训练 5
体裁：说明文
主题：环境保护
难度：★★★★★
Paying for bus rides with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus cards. B 1 one Indonesian city has decided to accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses.
Surabaya, Indonesia's second largest city, l 2 on the eastern end of the country's main island Java, made this decision in April, 2018. Now l 3 can pay for their bus rides by putting plastic cups or bottles directly on the bus. A two-hour bus ride costs 10 plastic cups or 5 bottles.
Indonesia is the second largest ocean plastic polluter, producing u 4 to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean every year, according to a report. The head of Surabaya's Transportation Department said, "With this decision, we hope to raise public awareness about the environment, e 5 people's awareness about plastic waste."
The collected bottles are s 6 to recycling companies and the money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and p 7 money for green spaces in the city. This is certainly turning rubbish into a national t 8.
The decision is part of the city's p 9—to become plastic waste-free within a few years. In order to encourage local people to take buses, the city also added new Surabaya buses. They are air-conditioned, comfortable and easy for elderly and d 10 passengers to get on and off.
This type of programme can be a model for other cities worldwide and encourage citizens to recycle their plastic waste.
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1. But 根据“Paying for bus ride with plastic usually makes people think of plastic bus card.”与后文“accept plastic recyclable waste instead of money for city buses”的转折关系，结合首字母“B”，此处应填转折连词 But。故填 But。
2. located 根据“on the eastern end of the country's main island Java”可知，此处表示“位于”，结合首字母“l”，located 是形容词，作后置定语修饰 Surabaya，表示“位于……”，符合语境。故填 located。
3. locals 根据“pay for their bus rides”可知，此处指“当地居民”，结合首字母“l”，local 的名词形式 locals 表示“当地人”，符合语境。故填 locals。
4. up 根据“to 2.4 million tons of plastic waste”可知，此处表示“多达”，结合首字母“u”，up to 表示“多达；直到”。故填 up。
5. especially 根据“raise public awareness about the environment”与“people's awareness about plastic waste”的递进关系，结合首字母“e”，especially 表示“尤其；特别”，符合语境。故填 especially。
6. sold 根据“to recycling companies”可知，此处表示“被出售”，结合首字母“s”，sell 表示“卖，出售”，主语 The collected bottles 与 sell 是被动关系，用被动语态 be sold。故填 sold。
7. providing 根据“money earned from it goes toward running the bus companies and...”可知，此处表示“提供资金”，结合首字母“p”，provide 表示“提供”，go toward doing sth.中 toward 是介词，后接动名词，provide 的动名词形式是 providing。故填 providing。
8. treasure 根据“turning rubbish into”可知，此处应填表示积极意义的名词，结合首字母“t”，treasure 表示“财富”，符合语境。故填 treasure。
9. purpose/plan 根据“to become plastic waste-free within a few years”可知，此处表示“城市的目标/计划”，结合首字母“p”，purpose 表示“目的；目标”，plan 表示“计划”，符合语境，故填 purpose/plan。
10. disabled 根据“elderly and...passengers”可知，此处应填与 elderly 并列的形容词，描述特殊群体乘客，结合首字母“d”，disabled 表示“残疾的”，符合语境。故填 disabled。

【分析】
本题为英语首字母填空题，需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系、固定搭配及首字母提示，同时运用语法知识（如被动语态、动名词、名词复数等）确定答案。解题时先通读全文把握环保主题，再逐句分析每个空的前后文逻辑、搭配及语法要求，结合首字母推导正确单词。
【解析】
1. 空格前后为转折关系：前句说“用塑料付公交费通常让人想到塑料公交卡”，后句说“印尼一座城市接受塑料垃圾代替钱付公交费”，结合首字母B，填转折连词But。
2. 空格后表地点“爪哇岛东部”，需表达“位于”的含义，固定搭配be located on，结合首字母l，填located。
3. 空格后“付公交费”的主体是“当地居民”，结合首字母l，用名词复数locals。
4. 空格后“240万吨塑料垃圾”，需表达“多达”，固定搭配up to，结合首字母u，填up。
5. 空格前后为递进关系：前句“提高公众环保意识”，后句“提高人们对塑料垃圾的意识”，结合首字母e，填副词especially。
6. 空格后“回收公司”，主语“被收集的瓶子”与动词是被动关系，需用被动语态，结合首字母s，填sold。
7. 空格前是“running the bus companies and”，and连接并列动名词，结合首字母p，provide的动名词providing，表“提供资金”。
8. 空格前“把垃圾变成”，结合首字母t，treasure表“财富”，符合“变废为宝”的语境，填treasure。
9. 空格后“几年内实现无塑料垃圾”是城市的“目的/计划”，结合首字母p，填purpose或plan。
10. 空格前“老人和”，需并列描述特殊乘客，结合首字母d，disabled表“残疾的”，填disabled。
【答案】
1. But 2. located 3. locals 4. up 5. especially 6. sold 7. providing 8. treasure 9. purpose/plan 10. disabled
【知识点】
英语首字母填空；语境逻辑分析；语法运用
【点评】
本题围绕环保主题设置，考查学生对上下文逻辑、固定搭配及基础语法的综合应用，需结合文章细节推导答案，是巩固英语词汇与应用能力的典型题型。
【难度系数】
0.5

