2025年勤学早九年级数学上册人教版第123页答案
8.(教材P_1₀_1T_4变式)(2024甘孜州中考)如图,AB为⊙O的弦,C为$\overparen{AB}$的中点,过点C作CD//AB,交OB的延长线于点D,连接OA,OC.
(1)求证:CD是⊙O的切线;
(2)若OA= 3,BD= 2,求△OCD的面积.

答案

解:(1)设 $OC$ 交 $AB$ 于点 $E$.
$\because OC$ 是 $\odot O$ 的半径,$C$ 为 $\overset{\frown}{AB}$ 的中点,由圆的对称性可得 $OC$ 垂直平分 $AB$.
$\because CD // AB$,
$\therefore \angle OCD = \angle OEB = 90^{\circ}$,
$\because OC$ 是 $\odot O$ 的半径,且 $CD \perp OC$,
$\therefore CD$ 是 $\odot O$ 的切线;
(2) $\because OA = OC = OB = 3$,$BD = 2$,
$\therefore OD = OB + BD = 3 + 2 = 5$.
$\because \angle OCD = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore CD = \sqrt{OD^{2} - OC^{2}}$
$= \sqrt{5^{2} - 3^{2}} = 4$,
$\therefore S_{\triangle OCD} = \frac{1}{2}CD \cdot OC$
$= \frac{1}{2} \times 4 \times 3 = 6$,
$\therefore \triangle OCD$ 的面积是 6.
9.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,C为⊙O上一点,过点C的切线与AB的延长线交于点P.若AC=

PC= 3$\sqrt{3}$,求PB的长.

答案

解:连接 $OC$,则 $\angle OCP = 90^{\circ}$.
$\because OA = OC$,$\therefore \angle OCA = \angle A$,
$\therefore \angle POC = 2\angle A$.
$\because AC = PC$,$\therefore \angle P = \angle A$,
$\therefore \angle P + \angle POC = 3\angle A = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore \angle P = 30^{\circ}$,$\therefore OC = \frac{1}{2}OP$.
在 $Rt\triangle OPC$ 中,$PC^{2} + OC^{2} = OP^{2}$,
$\therefore (3\sqrt{3})^{2} + (\frac{1}{2}OP)^{2} = OP^{2}$,
$\therefore OP = 6$,$\therefore OB = OC = 3$,
$\therefore PB = OP - OB = 3$.
10.(2024临夏州中考)如图,直线l与⊙O相切于点D,AB为⊙O的直径,过点A作AE⊥l于点E,延长AB交直线l于点C.
(1)求证:AD平分∠CAE;
(2)若BC= 1,DC= 2,求⊙O的半径.

答案

解:(1)连接 $OD$.
$\because$ 直线 $l$ 与 $\odot O$ 相切于点 $D$,
$\therefore OD \perp CE$,
$\because AE \perp CE$. $\therefore OD // AE$,
$\therefore \angle ODA = \angle EAD$.
$\because OA = OD$,$\therefore \angle ODA = \angle OAD$,
$\therefore \angle OAD = \angle EAD$,
$\therefore AD$ 平分 $\angle CAE$;
(2)设 $\odot O$ 的半径为 $r$,
则 $OB = OD = r$,在 $Rt\triangle OCD$ 中,
$\because OD = r$,$CD = 2$,$OC = r + 1$,
$\therefore r^{2} + 2^{2} = (r + 1)^{2}$,解得 $r = \frac{3}{2}$,
即 $\odot O$ 的半径为 $\frac{3}{2}$.
11.(教材P_1₀_2T_1_2变式)如图,AB为⊙O直径,C为⊙O上一点,D是$\overparen{BC}$的中点,DE⊥AC于点E,DF⊥AB于点F.
(1)判断DE与⊙O的位置关系,并证明你的结论;
(2)求$\frac{OF}{AC}$的值.

答案

解:(1) $DE$ 与 $\odot O$ 相切. 连接 $OD$,$AD$,证 $\angle DAC = \angle DAB = \angle ODA$,$OD // AE$ 即可;
(2)过点 $O$ 作 $OG \perp AC$ 于点 $G$,
$\therefore AG = CG$.
由(1)得 $\angle BAD = \angle EAD$,
$\therefore DF = DE = OG$,
$\therefore \triangle DOF \cong \triangle OAG$,
$\therefore AG = OF$,$\therefore \frac{OF}{AC} = \frac{1}{2}$.