at you like you are crazy. Yet this is exactly how some people 1 when they meet a dog or a cat.
Training people to have good manners(礼貌) around our pets isn't 2. It seems that everyone knows it is not right to approach(靠近) a pet you don't know, 3 people do it all the time.
You can be out walking your dog. A stranger may approach your dog without your 4. If you tell these people not to pick up your pet, they might say those six 5 words:"Oh, it's OK. Animals like me."
In fact, pets have body language too. If they like the sound of your voice and you smell OK, then they might approach you and start 6 you. A friendly dog might shove(挤) his head into your hand and a cat might come out from hiding and sit on your lap, so you can 7 them.
As pet owners, we have to train our pets to be 8 to people, while we also have to encourage people to have good manners around our pets. If you see people approaching your dog, ask them to stop a few feet away to give the dog some 9. Some may continue to approach your dog. Then you should step in front of your dog, hold the leash(拴狗带) 10 you, and explain to the person that your dog is not comfortable with strangers.
1. A. feel B. act C. share D. decide
2. A. possible B. interesting C. special D. easy
3. A. so B. but C. and D. because
4. A. answer B. advice C. attention D. agreement
5. A. uncomfortable B. meaningless C. necessary D. serious
6. A. calling B. shaking C. touching D. watching
7. A. pet B. book C. care D. train
8. A. open B. close C. polite D. important
9. A. service B. space C. time D. trust
10. A. behind B. between C. next to D. in front of

训练1 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们应该礼貌对待宠物。
1. B 根据上文“You catch her around the neck, rub her head a few times, and use your best baby voice to say happy to meet you.”可知，一些人遇到猫和狗时会有这样的举动。故选B。
2. D 根据下文“It seems that everyone knows it is not right to approach a pet you don't know, 3 people do it all the time.”可知，让他人礼貌对待宠物并不容易。故选D。
3. B 上文“It seems that everyone knows it is not right to approach a pet you don't know”和下文“people do it all the time”是转折关系。故选B。
4. D 根据下文“If you tell these people not to pick up your pet”可知，是指陌生人未经允许接近你的狗。故选D。
5. A 根据空后“Oh, it's OK. Animals like me.”可知，陌生人未经允许接近你的狗，说的话也令人不适。故选A。
6. C 根据下文“A friendly dog might shove his head into your hand and a cat might come out from hiding and sit on your lap”可知，如果宠物愿意接近你，它们就会触碰你。故选C。
7. A 根据上文“A friendly dog might shove his head into your hand and a cat might come out from hiding and sit on your lap”可知，当宠物愿意接近你、触碰你时，你也可以抚摸它们，此处“pet”作动词，表示“抚摸”，熟词生义。故选A。
难点分析
B、C、D项既可作名词，也可作动词，作动词时分别意为“预订”“关心”“训练”，均不符合语境，故排除。
8. C 根据空后“while we also have to encourage people to have good manners around our pets”可知，宠物应该礼貌待人，人们也要礼貌地对待宠物。故选C。
9. B 根据空前“ask them to stop a few feet away”可知，让接近狗的人停下，给狗留一些空间。故选B。
10. A 根据上文“Then you should step in front of your dog”可知，你站在狗的前面，即狗在你的身后。故选A。

【分析】先通读全文，明确文章主题为呼吁人们礼貌对待宠物，再逐空结合上下文语境、逻辑关系及词汇含义分析：1. 上文描述遇到朋友妈妈的举动，对应遇到猫狗时的行为，选act；2. 后文提到大家知道不对却仍常做，推断训练人礼貌对待宠物并不容易，选easy；3. 前后句为转折关系，用but；4. 陌生人接近宠物是未经主人同意，选agreement；5. 陌生人的话令人不舒服，选uncomfortable；6. 宠物愿意接近时会触碰人，选touching；7. pet作动词表“抚摸”，符合宠物主动靠近后被抚摸的语境；8. 与后文“人们要礼貌对待宠物”对应，宠物需礼貌待人，选polite；9. 让陌生人停下是给宠物留出空间，选space；10. 站在狗前面，狗在身后，选behind。
【解析】1. B：根据上文描述的遇到朋友妈妈时的举动，可知此处指人们遇到猫狗时的行为，act符合语境。2. D：根据后文“大家都知道不对但仍常做”，可知训练人礼貌对待宠物并不容易，easy符合。3. B：前后句“知道不对”和“仍常做”为转折关系，用but。4. D：根据后文“告诉这些人不要碰宠物”，可知是陌生人未经主人同意接近宠物，agreement符合。5. A：根据后文陌生人说的话，可知这些话令人不舒服，uncomfortable符合。6. C：根据后文宠物主动靠近的表现，可知它们会触碰人，touching符合。7. A：此处pet作动词，意为“抚摸”，符合宠物主动靠近后被抚摸的语境。8. C：与后文“人们要礼貌对待宠物”对应，宠物也需要礼貌待人，polite符合。9. B：让陌生人停下是为了给宠物留出空间，space符合。10. A：站在狗前面，因此狗在身后，behind符合。
【答案】B D B D A C A C B A
【知识点】完形填空、词汇辨析、语篇逻辑推理
【点评】本文是人与动物主题的议论文，通过生活场景传递礼貌对待宠物的理念，完形填空侧重考查学生对语境的理解、词汇运用及逻辑关系的把握，需结合上下文线索分析选项，是提升语篇理解能力的典型题型。
【难度系数】0.4