训练 1
体裁: 说明文 主题: 中华文化 难度: ★★★★ 建议用时: 7 min 正确率: /10
新素养·文化意识 The theme parks in the world are popular because they have their own character IPs(知识产权), such as Mickey Mouse and Harry Potter. According to research report, IP is the "heart" of a theme park. (develop) China's own IPs, some theme parks make good use of traditional Chinese culture, and others focus on films about Chinese (story).
It is encouraging that the Chinese cultural industry has been taking a big step in (create) works. For example, some famous theme parks have opened in Shanghai and Beijing (recent). It's happy to see that some Chinese culture has been welcomed in the parks.
Over the past few years, Chinese cultural IPs have often appeared films and TV dramas. For example, the Chinese film *Chang An* became a success thanks to the Chinese ink paintings, ancient poems high technology in it. Besides, *Mulan*, which was produced years ago, helped traditional Chinese culture to be learned by the world.
Traditional Chinese culture (provide) special experiences for the entertainment industry. The key lies in new ideas. With the help of high technology, China can develop (it) traditional cultural IPs and it (have) world - class theme parks in the coming years.

训练1【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国文化产业的发展。
1. a 根据语境“According to 1 research report, IP is the ‘heart’ of a theme park.”可知，一份研究报告显示，知识产权是主题公园的“心脏”。此处泛指一份研究报告，“research”发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2. To develop 根据语境“2 (develop) China's own IPs, some theme parks make good use of traditional Chinese culture”可知，为了开发中国自己的知识产权，一些主题公园很好地利用了中国传统文化。设空处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填To develop。
3. stories 根据语境“2 (develop) China's own IPs, some theme parks make good use of traditional Chinese culture, and others focus on films about Chinese 3 (story).”可知，为了开发中国自己的知识产权，一些主题公园很好地利用了中国传统文化，而另一些主题公园则专注于有关中国故事的电影。设空处表示复数含义，应使用名词复数形式，故填stories。
4. creative 根据语境“It is encouraging that the Chinese cultural industry has been taking a big step in 4 (create) works.”可知，中国文化产业在创意作品方面迈出了一大步，这是一件鼓舞人心的事情。设空处要修饰名词works，应当用形容词，故填creative。
5. recently 根据语境“some famous theme parks have opened in Shanghai and Beijing 5 (recent)”可知，最近在上海和北京开设了一些著名的主题公园。设空处在句中作时间状语，应用副词形式。故填recently。
6. in 根据语境“Chinese cultural IPs have often appeared 6 films and TV dramas”可知，中国文化知识产权经常出现在电影和电视剧中，in“在……中”符合语境。故填in。
7. and 根据语境“the Chinese film Chang An became a success thanks to the Chinese ink paintings, ancient poems 7 high technology in it”可知，中国电影《长安三万里》的成功要归功于其中的中国水墨画、古诗词和高科技。设空处前后构成并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
8. provides 根据语境“Traditional Chinese culture 8 (provide) special experiences for the entertainment industry. The key lies in new ideas.”可知，设空处所在的句子缺谓语，时态是一般现在时，主语是“Traditional Chinese culture”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填provides。
9. its 根据语境“With the help of high technology, China can develop 9 (it) traditional cultural IPs”可知，在高科技的帮助下，中国可以开发自己的传统文化知识产权，设空处要作定语修饰“traditional cultural IPs”，应当用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
10. will have 根据语境“it 10 (have) world-class theme parks in the coming years”可知，本句缺谓语动词，根据in the coming years可知，时态应用一般将来时，故填will have。

【分析】
先通读全文，理解文章围绕中国文化产业及主题公园IP发展的主题，再逐个分析每个空格的语境与语法要求：1. 需判断泛指单数可数名词的冠词用法；2. 需识别表目的的非谓语动词形式；3. 需确定可数名词的复数形式；4. 需完成动词到形容词的词性转换以修饰名词；5. 需完成形容词到副词的词性转换以作状语；6. 需匹配表示“在……中”的介词；7. 需判断并列成分的连词；8. 需根据主谓一致和时态确定动词形式；9. 需选择修饰名词的形容词性物主代词；10. 需根据将来时间状语确定一般将来时的动词形式。
【解析】
1. 此处泛指“一份研究报告”，且“research”以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2. 设空处表目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To develop。
3. story是可数名词，此处表泛指“中国故事”，应用复数形式，故填stories。
4. 此处修饰名词works，需用形容词，create的形容词形式为creative，故填creative。
5. 设空处作时间状语，修饰动词opened，需用副词，recent的副词形式为recently，故填recently。
6. 表示“出现在电影和电视剧中”，用介词in，故填in。
7. 前后的“中国水墨画、古诗词”和“高科技”是并列关系，用连词and连接，故填and。
8. 主语“Traditional Chinese culture”是不可数名词，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填provides。
9. 此处修饰名词短语“traditional cultural IPs”，需用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。
10. 根据时间状语“in the coming years”可知，时态为一般将来时，故填will have。
【答案】
a；To develop；stories；creative；recently；in；and；provides；its；will have
【知识点】
冠词的用法；非谓语动词（不定式表目的）；词性转换（形容词/副词）
【点评】
本题以中华文化为主题，通过语法填空形式综合考查基础语法知识，既要求理解语境逻辑，又需运用冠词、非谓语、词性转换等规则，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固语法并了解中国文化相关内容。
【难度系数】
0.6