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四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rules for 1.
We all want to live comfortably and 2.
◆ We clean the main streets 4.
◆ The main lights are on a timer(定时器)and they stay on 6.
◆ Please keep noise to a minimum(最小值). Loud music and other loud noise can disturb(打扰)other people. 7.
◆ Make sure the outside door is always locked and do not let any strangers 8.
◆ Each flat 9.
If you have any problems or questions, please call us at 1080 * * * 000.
Rules for 1.
living
(live)in the communityWe all want to live comfortably and 2.
happily
(happy)in our community, so we put up this notice here 3. to tell
(tell)you something we think you should follow.◆ We clean the main streets 4.
twice
(two)a week, so please try to keep 5. them
(they)tidy and clean and do not leave rubbish on the stairs.◆ The main lights are on a timer(定时器)and they stay on 6.
for
five minutes when you press them. Please tell us if any lights are not working.◆ Please keep noise to a minimum(最小值). Loud music and other loud noise can disturb(打扰)other people. 7.
If
you make too much noise, we will get in touch with(与……联系)you.◆ Make sure the outside door is always locked and do not let any strangers 8.
come
(come)into your house.◆ Each flat 9.
has
(have)one car parking space. These are numbered and are at the back of the building. If you have more than one car, you will have to park it on 10. the
road.If you have any problems or questions, please call us at 1080 * * * 000.
答案
1. living 2. happily 3. to tell 4. twice 5. them 6. for 7. If 8. come 9. has 10. the
解析
【分析】
这是一篇社区居住规则主题的语法填空题，解题时先通读全文把握文本大意，明确所有空分为两类：一类是给出提示词的变形题，一类是无提示词需填1个虚词的题。解题思路是：1. 遇到提示词先判断空格处所需的词性，结合前后搭配、句子成分进行词性转换；2. 无提示词的空结合固定搭配、从句逻辑、冠词/代词等基础语法规则推导，确保每空仅填1个词，符合语境逻辑。逐空排查时还要注意主谓一致、固定短语、句首大写等细节要求。
【解析】
1. 空前是介词for，介词后接动词时需要用动名词形式，live的动名词是living，故填living。
2. 空格处和并列连词and前的副词comfortably共同修饰动词live，需要用副词形式，happy的副词是happily，故填happily。
3. 此处表示张贴通知的目的是告知大家需要遵守的事项，用不定式作目的状语，故填to tell。
4. 此处表达“每周两次”的含义，固定表达为twice a week，基数词two要变为频度副词twice，故填twice。
5. 空前是及物动词keep，后面要接人称代词的宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
6. 空后是时间段five minutes，“for+时间段”是固定用法，表示动作持续的时长，此处指灯亮五分钟，故填for。
7. 此处是条件状语从句，逻辑为“如果你制造过多噪音，我们就会联系你”，引导条件状语从句用if，句首首字母大写，故填If。
8. 固定搭配let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，let后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，所以动词come用原形，故填come。
9. 主语Each flat是单数概念，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，have的第三人称单数是has，故填has。
10. 固定搭配on the road表示“在路上”，此处特指可供停车的公共道路，用定冠词the，故填the。
【答案】
1. living 2. happily 3. to tell 4. twice 5. them 6. for 7. If 8. come 9. has 10. the
【知识点】
词性转换，非谓语动词，虚词用法
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的社区规则作为语料，考点覆盖初中阶段核心的词法句法基础知识点，大部分空给出提示词降低了解题门槛，少量无提示空考察固定搭配和从句逻辑，能够有效检验学生对基础语法规则的掌握程度，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇社区居住规则主题的语法填空题，解题时先通读全文把握文本大意，明确所有空分为两类：一类是给出提示词的变形题，一类是无提示词需填1个虚词的题。解题思路是：1. 遇到提示词先判断空格处所需的词性，结合前后搭配、句子成分进行词性转换；2. 无提示词的空结合固定搭配、从句逻辑、冠词/代词等基础语法规则推导，确保每空仅填1个词，符合语境逻辑。逐空排查时还要注意主谓一致、固定短语、句首大写等细节要求。
【解析】
1. 空前是介词for，介词后接动词时需要用动名词形式，live的动名词是living，故填living。
2. 空格处和并列连词and前的副词comfortably共同修饰动词live，需要用副词形式，happy的副词是happily，故填happily。
3. 此处表示张贴通知的目的是告知大家需要遵守的事项，用不定式作目的状语，故填to tell。
4. 此处表达“每周两次”的含义，固定表达为twice a week，基数词two要变为频度副词twice，故填twice。
5. 空前是及物动词keep，后面要接人称代词的宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
6. 空后是时间段five minutes，“for+时间段”是固定用法，表示动作持续的时长，此处指灯亮五分钟，故填for。
