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Ⅰ. Make sentences with words or phrases.
1. people, across, and, vehicles, ferries, rivers, and, seas, transport
2. large, are, some, to, enough, carry, cars, and, passengers, hundreds of
3. largest, the, China, has, in, Asia, ferry
4. 50 cities, China, in, more than, their, have, metro, own, systems
5. can, get, people, around, cities, in, metro, by, easily
1. people, across, and, vehicles, ferries, rivers, and, seas, transport
Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. large, are, some, to, enough, carry, cars, and, passengers, hundreds of
Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. largest, the, China, has, in, Asia, ferry
China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. 50 cities, China, in, more than, their, have, metro, own, systems
More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. can, get, people, around, cities, in, metro, by, easily
People can get around in cities by metro easily.
答案
1. Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. People can get around in cities by metro easily.
2. Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. People can get around in cities by metro easily.
解析
【分析】本题为英语连词成句题型，解题思路为：先确定句子的核心成分（主语、谓语、宾语等），再结合词汇的固定搭配、介词短语用法及英语句子语序（主语在前，谓语在后，修饰成分后置）排列单词，同时注意首字母大写和标点符号。
【解析】1. 先确定主语为Ferries，谓语为transport，宾语为people and vehicles，地点状语为across rivers and seas，组合成句子：Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. 主语为Some，谓语为are，表语部分为large enough，结合固定搭配enough to do，宾语为hundreds of cars and passengers，组合成句子：Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. 主语为China，谓语为has，宾语为the largest ferry，地点状语为in Asia，组合成句子：China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. 主语为More than 50 cities，地点状语为in China，谓语为have，宾语为their own metro systems，组合成句子：More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. 主语为People，谓语为can get around，地点状语为in cities，方式状语为by metro easily，组合成句子：People can get around in cities by metro easily.
【答案】1. Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. People can get around in cities by metro easily.
【知识点】英语连词成句；简单句结构；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础句子的构建，聚焦词汇搭配与句子语序的运用，属于基础题型，能有效检验学生的英语基础运用能力。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 先确定主语为Ferries，谓语为transport，宾语为people and vehicles，地点状语为across rivers and seas，组合成句子：Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. 主语为Some，谓语为are，表语部分为large enough，结合固定搭配enough to do，宾语为hundreds of cars and passengers，组合成句子：Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. 主语为China，谓语为has，宾语为the largest ferry，地点状语为in Asia，组合成句子：China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. 主语为More than 50 cities，地点状语为in China，谓语为have，宾语为their own metro systems，组合成句子：More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. 主语为People，谓语为can get around，地点状语为in cities，方式状语为by metro easily，组合成句子：People can get around in cities by metro easily.
【答案】1. Ferries transport people and vehicles across rivers and seas.
2. Some are large enough to carry hundreds of cars and passengers.
3. China has the largest ferry in Asia.
4. More than 50 cities in China have their own metro systems.
5. People can get around in cities by metro easily.
【知识点】英语连词成句；简单句结构；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础句子的构建，聚焦词汇搭配与句子语序的运用，属于基础题型，能有效检验学生的英语基础运用能力。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅱ. Read and understand.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. The entire wall, which has many branches, is about 8,800 kilometres long. It stretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west.
The construction was begun during the Warring States Period, which was about 2,500 years ago. The states of Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan and Zhongshan all built walls to protect their people. The first emperor, Qin Shihuang, joined all these smaller walls together to make the Great Wall.
These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood wore away in the rain and wind. Little of that wall remains. Most of the wall that can be seen today was built during the Ming Dynasty. It was made of stone and brick that would last longer.
The Great Wall was first built by ancient people to separate them from their enemies. Those Ming Dynasty rulers did not expect that it would later be used to bring tourists into China. It is said that one who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. The Great Wall is a treasure of Chinese civilization and it is regarded as a symbol of the Chinese nation.
Read the passage and match the words with their meanings.
1. separate a. not joined to something else
2. enemy b. to think or believe that something will happen
3. expect c. gold or other things that are worth lots of money
4. treasure d. a person who hates you and wants to harm you
Read the passage again and complete the diagram.
Qin Dynasty
Material —— The Great Wall
total length
Purpose —— to their people
—— to them from their
Meaning —— a of Chinese civilization
—— a of the Chinese nation
Ming Dynasty
beginning time
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. The entire wall, which has many branches, is about 8,800 kilometres long. It stretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west.
The construction was begun during the Warring States Period, which was about 2,500 years ago. The states of Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan and Zhongshan all built walls to protect their people. The first emperor, Qin Shihuang, joined all these smaller walls together to make the Great Wall.
These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood wore away in the rain and wind. Little of that wall remains. Most of the wall that can be seen today was built during the Ming Dynasty. It was made of stone and brick that would last longer.
The Great Wall was first built by ancient people to separate them from their enemies. Those Ming Dynasty rulers did not expect that it would later be used to bring tourists into China. It is said that one who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. The Great Wall is a treasure of Chinese civilization and it is regarded as a symbol of the Chinese nation.
Read the passage and match the words with their meanings.
1. separate a. not joined to something else
2. enemy b. to think or believe that something will happen
3. expect c. gold or other things that are worth lots of money
4. treasure d. a person who hates you and wants to harm you
Read the passage again and complete the diagram.