训练2 体裁：议论文 主题：朋友 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率：/10
(原创)Do you remember the first friend you made? The first person I remember 1 my friend was someone I met in preschool. I was about four. We had the same interest but 2
personalities—he was the big-picture idea guy, and I was the detail-oriented(注重细节的) doer.
As I've continued through life, my friendships have changed. I've made new friends along the way, deepened my relationship with some old friends, and fallen out of 3 with others. When you look at it this way, it seems like friendship is something that just 4. You can't control(控制) it, it would seem, and maybe it's better not to. After all, you can't force(强迫) friendship.
Yet, what I've come to learn about in the past years is that while you can't force or make friendship, you can 5 and then cultivate(培养) it. It isn't completely out of your control.
One of the best things about middle school is that it gives you a fresh 6, this is especially the case with friends. You're in a new place with thousands of people you've 7 met before. All of them are possible friends. You just have to find them.
Let's get friendly!
I think that being intentional(有意的) about your relationships is one of the keys to a happy life. 8 your family, you can control who your friends are. It makes sense, then, to be careful in choosing friends. Actively finding friends means you're more likely to have people around you who encourage you, make you laugh, and help you during 9 times.
Each friend stands for a world in us, a world possibly not born 10 they arrive, and it is only by this meeting that a new world is born.
1. A. called B. made C. picked D. shared
2. A. possible B. similar C. different D. common
3. A. reach B. touch C. order D. use
4. A. happens B. expects C. breaks D. remembers
5. A. make up B. look for C. find out D. talk about
6. A. start B. wish C. face D. role
7. A. always B. already C. never D. even
8. A. As B. For C. Without D. Unlike
9. A. old B. busy C. hard D. successful
10. A. though B. if C. because D. until

训练2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发谈论了如何结交朋友。
1. A 根据上文“Do you remember the first friend you made?”可知，作者谈论自己结交的第一个朋友，即记得的第一个“被称呼为”朋友的人是作者在幼儿园认识的人。故选A。
2. C 根据空后“he was the big-picture idea guy, and I was the detail-oriented doer”可知，作者和朋友拥有两种不同的性格。故选C。
3. B 根据空前“I've made new friends along the way, deepened my relationship with some old friends”可知，作者一路上结交了新朋友，加深了和一些老朋友之间的关系，和另一些人失去了联系；fall out of touch with表示“和……失去联系”。故选B。
4. A 根据下文“You can't control it, it would seem, and maybe it's better not to. After all, you can't force friendship.”可知，友谊没法控制，也不能强求，它是自然而然发生的。故选A。
5. B make up 构成，编造；look for 寻找；find out 查明；talk about 谈论。根据空前“while you can't force or make friendship”和空后“and then cultivate it”可知，尽管不能强求或制造友谊，但可以寻找和培养它。故选B。
6. A 根据下文“You're in a new place with thousands of people you've 7 met before.”可知，中学给了你全新的开始。故选A。
7. C 根据空前“You're in a new place”和下文“All of them are possible friends.”可知，当你到了新的环境，有许多你没有见过的人。故选C。
8. D 根据空后“you can control who your friends are”可知，你不能控制家人是谁，但能控制朋友是谁。故选D。
9. C 根据空前“encourage you, make you laugh, and help you”可知，朋友会在艰难的时期鼓励你、逗你笑，并支持你。故选C。
10. D 根据空后“it is only by this meeting that a new world is born”可知，每个朋友都代表我们内心的一个世界，一个直到他们来才会诞生的世界；not ... until 表示“直到……才”。故选D。

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确主题为“朋友”，理解文章围绕友谊的变化、特点及结交友谊的方式展开。解题时需结合每个空的上下文语境，分析前后句的逻辑关系，同时辨析选项词义及固定搭配，逐一确定答案。
【解析】
1. 选A。根据上文“Do you remember the first friend you made?”，此处指“被称为朋友的第一个人”，called符合语境。
2. 选C。由空后“he was the big-picture idea guy, and I was the detail-oriented doer”可知，两人性格不同，different正确。
3. 选B。fall out of touch with是固定搭配，意为“和……失去联系”，对应前文“made new friends, deepened old relationships”，此处指和其他人失去联系。
4. 选A。根据下文“You can't control it... you can't force friendship”可知，友谊是自然发生的，happen符合。
5. 选B。结合语境“不能强求友谊，但可以寻找并培养它”，look for（寻找）符合逻辑；make up（编造）、find out（查明）、talk about（谈论）均不符合。
6. 选A。由下文“new place”可知，中学给人全新的开始，start正确。
7. 选C。身处新环境，遇到的是从未见过的人，never符合语境。
8. 选D。家人无法选择，而朋友可以自主选择，unlike（不像）体现两者的区别。
9. 选C。朋友会在艰难时期给予帮助，hard times（艰难时期）符合逻辑。
10. 选D。not...until是固定结构，意为“直到……才”，此处指内心的世界直到朋友到来才诞生。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D
【知识点】
完形填空词义辨析、固定搭配、上下文语境理解
【点评】
本文是一篇关于友谊的议论文，通过作者的经历阐述友谊的特点及结交友谊的方法，解题需结合语境、固定短语及词义辨析，考查学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.4