7. 此处是条件状语从句，逻辑为“如果你制造过多噪音，我们就会联系你”，引导条件状语从句用if，句首首字母大写，故填If。
8. 固定搭配let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，let后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，所以动词come用原形，故填come。
9. 主语Each flat是单数概念，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，have的第三人称单数是has，故填has。
10. 固定搭配on the road表示“在路上”，此处特指可供停车的公共道路，用定冠词the，故填the。
【答案】
1. living 2. happily 3. to tell 4. twice 5. them 6. for 7. If 8. come 9. has 10. the
【知识点】
词性转换，非谓语动词，虚词用法
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的社区规则作为语料，考点覆盖初中阶段核心的词法句法基础知识点，大部分空给出提示词降低了解题门槛，少量无提示空考察固定搭配和从句逻辑，能够有效检验学生对基础语法规则的掌握程度，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、阅读理解。〔人与社会——社区生活〕
Special communities in the world
There is an underground community in Italy. Its name is Federation of Damanhur. A man called Oberto invited some friends to help him build a great and wonderful temple(庙宇)first. Now more than 800 people live there. And the community has its own currency(货币)and college.
There is a community near Amsterdam. It doesn't look different from other communities. Only 152 people with memory(记忆)problems live there. Every day they are free enough to do some shopping, eat meals in restaurants and do the things they like. But the whole community is carefully monitored(被监控).
Some short people come from a small community in Kunming, China. They live in small houses. All of them are less than 130 cm tall. They wear special clothes and dress up every day. They perform(表演)for thousands of visitors every week. Most of them say they enjoy living and working there.
(
A. Homeless people.
B. People with memory problems.
C. Poor people.
D. Many short people.
(
A. They can't go to college.
B. They can't eat meals in restaurants.
C. They can't do the things they like.
D. They can't go shopping.
(
A. Boring.
B. Poor.
C. Enjoyable.
D. Sad.
(
A. The community in Italy has its own currency and college.
B. People from the community near Amsterdam can buy things there.
C. The whole community in Kunming is carefully monitored.
D. The short people enjoy performing for visitors.
Special communities in the world
There is an underground community in Italy. Its name is Federation of Damanhur. A man called Oberto invited some friends to help him build a great and wonderful temple(庙宇)first. Now more than 800 people live there. And the community has its own currency(货币)and college.
There is a community near Amsterdam. It doesn't look different from other communities. Only 152 people with memory(记忆)problems live there. Every day they are free enough to do some shopping, eat meals in restaurants and do the things they like. But the whole community is carefully monitored(被监控).
Some short people come from a small community in Kunming, China. They live in small houses. All of them are less than 130 cm tall. They wear special clothes and dress up every day. They perform(表演)for thousands of visitors every week. Most of them say they enjoy living and working there.
(
B
)1. Who lives in the community near Amsterdam?A. Homeless people.
B. People with memory problems.
C. Poor people.
D. Many short people.
(
A
)2. What cannot people from the community near Amsterdam do?A. They can't go to college.
B. They can't eat meals in restaurants.
C. They can't do the things they like.
D. They can't go shopping.
(
C
)3. What do the short people think of their life?A. Boring.
B. Poor.
C. Enjoyable.
D. Sad.
(
C
)4. Which of the following is not true?A. The community in Italy has its own currency and college.