Qin Dynasty
Material —— The Great Wall
total length
Purpose —— to their people
—— to them from their
Meaning —— a of Chinese civilization
—— a of the Chinese nation
Ming Dynasty
beginning time
答案
词义匹配：1. a 2. d 3. b 4. c
图表填空：
Qin Dynasty: made of packed earth; made of wood
total length: about 8,800 kilometres long
Purpose: protect; separate, enemies
Meaning: treasure; symbol
Ming Dynasty: made of stone; made of brick
beginning time: during the Warring States Period; about 2,500 years ago
图表填空：
Qin Dynasty: made of packed earth; made of wood
total length: about 8,800 kilometres long
Purpose: protect; separate, enemies
Meaning: treasure; symbol
Ming Dynasty: made of stone; made of brick
beginning time: during the Warring States Period; about 2,500 years ago
解析
【分析】
本题分为词义匹配和图表填空两部分，解题思路如下：1. 词义匹配：先明确每个英文单词的含义，再对应选项的释义，找到匹配项；2. 图表填空：通读短文，分别定位秦代、明代长城的相关信息（材料、长度、用途、意义、开始时间等），提取对应内容填入图表。
【解析】
一、词义匹配解析：
1. separate意为“分离、分开”，对应选项a“不与其他事物相连”；
2. enemy意为“敌人”，对应选项d“憎恨你并想伤害你的人”；
3. expect意为“预料、期望”，对应选项b“认为某事会发生”；
4. treasure意为“宝藏、珍品”，对应选项c“黄金或其他贵重物品”。
二、图表填空解析：
从短文中提取对应信息：
1. 秦代长城材料：由“These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood”可知，为made of packed earth、made of wood；
2. 总长度：由“The entire wall... is about 8,800 kilometres long”可知，为about 8,800 kilometres long；
3. 用途：由“The states of Qin... built walls to protect their people”及“The Great Wall was first built by ancient people to separate them from their enemies”可知，为protect、separate、enemies；
4. 意义：由“The Great Wall is a treasure of Chinese civilization and it is regarded as a symbol of the Chinese nation”可知，为treasure、symbol；
5. 明代长城材料：由“Most of the wall that can be seen today was built during the Ming Dynasty. It was made of stone and brick”可知，为made of stone、made of brick；
6. 明代长城开始时间：由“The construction was begun during the Warring States Period, which was about 2,500 years ago”可知，为during the Warring States Period、about 2,500 years ago。
【答案】
词义匹配：1. a 2. d 3. b 4. c
图表填空：
Qin Dynasty: made of packed earth; made of wood
total length: about 8,800 kilometres long
Purpose: protect; separate, enemies
Meaning: treasure; symbol
Ming Dynasty: made of stone; made of brick
beginning time: during the Warring States Period; about 2,500 years ago
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，词义辨析，信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语短文的理解能力，涵盖词义匹配和关键信息提取，需仔细阅读原文定位对应内容，难度适中，是基础的阅读理解题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题分为词义匹配和图表填空两部分，解题思路如下：1. 词义匹配：先明确每个英文单词的含义，再对应选项的释义，找到匹配项；2. 图表填空：通读短文，分别定位秦代、明代长城的相关信息（材料、长度、用途、意义、开始时间等），提取对应内容填入图表。
【解析】
一、词义匹配解析：
1. separate意为“分离、分开”，对应选项a“不与其他事物相连”；
2. enemy意为“敌人”，对应选项d“憎恨你并想伤害你的人”；
3. expect意为“预料、期望”，对应选项b“认为某事会发生”；
4. treasure意为“宝藏、珍品”，对应选项c“黄金或其他贵重物品”。
二、图表填空解析：
从短文中提取对应信息：
1. 秦代长城材料：由“These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood”可知，为made of packed earth、made of wood；
2. 总长度：由“The entire wall... is about 8,800 kilometres long”可知，为about 8,800 kilometres long；
3. 用途：由“The states of Qin... built walls to protect their people”及“The Great Wall was first built by ancient people to separate them from their enemies”可知，为protect、separate、enemies；
4. 意义：由“The Great Wall is a treasure of Chinese civilization and it is regarded as a symbol of the Chinese nation”可知，为treasure、symbol；
5. 明代长城材料：由“Most of the wall that can be seen today was built during the Ming Dynasty. It was made of stone and brick”可知，为made of stone、made of brick；
6. 明代长城开始时间：由“The construction was begun during the Warring States Period, which was about 2,500 years ago”可知，为during the Warring States Period、about 2,500 years ago。
【答案】
词义匹配：1. a 2. d 3. b 4. c
图表填空：
Qin Dynasty: made of packed earth; made of wood
total length: about 8,800 kilometres long
Purpose: protect; separate, enemies
Meaning: treasure; symbol
Ming Dynasty: made of stone; made of brick
beginning time: during the Warring States Period; about 2,500 years ago
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，词义辨析，信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语短文的理解能力，涵盖词义匹配和关键信息提取，需仔细阅读原文定位对应内容，难度适中，是基础的阅读理解题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