B. People from the community near Amsterdam can buy things there.
C. The whole community in Kunming is carefully monitored.
D. The short people enjoy performing for visitors.
答案
1~4. BACC
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍全球三处特色特殊社区的说明文，所有题目都属于细节理解类题型，解题时可以先划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到对应段落定位原文内容，将原文信息和各个选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，就能快速得到正确答案。第一题定位关键词near Amsterdam找对应居住人群；第二题同样定位阿姆斯特丹社区的居民活动权限，排除原文明确提到可以做的行为，剩下的就是不能做的事；第三题定位昆明矮人群体对生活的态度，找原文直接给出的评价；第四题需要逐一核对四个选项的表述和原文是否一致，选出描述错误的选项。
【解析】
1. 定位文章第二段第三句“Only 152 people with memory problems live there.”，明确说明阿姆斯特丹附近的社区居住的是有记忆障碍的人群，对应选项B。
2. 文章第二段提到阿姆斯特丹社区的居民可以自由购物、在餐厅就餐、做自己喜欢的事，由此排除B、C、D选项；而拥有专属大学的是意大利的地下社区，阿姆斯特丹的社区没有设置自己的大学，因此这里的居民不能去专属大学，对应选项A。
3. 定位文章最后一段最后一句“Most of them say they enjoy living and working there.”，说明这些矮人居民认为自己的生活是愉快的，对应C选项Enjoyable。
4. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：对应第一段末尾“And the community has its own currency and college.”，表述正确；
B选项：第二段提到居民可以do some shopping，说明他们可以购物买东西，表述正确；
C选项：原文提到被仔细监控的是阿姆斯特丹附近的社区，并非昆明的小社区，该表述错误；
D选项：矮人居民每周为数千游客表演，且他们享受当地的生活工作，说明他们乐于为游客表演，表述正确。
因此本题选描述错误的C。
【答案】
1~4. BACC
【知识点】
英语细节阅读，信息比对判断
【点评】
本篇阅读话题贴近生活，内容趣味性强，所有题目都不需要复杂推理，只要掌握题干关键词回原文定位的解题技巧，就能轻松选出正确答案，同时也能帮助学生了解世界各地不同特色社区的相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍全球三处特色特殊社区的说明文，所有题目都属于细节理解类题型，解题时可以先划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到对应段落定位原文内容，将原文信息和各个选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，就能快速得到正确答案。第一题定位关键词near Amsterdam找对应居住人群；第二题同样定位阿姆斯特丹社区的居民活动权限，排除原文明确提到可以做的行为，剩下的就是不能做的事；第三题定位昆明矮人群体对生活的态度，找原文直接给出的评价；第四题需要逐一核对四个选项的表述和原文是否一致，选出描述错误的选项。
【解析】
1. 定位文章第二段第三句“Only 152 people with memory problems live there.”，明确说明阿姆斯特丹附近的社区居住的是有记忆障碍的人群，对应选项B。
2. 文章第二段提到阿姆斯特丹社区的居民可以自由购物、在餐厅就餐、做自己喜欢的事，由此排除B、C、D选项；而拥有专属大学的是意大利的地下社区，阿姆斯特丹的社区没有设置自己的大学，因此这里的居民不能去专属大学，对应选项A。
3. 定位文章最后一段最后一句“Most of them say they enjoy living and working there.”，说明这些矮人居民认为自己的生活是愉快的，对应C选项Enjoyable。
4. 逐一核对选项：
A选项：对应第一段末尾“And the community has its own currency and college.”，表述正确；
B选项：第二段提到居民可以do some shopping，说明他们可以购物买东西，表述正确；
C选项：原文提到被仔细监控的是阿姆斯特丹附近的社区，并非昆明的小社区，该表述错误；
D选项：矮人居民每周为数千游客表演，且他们享受当地的生活工作，说明他们乐于为游客表演，表述正确。
因此本题选描述错误的C。
【答案】
1~4. BACC
【知识点】
英语细节阅读，信息比对判断
【点评】
本篇阅读话题贴近生活，内容趣味性强，所有题目都不需要复杂推理，只要掌握题干关键词回原文定位的解题技巧，就能轻松选出正确答案，同时也能帮助学生了解世界各地不同特色社区的相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
